The ubiquitously expressed family of Id(inhibitor of differentiation) helix-loop-helix(HLH) proteins function as dominant negative regulators of basic HLH (bHLH) transcriptional regulators. In eukaryotic organisms, Id proteins have been implicated in development, cell differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and migration. Recent studies revealed that Id proteins are not only significantly correlated with cancer progression and prognosis, but also exploited as a tumor therapeutic target. The roles of Id proteins in tumorigenesis were reviewed and the opportunities of Id proteins in cancer targeted therapy were discussed.

Objective To observe the effect of pentylenetetrazole(PTZ)-kindled epliepsy on rat's learning and memory and the expression of calmodulin dependent protein kinaseⅡ(CaMKⅡ)in hippocampal neurons.Methods The rats were injected intraperitoneally with PTZ to establish the kindled models.The changes of behavior were evaluated through Morris water maze and the expression of ?-CaMKⅡ in hippocampal neurons was observed by immunohistochemistry technique.Results The Morris water maze test showed that the escape latency and the swimming distance in PTZ-kindled rats increased significantly(P

Objective To investigate the combination application of the intracranial buried electrode and electrical stimulation techniques in excising the epileptogenic zone in the central zone.Methods Seven patients with epileptogenic zone located close to or in the central zone of brain were recruited in the present study.The lone term ECoG monitoring and electrical stimulation of the codex were performed to identify the epileptogenic zone and the central zone of the brain after patients received intracranial electrode implants.The epileptogenic zone was excised with maximum preservation of the cen-tral zone.The patients were follow-up for 6 to 12 months,the outcomes were evaluated based on the Engel's scale and the Karnofsky(KPS)score.Results Seven patients did not experience any seizures and their Engei's and KPS scores were markedly improve after operation.Conclusions Intracranial buried electrodes and cortical electrical stimulation can guide the resection of epileptogenic zone in the central zone.Patients have no seizure and no serious dysfunction after operation and their quality of life was improved markedly.

Objective To investigate the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and the therapeutic role of proline dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Method SD rats weighed 200～ 250 g were randomly(random number) divided into sham operation group (A group, n = 18), ALI group (B group, n = 18) and PDTC treatment group (C group, n = 18). The model of SAP was eastablished by injecting 1 mL/kg of sodium tauarocholate into the pancreatic capsule of the rats in B group and C group. The model rats in C group were treated with PDTC one hour after modeling. Six rats of each group were sacrificed 6 h,12 h, and 24 hours after modeling. The histopathological changes in lung and pancreas were observed. The levels of NF-κB p65 and PUMA in lung were detected by using Western blotting, and the expressions of bcl-2, bax and caspase-3 mRNA in the lung were detected by using RT-PCR. The lung tissue was taken for examination under transmission electron microscope. TUNEL was used for detection of apoptotic alveolar epithelial cells. Results Six to 24 hours after modeling, the pathological scores in lung of ALI group were significantly higher than those of control group and PDTC group after sodium taurocholate injection ( P ＜ 0.05). The levels of NF-κB p65 and PUMA, and the expressions of bax and caspase3 mRNA in ALI group at different intervals were higher than those in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05),whereas the expression of bcl-2 mRNA in ALI group was lower than that in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜0.05). The NF-κB p65 was correlated closely and positively with PUMA ( r= 0.987, P ＜ 0.01). Higher activity of caspase-3 acrtive units was seen in ALI group than that in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05). The microvilli disappeared in ALI group 24 hours later. The apoptosis index in ALI group was higher than that in control group and PDTC group ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells of rats in ALI group is caused by PUMA activated by NF-κB. PDTC treatment can inhibit apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells of rats in ALI group by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB.

