This review firstly introduces sixty h type indices which are categorized in order to overcome the drawbacks of the Hirsch index,especially the advantages and limits of the h type indices when comparing with h index.Moreover,the review gives a list to show the main characteristics of h type indices.Lastly,some illustrative researches are shown to present the applicability of some h type indices.

[Objective] This paper sums up Professor Shi Weiqun’s ointment experience in balancing body and treating the chronic liver disease by cream formula.[Methods] Through col ecting cream formula these 3 years to summarize Dr. Shi Weiqun ’s principle and experience on cream formula, and intro-duce 2 medical records. [Results] Treating chronic liver disease by cream formula should not only connect“sign”,“syndrome”,“symptom”,“distinguishes the throttle”, but also combine using of the four diagnostic methods, the rational use of drugs, and balance the body's immune. That would be used for preventive treatment of disease and prolonging life. [Conclusions] Professor Shi Weiqun ’s ointment experience of treating chronic liver disease by cream formula is effective and is trusted and welcomed by patients. His clinical experience is worth extending and applying.

Objective To explore the expression of circadian clock gene Per2 in the tissue of esophageal cancer and the relevance between VEGF,cyclin D1.Methods 80 cases with esophageal cancer who received surgical treatment and pathological specimens preserved were selected,and the normal tissues adjacent to carcinoma were used as control.The expression of Per2,VEGF and cyclin D1 were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the data were analyzed.Results Compared the tissue adjacent to carcinoma with carcinoma tissue,Per2,VEGF and cyclin D1 expression had statistically significant differences(x2 =26.86,24.34,23.72,all P ＜0.01).Per2 expression in different differentiation degree and the TMN stages had statistically significant differences (x2 =6.45,7.77,all P ＜ 0.05) ;cyclin D1 expression in lymph node metastasis and TMN stages had statistically significant differences(x2 =12.99,8.99,all P ＜ 0.01) ;VEGF expression in lymph node metastasis and TMN stages had statistically significant differences(x2 =6.68,6.14,all P ＜ 0.01).Per2 expression was negatively correlated with VEGF,cyclin D1 expression (r =-0.644,-0.523,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Clock gene Per2 and VEGF,cyclin D1 expression in esophageal cancer has certain correlation,it can be a prognostic indicator of esophageal cancer.

Animals ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; Light ; Male ; Neurons ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Noise ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To introduce several commonly used puncture techniques for retroperitoneal lymph node metastases in order to provide technical guidance in performing 125I seed implantation therapy. Methods The puncture methods used at authors’ interventional department in performing 125I seed implantation therapy for retroperitoneal lymph node metastases were summarized. Results The commonly used puncture methods included parallel needle puncturing technique , trans-viscera puncturing technique , broadening path puncturing technique and coaxial needle puncturing technique. Conclusion An effective combination use of various puncturing techniques to uniformly implant the radioactive 125I seeds into the lesion can improve the therapeutic result and reduce the occurrence of complications.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of peritoneum for unknown ascites.Methods The clinical data of 106 cases of unknown peritoneum in our hospital were collected retrospectively over the past five years (May 23,2011 to August 2,2016).The sensitivity and specificity of the percutaneous biopsy of peritoneum in diagnosis of the patients with unknown etiological ascites were evaluated.Complications were collected to evaluate the safety.Results The 106 patients with unknown ascites were performed with CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of peritoneum.The diagnoses of 91 patients were confirmed pathologically,accounted for 85.85％ of the total.Among the 91 patients,there were 60 cases (56.60％) of malignant and 31 cases (29.25％) of benign.The other 15 patients had no clinical diagnosis,which accounted for 14.15％ of the total.The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was 88.35％ and 100％ respectively,which were significantly superior to cytological examination,biochemical markers and other routine analysis.No severe complications were observed in all patients.Conclusion CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of peritoneum for unknown ascites plays an important instructive role in diagnosis with high accuracy,and it is a safe and effective method.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of MSCT longitudinal reconstruction in the ureteral obstruction.Methods 34 patients with ureteral obstruction were scaned transversely and longitudinally by GE Lightspeed 16 CT scanner and the images were reconstructed with three-dimensional software.All cases were proved by operation and pathology except for 2 cases of uretal obstruction compressed by retroperitoneal lymph nodes.Results In 34 cases,there were 22 cases of ureteral calculi,2 cases of ureteritis,3 cases of carcinoma of ureter,3 cases of pelvisureteral conjunction stricture,1 case of ureteral cyst,1 case of retrocaval ureter and 2 cases of ureter compressed by retroperitoneal metastatic lymph nodes.On longitudinal reconstruction images,22 lesions of calculi in the ureter and thickened uretal wall were showed.Contrast-enhanced CT scan was preformed in 5 cases,the CT values of lesions were increased about 20~35 HU,after administration of contrast medium,and light hydronephrosis in 18 cases,medium hydronephrosis in 6,serious hydronephrosis in 2 and no hydronephrosis in one case were showed on delayed contrast-enhanced scan.Conclusion Longitudinal reconstruction image is of significant value in diagnosis of ureteral obstruction.

