OBJECTIVETo explore therapeutic effects of Modified pinning combined with external tension band for the treatment of Gartland type III humeral supracondylar fractures in children.

METHODSFrom February 2009 to November 2010, 79 children with Gartland type III humeral supracondylar fractures were treated by modified pinning (pinning cross internal and external condyle assisted with lateral condyle) combined with external tension band (crossing needle end and hooking around) through lateral approach of elbow. There were 47 males and 32 females, with an average age of 8.7 years (ranging from 2.5 to 14 years). The time from injury to operation was 2 h to 8 d. The elbow joint function and Carrying angle were observed before and after treatment. The Flynn criteria were used to evaluate therapeutic effects.

RESULTSSixty-one patients were followed up (18 patients' data were lost) for 6-30 months (mean 13.5 months). According to Flynn criteria, 53 patients got excellent result, 7 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONTreatment of child Gartland type III humeral supracondylar fractures with modified pinning combined with external tension band through lateral approach of elbow is believed to be an ideal method, which has advantages of reliable fixation, rapid recovery and less complications.

Adolescent ; Bone Nails ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Male ; Mechanical Phenomena ; Radiography ; Treatment Outcome

Endoscopes ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; surgery ; Nasal Septum ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Rhinoplasty ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the status of the anxiety and depression in the inpatients of the otolaryngology with hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADs). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2014 to September 2016 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University. We recruited 624 Chinese otolaryngology's inpatients to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression using the HADs. HADs consists of 14 items, depression(seven items) and anxiety(seven times), each with four choices numbered alphabetically. Each of the subscales' scores ranges from 0 to 21, corresponding to total scores of 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating greater distress. Psychological distress was assessed for adult inpatients among the department of otolaryngology by a standardized HADs. In addition, the nasal bone fracture patients were treated as control and compared it to other diseases. Demographic data and clinical information collected from the patients and their hospital records were reviewed. RESULTS 1. Patients with sensorineural hearing loss, secretory otitis media, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, peripheral facial paralysis, chronic sinusitis, polyp of vocal cord, laryngeal paralysis, fungal sinusitis and OSAHS revealed depressive and anxiety symptoms in comparison with the control. 2. Psychological distress of patients with sensorineural hearing loss and laryngeal paralysis were significantly related to education, which the anxiety or depression scores tended to increase with the education(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Depression and anxiety disorders were common in the local population of otolaryngology's inpatients. Recognizing the predictors for psychiatric morbidity could assist clinicians to identify those patients with a predisposition to developing psychiatric complications, and refer them for appropriate treatment. We recommend screening for psychological distress in patients with some otolaryngological diseases using a simple HAD tool to identify those patients who might benefit from a more psychologically based approach to therapy.

Objective To investigate the value of urinary calprotectin in differential diagnosis between prerenal and intrinsic pediatric acute renal injury(AKI).Methods A total of 68 cases with AKI were enrolled in this study,and they were divided into prerenal AKI group(25 cases) and intrinsic AKI group(43 cases) according to their tissue perfusion.The general data was collected,and the blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinie(Scr),BUN/Scr,potassium,fractional excretion of filtrated sodium(FENa),urine osmotic pressure,B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP),urinary calprotectin,neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL),kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1) were recorded and compared between the 2 groups.Results There were significant differences between prerenal AKI group and intrinsic AKI group in Scr[(439.0 ± 278.0) μmol/L vs.(603.0 ± 286.0) μmol/L,t =2.30,P ＜ 0.05],BUN/Scr (20.58 ±5.62 vs.14.93 ±4.32,t =4.65,P＜0.05),FENa[(1.5 ±0.6)％ vs.(8.1 ±2.6)％,t =12.46,P＜ 0.05],BNP[95.6(54.0,109.4) ng/L vs.512.3(320.1,520.3) ng/L,Z =2.21,P ＜0.05],urinary calprotectin [20.7(4.3,42.4) μg/L vs.402.4(60.1,498.7) μg/L,Z=3.13,P＜0.05] and NGAL[74.9(14.5,365.5) μg/L vs.684.2(56.2,1 502.5) μg/L,Z =2.35,P ＜0.05].Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that urinary calprotectin[area under the curve(AUC) =0.940] and BNP(AUC =0.909) both had higher value in differential diagnosis.When the cut off value of calprotectin was 240.6 μg/L,its specificity was 96.0％ and the sensitivity was 86.0％.When the cut off value of BNP was 120.6 ng/L,its specificity was 92.0％ and the sensitivity was 90.7％.The diagnostic accuracy was low in Scr,but moderate in BUN,Scr,FENa and NGAL.BUN,potassium,urine osmotic pressure and Kim-1 had no diagnostic value.Conclusions Urinary calprotectin may have higher diagnostic value in the differential diagnosis between prerenal and intrinsic pediatric AKT.It can be used in the clinical diagnosis as a reference index.

