Analysis of setbacks found in the existing system and mechanism of public hospitals. Based on the health reform principles of Separation of administration and management, Separation of administration and operation, Separation of prescribing and dispensing, and Separation of for-profit hospitals and nonprofit hospitals, the authors named the following roadmap for public hospital governance reform. First, set up a management committee for each public hospital to coordinate the government function for medical service; set up a public hospital authority to upgrade the management level of these hospitals; transform functionality of health authorities to encourage diversity in medical service providers. Second, establish the tiered decision making mechanism, autonomous operation system and diversified supervision system, to separate administration and management. Third, formulate articles of association for hospitals to encourage their evolution to legal entities, consolidating the government reforms by legal means.

Objective:To clone and express the HCDH gene fragment in E.coli,and then to prepare its antiserum.Methods:The HCDH gene fragment was amplified by PCR,and ligated to the expression vector pMAL-P2X after DNA sequencing analysis.Recombinant plasmid was transformed into the E.coli.Then its expression was induced by IPTG and analyzed by SDS-PAGE.The otter rabbit was immunized with maltose resin affinity purified antigen.Antiserum valence was detected using ELISA and AGP test.The specificity was detected using Western blot.Results:The objective products of 786 bp were obtained,then the prokaryotic expression vector of HCDH gene was established and the corresponding antiserum was prepared successfully.Conclusion:It lays solid foundation for the further researches on detecting the changes of HCDH protein on the expression level or the expression regulation of HCDH gene.

Objective To evaluate catheter-directed thrombolysis via the popliteal vein in the treatment of the lower limb acute deep venous thrombosis.Methods From July 2009 to October 2010,32patients of the lower limb acute deep venous thrombosis including 3 patients with concurrent pulmonary embolism underwent uhrasound-guided catheter-directed thrombolysis via the popliteal vein.The thrombolytic catheter was inserted into thrombus,through which urokinase was infused at a dosage of 100 × 104U/d.The venous patency score and the rate of patency improvement were observed by venograms before and after therapy.Results In every patient,the lower limb swell and pulomonary symptoms relieved.The circumferences between affected and normal thigh before and after the thrombolysis were(5.4 ± 1.4)cm and (1.7 ± 1.3)cm(t =9.92,P ＜0.01).The circumferences between affected and normal leg before and after the thrombolysis were(4.1 ± 1.5)cm and(1.5 ±0.7)cm(t =7.65,P ＜0.01).The venous patency score before and after the thrombolysis were(15 ± 4)and(4 ± 3)(t =7.12,P ＜ 0.01).The mean rate of venous patency was 88.21％.In the 3 patients with pulmonary embolism,thrombus was complete dissolved in 1 case and partial dissolved in 2 cases.No major complications occurred in all these patients.29 patients were followed up for 3-12 months.There were no thrombosis relapsed.Conclusions Catheter-directed thrombolysis via the popliteal vein with urokinase for acute lower limb deep venous thrombosis is safe and effective.

Objective To explore a safe dose range of spinal IMRT by comparing the cell damage in Beagles at different dose levels.Methods Thirty Beagles were randomly divided into 5 groups.The Beagle clinical model of tumor was established in the ninth and tenth thoracic spine.The Beagles were subjected to IMRT with the total doses of 0,40,50,60,70 Gy,respectively.The samples of spine were taken out from the same locum of the ninth and tenth thoracic spine at 3 month after radiation.All the samples were observed by the hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the VEGF expression in spine was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Terminal deoxynucleatidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL) technique was used to examine the apoptotic cells in the spine.Results The osteocytes in the spine showed reversible injury in 40 Gy group,and cell apoptosis in 50,60,70 Gy groups.Compared with 40 Gy group,the rates of lacuna were increased in 50,60,70 Gy groups(F =2.57,P ＜0.05),as well as the cell apoptotic rates(F =3.52,P ＜ 0.05) and the expression of VEGF (F =3.64,P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences among 50,60,70 Gy groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The late radiotherapy response of the spine was obviously observed at 3 month after radiation,especially at 50 Gy.

Stage 4 of chronic kidney disease ( stage 4 CKD ) is induced by insufficiency of spleen and kidney , disorder of qi activity, poor circulation of blood and body fluid metabolic disorders. It is a disease due to the internal generation of dampness , turbid , stasis and toxin . Clinical observation has already demonstrated that in-sufficiency of spleen and kidney is the key pathogenesis and characteristics in stage 4 CKD . In this article , the necessity of regulating and nourishing spleen and kidney on stage 4 CKD was discussed from two aspects , which were the disease characteristics and the connotation of regulating and nourishing spleen and kidney . It provided brief and essential syndrome differentiation and treatment strategies in the clinical treatment of stage 4 CKD .