Objecfive To investigate the association between bacteriology of airway secretions in acute onset chronic respiratory failure (ACRF) and its clinical prognosis.Methods The bacterial flora and antibiotic resistance in the airway secretions from 44 patients with 49 cases of ACRF were studied,the associations between bacteriology,antibiotic resistance and annual ACRF hospital admission frequency (ACRF≥2 or ACRF<2),its mortality were also explored.Results Positive rate of culture in airway secretions was 63.3%.Untraditional pathogens such as Pseudomonas Aeruginosa accounted for 80.7%.The bacterial yield of patients with ACRF≥2 was twice as that with ACRF<2 (P<0.01).Of the identified bacteria,61.3% displayed antibioticresistance,and there was signifi-cant prolongation of ventilation and hospitalization and increase of mortality in patients with antibiotic resistance(P<0.05).Conclusion There is a predominance of untraditional pathogens such as Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in bacteria from airway secretions of ACRF patients,positive yield and percentage of untraditional pathogens increased with the severity of chronic respiratory failure,infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains led to higher mortality in ACRF.

Objective Transforming growth factor-β( TGF-β) can regulate the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) inhibitors, thus affecting the reconstruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) after lung in-jury.So far, little is known about the regulation of TGF-β1 and MMPs/TIMPs ratio in endotoxin-induced lung injury as well as about the exact mechanisms of ECM reconstruction disorders .This study was to investigate the effects of TGF-β1 antibodies on the expressions of MMP and TIMP inhibitors and lung injury fibrosis in rats with endotoxin-induced acute lung injury . Methods Fifty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, normal (n=16), LPS (n=20), and LPS+TGF-β1(L+T, n=20).The rats of the LPS and L+T groups received intraperitoneal and intra-tracheal injection of endotoxin to induce lung injury fibrosis , the latter intrave-nously injected with TGF-β1 antibodies previously .The normal rats received intra-tracheal and intra-abdominal injection of the same a-mount of saline.At 1, 5, 9 and 14 days after modeling, all the rats were killed and blood and lung tissue samples obtained to detect the wet/dry lung tissue ( W/D ) ratio, diffuse alveolar damage ( DAD) score, hydroxyproline activity ( Hpy) , and the expressions of TGF-β1 , MMP-2 and TIMP-1. Results The DAD score, Hpy ac-tivity, and expressions of TGF-β1 , MMP-2 and TIMP-1 were signifi-cantly higher in the LPS group than in the normal control ( P <
0.05), and so were the DAD score, Hpy activity, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 in the L+T group than in the controls (P<0.05).Com-pared with the LPS group, Hpy, TGF-β1 and TIMP-1 were markedly decreased in the L +T group (P<0.05).The expression of MMP-2 was gradually increased at 1, 5 and 9 days after modeling , reaching the peak at 9 days and then beginning to decline .The Hpy activity, TGF-β1 and TIMP-1 expressions kept rising after modeling . Conclusion The MMP/TIMP imbalance and ECM reconstruc-tion disorders mediated by the TGF-β1 signaling pathway may be an important cause of fibrosis in endotoxin-induced lung injury . TGF-β1 antibodies can exert a protective effect by alleviating lung injury fibrosis .

Objective To detect the expression of Per2 and VEGF in NSCLC tissue,and analyze its clinical significance.Methods The expression of Per2 and VEGF was measured in 60 NSCLC and 20 normal lung tissue by immunohistochemistry assay,then the relation with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of Per2 in NSCLC and in normal lung tissue were 71.7％ and 95.0％ ( x2 =4.683,P ＜0.05 ),while the positive expression rate of VEGF were 58.3％ and 15％ (x2 =11.295,P ＜ 0.01 ).The negative expression of Per2 in NSCLC was correlated with pathological differentiation or TNM stage( x2 =4.413,6.179,all P ＜0.05),while the positive expression of VEGF in NSCLC was correlated with pathological differentiation or lymphatic metastasis (x2 =6.524,P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of Per2 was negatively correlated with the expression of VEGF in NSCLC (r =-0.381,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion The overexpression of VEGF in NSCLC may contribute to invasion and metastasis,while Per2 may be a beneficial prognosis factor in patients with NSCLC.