Objective To observe the expressions of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) at different stages of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,and to investigate the relationship between IP-10 with hepatic inflammation activity and hepatitis aggravation.Methods Fifteen chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients,15 asymptomatic HBV carriers (AsC) and 15 chronic severe hepatitis B (CSHB) patients were enrolled in the study from January 2010 to December 2011 in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University.The liver samples were collected by percutaneous needle biopsy or from liver transplantation.The IFN-γ and IP-10 mRNA expressions were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Localization and hemi-quantitative analysis of IFN-γand IP-10 proteins were performed by immunohistochemistry staining.Concentrations of serum IFN-γ and IP-10 were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).HBV markers and liver function were also evaluated for each patient.Results Serum IFN-y and IP-10 concentrations increased significantly in CHB [(415.27±145.52) ng/L and (6.98± 1.12) ng/L,respectively] and CSHB [(658.33 ± 213.52) ng/L and (10.78 ± 1.19) ng/L,respectively] patients compared with AsC [(142.09 ± 47.64) ng/L and (2.4 7 ± 0.60) ng/L,respectively] patients,and were highest in CSHB patients (F=43.48,256.98 ;both P＜0.05).Meanwhile,intrahepatic IFN-γ and IP-10 mRNA and protein expressions paralleled with IFN-γ and IP-10 concentrations in the serum,which was highest in CSHB patients,followed by CHB and AsC patients (F＝693.85,210.21,433.05,214.46; all P＜0.05).Furthermore,Spearman linear correlation analysis showed that serum IP-10 level was positively correlated with both hepatic inflammation activity and serum IFN-γ concentration in CHB and CSHB patients (r =0.76 and r 0.77,respectively;both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions IP-10,one important immunologic marker of regulating anti HBV activation,indicates progression from immune tolerance phase to immune clearance phase.Furthermore,it may affect the degree of inflammation and hepatitis aggravation.

A nest RT-PCR/restriction test has been developed in order to distinguish the lapinised vaccine strain from field isolates of classical swine fever virus. The restriction enzyme cut sites mapping of the major coding sequence of E2 gene lapinised vaccine strain and ShiMen strain of classical swine fever virus have been compared. Ten and sixteen unique restriction markers have been found in the lapinised vaccine strain and ShiMen strain. The restriction enzyme cut sites mapping of the twenty six unique restriction marker in the major coding sequence of E2 gene of 17 classical swine fever field isolates have been analyzed. Only 3 sites (HgaI、Hin8I及Hsp92I) are present in the lapinised vaccine strain sequence. Two pans of nested primers and a criteria of analysis have been designed for HgaI restriction marker site. The tests have been conducted first on the lapinised vaccine strain and ShiMen strain of classical swine fever virus resulting in predicted restrection patterns. Finally, the tests have been applied to 5 field isolates of different gene group analyzed by phylogenetic study. The result showed that only HCLV strain gene can be cut to 2 fragment by Hgal , and ShiMen strain and 5 field isolates cant be cut At the same time the sensitivity and specificity of nest RT-PCR have been tested. The sensitivity is 0. 2MLD. The specific fragment of BDV and BVDV were not obtained by the nest RT-PCR. These results showed that the development of the nest RT-PCR/restriction tests is very important for the control and perish of classical swine fever in china.

Objective To observe the effects of astragaloside Ⅳ on electrocardiogram (ECG) and action potential of ventricular myocytes in guinea pigs. Methods ECG was recorded in vivo and ex vivo by using conventional ECG recording method from anesthetic guinea pigs and Langendoff perfusion model of hearts. Action potentials were recorded from isolated papillary muscles of right ventricles of guinea pigs by using microelectrode techniques. Results RR interval was prolonged by Astragaloside Ⅳ in a dose-dependent manner both in vivo and ex vivo. Astragaloside Ⅳ shortened action potential duration (APD), while had no effects on resting potential, action potential amplitude and maximal rate of depolarization. Conclusion Astragaloside Ⅳ exerts a negative chronotropic effect on heart and shortens APD of cardiac myocytes, which may be involved with calcium channels.

