ObjectiveTo explore the personality traits on higher vocational students with mathematics learning difficulties(MD).MethodsAll students of three grades in their first year were divided into MD students ( n =486) and outstanding students ( n =407 ) according to their final math scores.Cattell's 16 PF Questionnaires was used to assess the personality.ResultsStudents with MD got significantly higher records in personality factors of aggressiveness (6.59 ± 1.94 ),excitability ( 7.29 ± 2.24 ),sensitivity ( 5.85 ± 1.98 ),suspicion ( 3.51 ±2.03 ),fantasy(5.76 ± 1.86 ),urbane ( 5.81 ± 1.75 ),tense ( 5.63 ± 2.05 ),adapting and anxiety type ( 4.49 ±2.23 ),introverted and expert-oriented type(7.59 ± 2.43 ),and cowardice and decisive type ( 5.04 ± 1.62 ) than outstanding students(P＜0.05) ;however,they got lower records in personality factors of steadiness(5.89 ±2.19),perseverance (4.41 ± 1.98 ),independence ( 3.74 ± 1.77 ),emotional with unruffled alert type ( 5.51 ± 1.81 ),professional achievements (52.72 ± 10.66),growth ability in new environments ( 18.78 ± 3.91 ) (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionHigher vocational students with MD have sensitive,suspicious,nervous,anxious,exoscopic,excited,fantasy personalities,lacking self-control,elasticity,carefulness and constancy.