Chronic renal failure ( CRF ) , which is a progressive disease , is difficult to be reversed after the pathological damage was formed . Hence , a variety of integrated and complementary therapies should be used for the lifelong treatment and regulation . This article suggested that therapeutic methods should be given ac-cording to different stages of CRF in its development . Chinese medicine comprehensive therapy should be given to the early and middle stage chronic renal failure patients in order to delay the disease progression . In the uremia stage , replacement therapy should also be used as the basic treatment in order to reduce the general complications of dialysis or a kidney transplant , thereby improving the quality of life of patients . The integra-tion of Chinese medicine therapy on CRF are from three aspects , which are Chinese medicine decoction based on syndrome differentiation , Chinese medicine external therapy and Chinese medicine featured CRF management in order to receive better therapeutic effects .

Objective To investigate the expression of Golgi protein?73(GP73) and Ki?67 antigen in gallbladder carcinoma ,and to analyze their correlations with proliferation ,invasion ,and prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma. Methods Streptavid?in?peroxidase (SP) immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of GP73 and Ki?67 in surgically resected specimens of 58 gallbladder carcinomas ,15 gallbladder adenomas and 15 gallbladder polyps samples . Results The positive rates of GP73 and Ki?67 protein in gallbladder carcinomas were 72.4% and67.24%,respectively ,which wer significantly higher than those in gallbladder adenomas(GP73:40.0%,Ki?67:26.7%,P<0.05)and in gallbladder polyps(GP73:13.3%,Ki?67:25.0%,P<0.05).The expression of GP73 was positively correlated with tumor differentiation ,Nevin staging and lymph node metastasis(P < 0.05), and the expression of GP73 was positively correlated with tumor differentiation ,Nevin staging(P < 0.05). GP73 expression was positively correlated with Ki?67 expression in gallbladder carcinoma (r = 0.473 ,P = 0.000). Patients with negative expression of GP73 and Ki?67 had longer survival time than those with positive expression of GP73 and Ki?67. Conclusion The expression of GP73 and Ki?67 was associated with proliferation ,invasion of gallbladder carcinoma. The combined detection of GP73 and Ki?67 is conducive to judging the progress and prognosis of the gallbladder carcinoma .

This study was aimed to summarize and analyze acupoint selection rule of acupuncture in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in recent years,and to guide acupoint selection and compatibility in clinical practice.Relevant literatures in recent years were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) full-text database.And then,literatures involving acupuncture prescriptions were summarized.Data were integrated and input.Finally,the SPSS software was combined to analyze the data of acupoint selection in the acupuncture prescription to achieve the conclusion.The results showed that in the acupuncture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea,the main meridian selections were the Ren Meridian and the Spleen Meridian of Foot Taiyin.The generally used acupoints were SP6-Sanyinjiao,RN4-Guanyuan,SPS-Diji,and etc.The multi-point compatibility therapy was used.It was concluded that although the advantages of acupuncture in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea are prominent,the pathogenesis is mainly related to the liver,spleen and kidney,which are recognized by most physicians.However,there are still large differences in acupoint compatibility and acupoint selection.Hence,there are still no unified,scientific and standardized diagnosis and treatment standards.Further exploration should be made to guide clinical practice.

This study was aimed to explore the medication rules of Chinese herbal medicine compound in the treatment of primary dysmenorrheal based on data mining.Relevant literatures on Chinese herbal medicine compound in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea were retrieved from June 2006 to June 2016 in the Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) to establish a literature database.The Excel 2010,SPSS 22.0 and SPSS Modeler 14.2 software were used in the frequency analysis,cluster analysis,association analysis,and etc.The results showed that literatures related to Chinese herbal medicine compound in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea,there were 74 compound formula and 76 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine involved.Angelica was the core single Chinese herbal medicine.Chinese herbal medicine with high-frequency usage was the type of removing blood stasis,invigorating qi and blood.Cluster analysis can form 5 clustering combination.Primary dysmenorrhea was mainly clustered to two syndromes,which were qi and blood deficiency with blood stasis,liver and kidney deficiency with qi stagnation and blood stasis.The association rules analysis showed that there were a total of 25 rules,with the most common combination of two or multiple combination from four kinds of Chinese herbal medicine,including Angelica,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,and Rhizoma Corydalis.It was concluded that blood stasis was the direct cause of primary dysmenorrhea,many of which belonged to the deficiency of root (i.e.,deficiency of qi,blood and cold deficiency) and excess of branch.Chinese herbal medicine treatment should be focused on the regulation of both qi and blood,invigoration of both liver and kidney,as well as harmonization of the blood.

The implantable axial blood pump, driven by external electromagnet, is studied recently. It oscillats when it is running because of the elastic implanted environment and driving force disequilibrium, etc. In this paper, a model of single erythrocyte in vibrated flow field was built to simulate the deformation and force of the erythrocyte. By using the mechanical injury principle of blood in blood pump, we studied the injury of a single erythrocyte resulted from oscillating boundary flow field. The research results indicated that the shape of the erythrocyte, force and velocity field nearby, which are affected by oscillating boundary flow field, all cause injury to the erythrocyte. All the researches shown in the present paper are expected to provide theoretical foundation for lightening hemolysis by the blood pump.
Assisted Circulation ; Erythrocytes ; cytology ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Oscillometry ; Prostheses and Implants