AIM:To explore the effect of aldosterone on visfatin gene expression and secretion in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes or adipocytes.METHODS:Aldosterone at concentration of 10-8 or 10-6 mol/L with or without 10-6 mol/L spironolactone was added to cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes or adipocytes for 24 h or 48 h.The mRNA levels of visfatin and mineralocorticoid receptor were measured using real time PCR.The concentration of visfatin in the culture medium was determined by ELISA.RESULTS:In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes treated with aldosterone,the mRNA expression of visfatin reduced and the mRNA expression of mineralocorticoid receptor(MR) increased,but the concentration of visfatin in culture medium was not regulated significantly by aldosterone.In adipocytes with aldosterone treatment,the mRNA expression of visfatin and visfatin concentration in culture medium reduced,and mRNA expression of MR increased.The effect of aldosterone was blocked by spironolactone to some extent.CONCLUSION:Aldosterone inhibits the gene expression and protein secretion of visfatin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Objective To investigate relationship between adiponectin and cardiac damage induced by aldosterone in SD rats. Methods Male SD rats were treated with aldosterone infusion for 4 weeks, systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured every week. At the end of experiment, the myocardial structure was observed, the levels of adiponectin in plasma and adiponectin mRNA expression of adipose tissue in epididymal fat pad were measured. 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with 10-8 and 10-6 moL/L aldosterone for 24 and 48 h, adiponectin mRNA expressions and adiponectin concentrations in culture medium were measured. Results Aldosterone induced only a slight increase in the SBP of SD rats[(123±7)mm Hg, P<0.05]. However, aldosterone significantly induced cardiac ultrastructure changes, such as mitochondrial swelling and disordered internal structures. Furthermore, the level of plasma adiponectin decreased 22.8% after aldosterone treatment for 4 weeks ( P<0. 05 ). When 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 10-8 and 10-6 mol/L aldosterone for 24 h, adiponectin concentrations in culture medium decreased 21.8% and 27. 2%, respectively (P < 0. 05); for 48 h, adiponctin mRNA expressions decreased 22.1% and 37.4%, respectively ( P<0. 05 ). The effect of aldosterone was reversed by spironolactone,which was partly independent of SBP. Conclusions Low level of adiponectin may be involved in cardiac damage induced by aldosterone in SD rats.

Objective To evaluate the application effect of mind map in admission guidance of patients receiving gamma knife treatment.Methods 153 cases of hospitalized patients admitted in our hospital were selected for this study,which had been divided according to the random number table method,the observation group(77 cases) was guided with the hospital mind map method,and the control group (76 cases) was given traditional oral hospital instruction,respectively.The database was established for the double entry,calibration and data cleaning,which were obtained from the result of gamma knife treatment of intracranial tumor disease related knowledge questionnaire,hospital satisfaction questionnaire and also patient adherence questionnaire assessment.Results The comparison of knowledge assessment questionnaire outcome,the admission guide satisfaction questionnaire assessment,the patients compliance questionnaire assessment outcome showed that the observation group was significantly different from the control group.Conclusions Application of mind map in admission guidance for hospitalized patients was a more efficient method than the traditional oral admission instruction,the method is simple,practical and effective,which is worthy of clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the application of the ultrasonic guidance-assisted neonatal internal jugular vein catheterization.Methods Sixty two newborns (including low birth weight infants) receving thoracic/abdominal operation or resection of malignant tumor on the body-surface were randomly assigned to ultrasound guidance (UG) group or surface mark landmark(S) group.Newborns in both groups were all punctured with 22G venous indwelling needles to place the external casing,followed by the steel wire guidance-assisted implantation of ARROW 4F dual chamber central venous catheter.Then we compared the rate of successful insertion attempt,rate of malpositioning,complications and average operation time between the two groups.Results The rate of successful insertion attempt was 96.8%(30/31) in the UG group,significantly higher than that in the S group (32.3%,10/31),there was significant difference between the two groups(χ2=28.182,P=0.000).Malpositioning happened in 2 cases in the UG group,but 25 cases in the S group.Rate of complications was higher in the S group compared to the UG group (64.5% vs 3.2%,χ2=25.99,P=0.000).Most importantly,the average operation time was (4.366±1.137)min in the UG group,significantly shorter than that of the S group [(13.70±5.34)min,t=5.463,P=0.028)].ConclusionUltrasound guidance-assisted catheterization for neonatal internal jugular vein is safe and feasible and can dramatically improve the success rate and prevent complications.