Objective To investigate expression of slug and E-cadherin in pancreatic cancer tissues and determine the inhibitory effects of anti-Slug, an anti-sense plasmid, on the invasion of pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Methods Slug and E-cadherin protein and mRNA was analyzed by IHP and RT-PCR in 36 cases of pancreatic cancer. Then anti-Slug plasmid was transfected into herin and Slug expression. The inhibitory effects of anti-sense Slug were also detected by Transwell motility assay and Matrigel invasion assay. Results The expression of Slug and mRNA in metastatic pancreatic cancer tissue was higher than that in non-metastatic tissue. E-cadherin and mRNA was lower in metastasis tissues(P＜0.05). The inverse relationships were further observed by transient transfection of anti-Slug into SW1990H4 cells. The downregulated expression of Slug and re-expression of E-cadherin were found. The Slug mRNA levels were 0.985±0.016,0.973±0.014, 0. 554±0. 011 after 0, 48 h of transfection of anti-sense Slug, and that of E-cadherin were 0.120±0.001, 0.360±0.002, 0. 727±0. 006, respectively. The diference was significant between different time points (P＜0.05). The Slug mRNA levels were 0. 206±0.017, 0.968±0.015, and that of E-cadherin were 0. 18±0.002,0.727±0.006 after stable transfection of anti-sense Slug, and control plasmid, respectively. The diference was significant (P＜0.05). The motility activity(393±28, 352±24, 96 ±13 )and the invasion activity (223 ± 69, 202 ± 64, 65 ±19) of1 antisense Slug transfectant cells were significantly decreased as compared with those of control cells (P＜0.05). Conclusions Higher expression of slug and lower expression of E-cadherin is related to the invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer. A reverse corelation of E-cadherin and Slug expression exists in pancreatic cancer. Slug is possibly a potential target for cancer gene therapy blocking invasion and metastasis in human pancreatic cancer.

Objective To investigate the lens and pituitary dose impacted by additional filtration and collection field in head and neck DSA examinations. Methods All images were acquired by a Philips ALLura Xper FD 20 DSA machine. The combination of the different collection fields (48 cm, 42 cm, 31 cm, 22 cm) and additional filtrations (0.9 mmCu+1.0 mmAl, 0.4 mmCu+1.0 mmAl, 0.1 mmCu+1.0 mmAl) were adjusted when the anthropomorphic phantom filled with dosimeter was scanned in anterioposterior and lateral positions with 2D?DSA and 3D?DSA. The dose area product (DAP), air kerma (AK) and the radiation dose values of bilateral lens and pituitary were measured and recorded. The 2D and 3D?DSA regional absorption dose on lens and pituitary were analyzed using t' test, the correlations between DAP and AK parameters and different regional absorption doses were evaluated by Pearson rank correlation coefficient. Results Absorption doses of left lens, right lens and pituitary with 2D?DSA (n=12) were as following:(2.77 ± 0.68), (6.23 ± 3.54), (8.65 ± 2.62) mGy, while the parameters with 3D?DSA (n=12) were (1.78 ± 0.82), (2.18±1.15), (3.32±0.64) mGy, respectively;the results revealed a significant difference (t'=3.20, 3.76 and 6.85, P<0.01). DAP [(8 739±5 731) mGy·cm2] had a relationship with absorption dose of pituitary, left lens and right lens [(5.988 ± 3.299),( 2.258 ± 0.872),( 4.207 ± 3.303) mGy, r values were 0.766, 0.684, 0.727; P<0.01]. AK values was (31 ± 23) mGy and it had a relationship with pituitary absorption dose (r value was 0.894, P<0.01). The lens dose was reduced when the additional filtration was increased and the collection field was decreased, the radiation dose of the pituitary was reduced when both the additional filtration and the collection field were increased. Conclusions In the head and neck DSA examinations, the radiation dose of the lens and the pituitary had different changes with the different additional filters and collecting fields. The organ dose with 3D?DSA was significantly less than that with 2D?DSA.

Objective To study the impact of setup error caused by computed tomography ( CT) images with different resolutions in the Sentinel system on clinical treatment. Methods A phantom was scanned by large?aperture positioning CT with two different resolutions ( CT1:0. 5 mm × 0. 5 mm × 1. 0 mm, FOV 256 mm, Matrix 512, thickness 1 mm;CT3:1. 0 mm×1. 0 mm×3. 0 mm, FOV 500 mm, Matrix 512, thickness 3 mm) . The CT images were transferred to the planning system. The radiation fields were designed and transferred to MOSAIQ and Sentinel systems. Ten fixed setup errors were applied to a six degree of freedom couch. The Sentinel system was used to position the two groups of CT images and generate the setup errors. The comparison of two datasets was made by paired t?test. Cone?beam CT was used for independent verification. Results The setup errors in x?, y?, and z?directions were significantly smaller on CT1 than on CT3(0.19±0. 11 vs. 0.33±0. 16 mm, P=0. 061;0.59±0. 79 vs. 1.07±1. 09 mm, P=0. 008;0.67±0. 75 vs. 1.16±1. 30 mm, P=0. 043). There were no significant differences in rotational errors in x?, y?, or z?directions between the two datasets ( P=0. 494;P=0. 182;P=0. 298) . Conclusions The Sentinel system has a higher setup accuracy in the 0. 5 mm×0. 5 mm×1. 0 mm mode than in the 1. 0 mm×1. 0 mm×3. 0 mm mode. However, the later mode is still an acceptable choice in clinical treatment.

