Objective To review the diagnosis and treatment of epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney. Methods Five cases of epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney were retrospectively analyzed in the aspects of imaging and pathologic characteristics. There were 3 males and 2 females with average age of 46 years (ranging from 26-64 years). There were 3 patients complained of pains of lumber. Two cases were found renal masses in routine physical examination. The mass diameter was 2.9-10. 1 cm. Two cases were diagnosed as angiomyolipoma and three as malignant tumors as kidney cancer, tumor of the adrenal gland or tumor of the liver with ultrasound and CT scan. Four of the 5cases accepted partial nephrectomy and 1 with radical nephrectomy. Results Epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney was composed of abnormal thick parietal vessel, smooth muscle and adipose tissue in different proportional. The cytoplasm of epithelioid cells was acidophilia or lucency, which had acidophilia particles and abundant blood vessels. Epithelioid cells were round or polygon, surrounded to blood vessels, distributed in lipoid. The SMA, Vimentin and HMB45 were positive by immunohistochemisty. The post-operative histological diagnosis showed that all cases were epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney. All patients were followed up for 2 to 12 months. No patients had locally recurrence or distant metastasis. Conclusions The diagnosis of epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney relies on histopathology results. The immunohistochemical staining could be helpful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

Objective:To describe the epidemiological characteristics of mental disorders in Ximeng Wa Au-tonomous County and explore psychosocial risk factors of mental disorders. Methods:Two thousand three hundred and eighty one residents aged 1 8 years and over were sampled using multistage sampling in Ximeng Wa Autono-mous County in 2013. All respondents were investigated by face-to-face interview. Mental disorders were screened out by using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)and diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases Checklist (ICD-10-Checklist)criteria. Results:Life time prevalence of any mental disorder was 19. 86%(419/2110). The lifetime prevalence rates of substance use disorder,anxiety disorder,insomnia,mood disorder, schizophrenia were 12. 99%(274/2110),6. 30%(133/2110),2. 94%(62/2110),2. 32%(49/2110)and 1. 00%(21/2110)respectively. Male (OR=0. 43),older age (35 -49 years,OR=1. 78;50 -64 years,OR=2. 59;≥65 years,OR=3. 5 1 ),unmarried and other marital status (OR=0. 3 1 ),non-Wa and non-Lahu ethnic groups (OR=0. 29)were associated with neurotic,stress-related and somatoform disorders. Male (OR=2. 41),older age (35 -49 years,OR=2. 29;50-64 years,OR=3. 20;≥65 years,OR=4. 58),non-farmer and non-self-employed occupation (OR=0. 41),and non-Wa and non-Lahu ethnic groups (OR=0. 32)were associated with psychoactive substance use disorder. Male (OR =0. 35 ) and order age (≥65 years,OR =3. 05 ) were associated with mood disorders. Conclusion:Lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder,substance use disorders and anxiety disorders are high in Ximeng Wa Autonomous County. Measures should be strengthened against prevalence of mental disorders in ethnic minority areas.

Objective:To investigate the emergency surgical effect of ruptured intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF).Methods:Patients with ruptured intracranial DAVF underwent microsurgery in the Department of Neurosurgery, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from May 2013 to July 2022 were retrospectively included. The clinical, imaging and follow-up data were collected, and the clinical characteristics, selection of surgical methods and treatment effects of patients were summarized.Results:A total of 8 patients with DAVF were enrolled. Their age ranged from 11 to 60 years (average, 48 years). There were 7 males and 1 female. All 8 patients suffered from intracranial hemorrhage, manifested as headache and vomiting in 2 cases, simple conscious disturbance in 2 cases, conscious disturbance with cerebral hernia in 3 cases, and conscious disturbance with limb paralysis in 1 case. The fistula was located in the anterior fossa in 4 cases (including 2 cases with aneurysms), the middle fossa in 2 cases (including 1 case with moyamoya disease), the transverse sinus in 1 case, and the anterior 1/3 area of the sagittal sinus in 1 case. Cognard classification: 7 patients were type Ⅲ and 1 was type Ⅳ. After admission, all patients underwent emergency craniotomy and microsurgery to remove hematoma. Among them, 4 patients underwent decompressive craniectomy at the same time, 1 patient with moyamoya disease underwent dural turnover and temporalis muscle application at the same time, and 2 patients with aneurysms at the same location were clipped at the same time. Postoperative re-examination of head CT showed that the hematoma was cleared satisfactorily and the midline was no shift in all 8 patients. CT angiography (CTA) showed that the fistula disappeared within 2 weeks. Seven patients were followed up within 1-12 months after operation. CTA or digital subtraction angiography showed no recurrence of DAVF. Two patients with aneurysms did not have residual or recurrent aneurysms. All patients had no new neurological symptoms, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale score in 2 patients increased by 1 compared with that at discharge.Conclusion:Emergency microsurgery is an effective method for the treatment of ruptured intracranial DAVF, especially for patients with special parts or complicated hematoma, cerebral hernia, and other vascular diseases.

Objective:To describe and analyze suicide risk of patients with schizophrenia,major depressive disorder,and bipolar disorder.Methods:A total of 2 016 patients with schizophrenia,903 patients with major de-pressive disorder,and 381 patients with bipolar disorder from inpatients,clinics,or communities who met the diag-nostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition were recruited.All patients were interviewed by psychiatrists using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to diagnose mental disor-ders and assess suicide risk,as well as Clinical-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity(CRDPSS)to as-sess symptoms.Differences and risk factors of suicide risk among three types of mental disorders were explored u-sing multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:In the past one month,37 patients with schizophrenia(1.8％),516 patients with major depressive disorder(57.1％),and 102 patients with bipolar disorder(26.8％)had suicide risk.Compared with patients with schizophrenia,suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorder(OR=36.50)and bipolar disorder(OR=20.10)increased.Female(OR=1.87),smoking(OR=1.76),family history of suicide(OR=5.09),higher score of CRDPSS hallucination(OR=1.80),and higher score of CRDPSS depression(OR=1.54)were risk factors of suicide risk of patients.Conclusions:Suicide risk of patients with ma-jor depressive disorder and bipolar disorder is higher than that of patients with schizophrenia.In clinical practice,it is important to regularly assess suicide risk of patients.Patients who experience symptoms of hallucination and de-pression should be paid more attention to.