Objective To explore the status of stress to the life affairs between Tibetan nursing students on 9+3 free education programs and mainland nursing students.According to the diversity of them,corresponding nursing interventions of mental health were put forward.Methods The questionnaire of Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Check List(ASLEC)was distributed to 120 nursing students in each group through random sampling,and the SPSS 17.0 statistical software package was used for data analysis.Results The scores of Tibetan nursing students were higher than mainland nursing students on factors of study pressure,personal relationship and health adaptation,which showed significant difference.The results of ASLEC showed that the scores of personal relationship,deserved punishment and loss in the Tibetan nursing students of 1st gradewere significantly higher than those in the Mainland nursing students of 1st grade score.The scores of study pressure in the Tibetan nursing students of 2nd grade were significantly higher than those in the Mainland nursing students of 2nd grade.The scores of personal relationship and health adaptation in Tibetan nursing students of 3rd grade were higher than those in the Mainland Nursing Students of 3rd grade score.Conclusions Influence of stress to the life affairs on psyche of Tibetan nursing students is outstanding in contrast to Mainland nursing students,and Tibetan nursing students were given directed intervention of mental health problem according to their risk factors of stress to the life affairs.

Objective To learn about the status of stress to the life affairs of Tibetan nursing students on 9+3 free Education Programs,and corresponding intervention of mental health problem were put forward.Methods 120 Tibetan nursing students through random sampling were evaluated with Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC).Results The average scores of items such as study pressure,interpersonal relationship and health adaptation were above the median level.The scores of interpersonal relationship,punishment and loss in the 1st grade were significantly higher than those in the 2nd grade and 3rd grade.The score of study pressure in the 2nd grade was higher compared with that in the other grades.In comparison with the other grades,the score of health adaptation in the 3rd grade was higher,and there was significant difference.Conclusions Influence of stress to the life affairs on psyche of Tibetan nursing students in different grades is different.Tibetan nursing students should be given directed intervention of mental health problem according to their risk factors of stress to the life affairs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the degenerative mechanisms of lumbar intervertebral disc (LID) and apoptosis.MethodsThe total RNAs were isolated from human LID tissues. Both the mRNAs from the degeneration and normal LID were reversely transcribed to the cDNAs. The cDNAs were labeled with the incorporations of fluorescent dUTP, for preparing the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the cDNA microarray. After high-stringent washing, the cDNA microarray was scanned for the fluorescent signals and analyzed by computer image analysis. The apoptotic status and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in 12 cases of degenerative LID and 10 cases of normal LID were detected with TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry methods.ResultsAmong the 4096 targets, there were 10 genes related to apoptosis. The expression related to Bax protein gene was up-regulated and it was down-regulated for Bcl-2 protein. In group of normal LID, the average apoptotic index (AI) was (24.897±3.620); percentage of Bcl-2 positive cells was (31.440±4.150)%; percentage of Bax positive cells was (29.372±2.588)%, average optical density (OD) values of positive particles were (0.183± 0.010 ), ( 0.203 ±0.012) and (0.169±0.005) respectively. In group of degenerative LID, the average AI was (49.232±3.440); percentage of Bcl-2 positive cells was (18.239±2.470)%; percentage of Bax positive cells was (52.349±3.764)%; average OD values of positive particles were (0.152±0.003), (0.310±0.008) and (0.262±0.014) respectively. There were significantly differences in AI and expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins between normal LID and degenerative LID (P<0.05).ConclusionCell apoptosis plays an important role in the process of LID degeneration. Both Bcl-2 and Bax take part in the occurrence and progression of LID.