BACKGROUND: Measuring result of the lower limb alignment is often influenced by various factors, such as femoral bowing angle (FBA) in different positions.OBJECTIVE: To measure the FBA and femoral valgus correction angle (VCA) in different positions after CT reconstruction of lower limb model, and simulating X-ray examination, and to explore the rule of FBA affecting lower limb alignment.METHODS: Twenty patients undergoing CT angiography of lower extremity artery were enrolled, three-dimensional reconstruction of low limb was established on Mimics13.0 software based on CT data, and the FBA in standard posture was determined. All patients were divided into groups A (FBA > 2°), B (2° > FBA > 0°), C (0° > FBA > -2°) and D (FBA <-2°) (n=5 per group). Then each model was revolved through the vertical axis from 20° of internal rotation to 20° of external rotation by 2° for one motion, and 21 three-dimensional images were transformed into two-dimensional images to obtain the X-ray images of low limb. FBA and VCA in different positions were measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The outcome measurements showed that FBA tended to be decreased in internal rotation and increased in external rotation. (2) VCA tended to be increased in external rotation and decreased in internal rotation. (3) FBA was positively correlated with VCA in the different positions (P < 0.01). (4) These results suggest that FBA can be altered with rotation and even expose influence on VCA. The bigger FBA is, the more influence on the lower limb alignment. Therefore, it is advisable to conduct the full length X-ray of lower limb in a standard posture, especially for the patients with larger FBA.

Objective To investigate the effect of different additional filtration thickness of DSA on image quality and radiation dose with cerebral angiography. Methods Prospective collected 90 patients with DSA examination of the whole cerebral artery, patients were divided into A, B and C group according to the time of the examination, each group included 30 cases. Patients underwent conventional DSA, the additional filtration of group A, B and C were (1.0 mmAl+0.1 mmCu), (1.0 mmAl+0.4 mmCu) and (1.0 mmAl+0.9 mmCu), respectively. Dose area product (DAP), air kerma (AK), tube current and tube voltage of anteroposterior and lateral radiography of the whole brain were recorded, and scored the image quality. Eye lens organ dose values were obtained by using simulation phantom and LiF dosemeter under A, B and C groups with three different additional filtrations for cerebral angiography. The image quality scores and the radiation dosewere analyzed by one-way ANOVA tests or Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results The image quality comprehensive score of three groups showed significant difference (F=40.07,P<0. 01), which were (3.8±0.4), (3.6 ± 0.5) and (3.0 ± 0.6), respectively. The DAP and AK value of anteroposterior and lateral radiography of three groups also showed significant difference (P<0.05), B and C group were lower than the A group. Left and right eye lens organ dose were decreased along with the increase of the additional filtration thickness, and the difference between the 3 groups also had significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion Both the image quality and radiation dose can acquire when conducted the whole brain DSA with 1.0 mmAl+0.4 mmCu additional filtration.

Objective To investigate radiological imaging tele-consultation in clinical application. Methods All cases of the tele-consultation analyzed retrospectively came from the Hospital′s telemedicine center from January to December of 2015. The statistical analysis covered the level of applying hospital, modality type of imaging,inspection area,as well as the timing and purpose of the consultation.Results A total of 179 medical institutions required image consultation in 2015,most of which secondary hospitals,up to 58.66%. A total of 2 454 cases were consulted,including X-ray of 278 cases (11.33%),CT of 1 353 cases (55.13%), and MRI of 823 cases (33.54%). Purposes of tele-consultation vary from differential diagnosis of 1 602 cases(65.28%),definitive diagnosis of 766 cases(31.21%),and confirmative review of 86 cases (3.51%). 90.59% of the consultation cases were finished within 24 hours. Conclusions Radiological imaging tele-consultation could offer local hospitals with diagnosis efficiently effectively. On one hand,this service saves patients'costs and gains time for treatment. On the other,it makes primary hospitals more efficient in radiological imaging diagnosis.