Objective To establish an efficient HPLC method for the determination of uric acid in plasma of hyperuricemia model mice,and the evaluation of uric acid lowering effect of Lesinurad.Methods The Laballiance Series Ⅲ HPLC system was adopted with Kromasil C18 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.5％ acetic acid (10:90) for isocratic elution with a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 283 nm.The established HPLC method was used to detect the plasma uric acid level of mice at 0.5,1.0,and 2.0 h time points after which being ip injected with 250 and 500 mg/kg uric acid.Lesinurad of 250 and 500 mg/kg was ig given to mice,0.5 h later,mice were ip injected with 500 mg/kg uric acid to establish hyperuricemia model,and 1 h later,the established HPLC method was used to detect the plasma uric acid level of mice.Results There was a good linear relationship between peak area and the concentration of plasma uric acid in the range of 7.5-150 μg/mL (r =0.997).The specificity,repeatability,precision,stability,and recovery of the established HPLC method was in accordance with the guiding rules of biological sample determination.Compared with the endogenous serum uric acid concentration of control group mice,serum uric acid concentration of 250 mg/kg dose group was significantly increased 0.5 h after ip administration with uric acid (P ＜ 0.01),and serum uric acid concentration of 500 mg/kg dose group was significantly increased 0.5,1.0,and 2.0 h after ip administration with uric acid.Compared with model group,the concentration of uric acid in plasma decreased significantly in low dosage group administered with Lesinurad (P ＜ 0.05),while decreased more significantly in high dosage group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion This convenient,rapid,and accurate method can be applied to the determination of uric acid in mouse plasma and the evaluation of relative drugs,which provide an efficient analysis way for establishing hyperuricemia model and screening relative drugs.

Objective To investigate the differences of expression and activation of natural killer (NK) cell G2D (NKG2D) in patients with different immune status of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and to explore the significance of NKG2D-mediated immune injury in HBV infection.Methods Fifteen chronic HBV carriers (immune tolerance),15 chronic hepatitis B (CHB, immune activation) patients, 15 HBV-related acute/subacute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF, immune over-activation) patients were enro1led in this study from January 2010 to December 2011 in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University.The frequencies of NK cells and NKG2D+ NK cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were detected by flow cytometry.The NKG2D mRNA expressions were measured by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Localization and hemi-quantitative analysis of NKG2D+ cells in liver tissue were performed by immunohistochemistry staining.Concentrations of serum interferon(IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, perforin and granzyme B were quantified by enzyme 1inked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Normally distributed continuous variables were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Student-Newman-Keuls q test for evaluating variances between each two groups.For non-normally distributed data or heterogeneity of variance, differences between groups were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test, followed by Nemenyi test for pairwise comparisons.Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables.Results The percentages of NK cells in PBMC were (13.58±3.24)% in healthy controls, (5.42±2.18)% in chronic HBV carriers, (7.92±2.85)% in HBV-ACLF group and (8.43±2.92)% in CHB group.The percentage of NK cells in PBMCs was lower in each chronic HBV-infected group compared with healthy controls (F=22.04, P<0.05).The frequency of NKG2D+ NK cells in HBV-ACLF group (18.92±5.85)% was the highest, followed by CHB group (12.85±3.39)%, healthy controls (8.45±2.86)%, and chronic HBV carriers (3.36±1.05%), with the statistically significant differences between each two groups (H=46.09, P<0.01).Intrahepatic NKG2D mRNA expression and NKG2D+ cells density were highest in HBV-ACLF group (6.58±1.86 and 30.69±6.67, respectively), followed by CHB group (3.25±0.95 and 17.36±4.13, respectively) and chronic HBV carriers (0.69±0.20 and 3.16±1.24, respectively), with the statistically significant differences between each two groups (H=52.10 and 52.73 respectively, both P<0.01).The similar patterns were observed in serum IFN-γ, TNF-α, perforin and granzyme B concentrations.Conclusions NKG2D expresses variously in patients with different immune status of chronic HBV infection.Activation of NKG2D may take part in the immune pathogenesis of chronic HBV infection.

In order to develop a safer vaccine strain exploit Salmonella Pullorum vaccine strain as a live vaccine vector.Methods:AΔcrpΔasd mutant of S.pullorum C79-13 strain was constructed and it was developed E.coli donor strain mutant was generated through the two-step method introduced by χ7213 ( pREΔasd) was conjugated with the recipient of C 79-13Δcrp.The C79-13ΔcrpΔasd the transduction of recombinant suicide plasmid .Results:PCR and sequencing results showed that ΔsipBSL1344 was suc-cessfully constructed.The further study indicated that foreign DAP must be supplied for the ΔcrpΔasd mutant to grow,in addition,the asd gene was transmitted stably .Compared with C79-13 strain,the O antigens was identical to C79-13 strain,but the growth velocity was reduced significantly ,significantly reduced virulence .Conclusion: The ΔcrpΔasd mutant can accept asd+plasmid to construct host-vector balance lethal system , and this system can be used to express foreign gene efficiently and to develop potential oral multivalent vaccines.