Objective To investigate the effect of cyaniding?3?glucoside (Cy3G) on glucose and lipid metabolism in the APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods Seven?month?old APPswe/PS1ΔE9(PAP) mice were randomly divided into model group (PAP), Cy3G treatment group (PAPCy, 5 mg/kg/d) and negative?control group (nPAP). In addition, age?matched and normal wild?type of C57BL/6J mice were selected and divided into vehicle group (WT), Cy3G intervention group (WTCy, 5 mg/kg/d). Each group containing 12 mice, with equal number of male and female mice. After 8?week Cy3G supplementation, microPET/CT was used to measure cerebral glucose metabolism rate of mice in each group. Biochemical methods were used to detect the liver / kidney function as well as indicators associated with lipid metabolism. After weighting brain tissue, the brain coefficient was tested and pathological examination was used to observe tissues changes. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe neuropathological amyloid plaques deposition. Western?blot was used to determine protein levels of AKT and JNK. Results Compared with the WT group, PAP mice had low levels of 18 F?FDG uptake rates, especially in the regions of the frontal lobe and hippocampus accompanied by the decreased brain coefficient and amyloid plaques deposition in hippocampus. And levels of aspartate transaminase ( AST) and lactic dehydrogenase ( LDH) were also increased in PAP mice, but lipid metabolism index was relatively normal. In addition, the expression of JNK was decreased and AKT was increased in mice of PAP. However, in the PAPCy group, 18 F?FDG uptake rates were obviously increased in the regions of the frontal lobe and hippocampus compared with those in the PAP mice. And the reduction of brain atrophy and amyloid plaques deposition, normal lipid metabolism and no obvious liver/kidney toxicity were also observed. Cy3G also could reverse the changes of JNK and AKT protein. Conclusions Cy3G can improve glucose metabolism disorders instead of lipid metabolism, inhibit the senile plaques deposition in hippocampus and regulate insulin resistance and inflammatory reaction associated with JNK/AKT pathway. Thus, Cy3G has a good safety profile and may be used as an ideal alternative to traditional disease?modifying treatments against AD.

Objective:To analyze the molecular characteristics of dengue virus (DENV) strains circulating in Shantou city in 2018 and 2019 for elucidating the reasons causing strikingly different dengue fever epidemics during the two years and understanding the transmission characteristics and routes of DENV, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods:Detection of viral nucleic acid contents and amplification and sequencing of E gene were carried out on 872 samples positive for DENV acid in 2018 and 2019. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the E gene sequences to analyze the homology of DENV strains. The sources and transmission routes of the strains were also analyzed. Results:A total of 99 sequences of DENV E gene were acquired, including 68 DENV-1 sequences and 31 DENV-2 sequences. The cases of dengue fever were sporadic in 2018. Phylogenetic tree showed the strains isolated in 2018 were from multi-sources and closely related to those found in Guangzhou city and Southeast Asia area. Dengue fever outbreaks occurred in 2019 and most of the prevalent strains were from a single source, which was speculated to be Cambodia. Conclusions:Dengue fever in Shantou city was mainly caused by imported strains of the same year rather than by local strains in previous years. DENV strains in Shantou might be traced back to Southeast Asia area and transmitted to Shantou through many routes.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of nano-SiO2 on spatial learning and memory.

METHODSTwenty-four male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (C group), low dose group (L group) and high dose group (H group). The rats were intragastrically administrated with nanometer particles at 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight every day for 4 weeks. After exposure, the ability of learning and memory of rats was tested by Morris water maze, and electrophysiological brain stereotactic method was used to test long-tear potentiation (LTP) in dentate gyrus (DG) of the rats.

RESULTSThe increase rate of body weight in H group was reduced significantly compared with C group ( P < 0.05). In the space exploration experiment of Morris water maze test, the escape latency of H group was longer than that of C group (P < 0.05). The rats of H group spent less time in finding the target quadrant (P < 0.05) . The rate of LP induction of H group was significantly lower than that of C group (P < 0.05). After high fre quency stimulation (HFS), The changes of amplitude of population spike (PS) of L group and H group were lower than those of C group significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNano-SiO₂may result in impairment of spatial learning and memory ability by reducing the rate of LTP induction and the increase of PS in hippocampus.

Animals ; Dentate Gyrus ; drug effects ; Long-Term Potentiation ; drug effects ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Nanoparticles ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Silicon Dioxide ; adverse effects ; Spatial Learning ; drug effects