Objective To evaluate the usefulness of MRI in the diagnosis of adenomyosis. Methods Sagittal Turbo SE T 1WI, T 2WI, T 1SPIR and T 2SPIR MRI examination were performed on 30 cases with adenomyosis. Results The lesions in 12 cases with diffuse adenomyosis were demonstrated as diffusely thickened junctional zone (JZ) measured 10～35 mm (mean 18 mm) On T 2WI. 6 of them were of homogenous hypointensity. Another six had hyperintensive foci within the hypointensive lesions on T 2WI, and these hyperintensive foci could also be found on T 1WI in 5 lesions. 23 focal lesions (adenomyomas) in 18 cases were oval, irregular or round masses with hypointensity that were the same as the intensity of JZ on T 2WI. They were from 2.0-7.5 cm in diameter (mean 3.9 cm), and all but one showed ill-defined margins. 15 masses hadhyperintensive foci within the hypointensive lesions on T 2WI and 12 of 15 presented hyperintensity on T 1WI. The diffusely thickened JZ and focal masses correspond to the hyperplastic and hypertrophic musculature around the heterotopic endometrial islands. The hyperintensive foci were correlated with the heterotopic endometrial islands. The hyperintensive foci showed only on T 2WI corresponded to the heterotopic endometrial islands without hemorrhage. The hyperintensive foci shown on both T 2WI and T 1WI were the heterotopic endometrial islands with hemorrhage. Conclusion MRI is the modality of choice for the diagnosis of adenomyosis. T 2WI is the most useful sequence. T 2WI combining with T 1WI, T 1SPIR, and T 2SPIR can improve the accuracy in the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Objective To observe the normal configuration and size of the third ventricle in the second and third trimester fetuses in a normal population by ultrasonography. Methods The third ventricular width and configuration were obtained by antenatal ultrasonography in 765 fetuses with gestational age between 27 weeks and term.The relationship Between the width and the gestational age was analyzed.Results The third ventricle width 0～3 mm and showed the increased tendency; the correlation coefficient ( r ) between the width of the third ventricle and the gestationl week was 0.473 ( P＜0.01).The third ventricle was seen as a single echogenic line in 8(4.8%) of 165 fetuses, 145(61.5%) of all fetuses had parallel echogenic lines outlining a fluid-filled lumen, the V-shaped configuration of the third ventricle was seen in 12(7.3%) of the fetuses.Conclusions The third ventricle width shows the increased tendency in the second and third trimester.The parallel echogenic line becomes the prominent ultrasonography appearance in the second and third trimester fetuses.It's usefull to observe the normal ultrasonic apperance of the third ventricle in diagnosing the fetal central nervous abnormities.

A 8-channel neural signal′s simultaneous transducer detection micro system was developed to research the neural loop located at the brain hippocampus zone. The components of the system contained the neural probe manufactured with the Micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technique based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, biological low noise chopper-stabilization amplifier, low noise and intermediate speed SAR-ADC converter, reduced and low power ASK/FSK modulation radio transmitter. The micro system was applicable with the characters of small volume, interferences free, neural electrophysiology and neurotransmitter simultaneous detection, high sensitivity, high linearity, etc. The electrode resistance was optimized to 35.0 kΩ after depositing nanometer platinum black on the 4 electrophysiological sites on the Pt electrode. With the modification enzyme technique, nanomaterial enzyme membrane (Pt-mPD-GluOx) was directly fixed on the glutamate detection locus for selectively detecting special neural neurotransmitter matter. In addition, the electrochemistry measurement results indicated that the linear range of glutamate was 6-35 μmol/L with correlation coefficient of 0.97, the sensitivity was 0.0069 pA/(μmol/L). The current response error was less than 3.0 pA, which showed that the neural needle satisfied differential selection. Also, the logic/analog mixed signal 180-nm Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC ) technique (SmicRF180 nm 1Poly6M) was used to manufacture the transducer back-end disposing IC chip, and the test results provided some key parameters such as chopper-stabilization amplifier (equivalent in putting noise voltage ≤0.7 μV rms@1 kHz, gain of 71-82 dB, CMRR/PSRR>100 dB), SAR-ADC (ENOB is 12 bits, power consumption is 1.2 mW when maxmium conversion speed is 1 Msps, signal-noise-ratio is 60.9 dB, etc), and ASK/FSK modulation radio transmitter (the PA′s outputting power of 4-5 dBm, the radiation range of 10 meters). The micro neural transducer integrated system was convenient and wireless wearable for the research of brain hippocampus region.

Objective To explore the effects of polystyrene microplastics(PS-MPs)on the growth,activity,oxida-tive stress levels,biofilm formation and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae.Methods Klebsiella pneumoniae was exposed to PS-MPs at different concentrations(10,50 and 100 μg/ml)and particle sizes(0.1,1.0 and 5.0 μm),and the growth curves were measured.The bacterial activity was determined by CCK-8(cell counting kit-8).The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)was determined by fluorescence probe.The biofilm forming ability was determined by crystal violet staining.Real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the relative expression levels of biofilm-forming genes(luxS,mrkA,wbbM,pgaA,wzm)and viru-lence genes(ureA,uge,wabG,fimH).Results A high concentration(100 μg/ml)of 0.1 μm PS-MPs had a stronger inhibitory effect on the growth and activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae,and the intracellular ROS level signifi-cantly increased,indicating that smaller particle size and higher concentration of PS-MPs were more toxic to bacte-ria.PS-MPs of 100 μg/ml particle size groups(0.1,1.0 and 5.0 μm)significantly promoted the biofilm forma-tion of Klebsiella pneumoniae.The relative expression levels of biofilm formation related genes(luxS,mrkA,wbbM,pgaA,wzm)and virulence genes(ureA,uge,wabG,fimH)increased.Conclusion By inducing Kleb-siella pneumoniae to produce a high level of ROS,PS-MPs can cause oxidative stress,inhibit the growth and activi-ty of bacteria,and enhance the biofilm formation ability and virulence,thus affecting the biological characteristics of Klebsiae pneumoniae.