From the point of view of law and taking the non-full civil capacity patients as the object,this paper introduces the connotation and type of such patients in detail,and the specialization of the status,contents and forms of communication as the main body of doctor-patient communication,and make related study on the significance and problems of such special communication,hoping to put forward a new idea,which is helpful for the further theory and practice study on doctor-patient communication,and build a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients.

Andrology ; methods ; trends ; China ; Humans ; Male

Objective The changes of cytokine expression on a genomic scale in CD4 + cell of mice c hronically infected with Schistosoma japonicum and their roles in the pathog enesis of schistosomiasis were studied. Methods CD4 + cells were isolated from sp le ens of mice 13 wk infected with Schistosoma japonicum. We used the cDNA micr oarr ay technique to explore the cytokine gene expression profile of CD4 + cells f ro m normal and chronic infected mice. Three-color flow cytometry was performed to study intracellular protein levels of IFN-?、IL-4 of CD4 + cell. Results In the CD4 + cell of chronically infected mice, IL-4 was remarkably increase d at both transcription and protein expression levels (P

Prediabetes is an abnormal condition between normal glucose metabolism and diabetes mellitus. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is an indicator of high-risk state of prediabetes. Positive interventions of IGT, including life style changes and pharmacological intervention, can effectively postpone and reduce the development of prediabetes into type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggesting that IGT is a key point of diabetes prevention. Currently, pharmacological intervention for prediabetes is still at early stage. In this review, we summarizes recent clinical and preclinical studies on pharmacological intervention for prediabetes, and studies in the development of animal models with IGT and the application of new techniques. We also discuss the prospects of drugs for diabetes prevention, especially with the traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Glucose Intolerance ; Humans ; Prediabetic State ; drug therapy

Objective To summarize the experience of laparoscopic cholecystectomhy(LC) in the treatment of acute cholecystitis in senile patients. Methods A retrospective review was made on 279 cases of LC in senile patients,involving 263 cases of acute calculous cholecystitis,8 cases of gallbladder adenoma,5 cases of polypoid gallbladder lesions,and 3 cases of acute cholecystitis with unknown causes.Out of the 279 cases,there were 25 cases of gallbladder hydrops accompanying stones impacted in the neck and 23 cases of atrophic cholecystitis. Results The success rate of LC was 87.5%(244/279),and LC was converted to open surgery in 35 cases.No serious complications or fatal cases happened. Conclusions For senile patients,acute cholecystitis is often complicated with other diseases,which increases peri-operative risks.To prevent and minimize the occurrence of complications,strict adherence to surgical indications,proper management of co-morbidities,and broadening indications of conversions to open surgery are all considered essential.

Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; DNA Methylation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; K562 Cells ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oxides ; pharmacology

Objective To observe the effect of trichostatina to induce mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) differentiating into cardiomyocyte cells and to explore the potential interference approaches.Methods MSCs were incubated with different concentrations of TSA and different time,then to detecte the histone deacetylase(HDAC) activity;the differentiation of MSCs was observed by phase-contrast mictmcopy;fluorescence immunohistochemistry assessed cardiac troponin T and RT-PCR detected the expression of Nkx-2.5,GATA-4 genes.Results HDAC activity was the lowest when incubated with 300 nmol/L TSA for 24 hours,expression of cTnT of the cells was enhanced after incubation with TSA.The expression of Nkx-2.5,GATA-4 genes was enhanced before interference.ConclusionTSA can promote MSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocyte cells in vitro in an optimized condition.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a kind of immune regulation enzyme.IDO is the only rate-limiting enzyme that can catalyze the oxidative clearage of indole ring in tryptophan and its catabolism along the kynurenine pathway.IDO1 is one of the important mechanisms in maternal immune tolerance,which participates in the regulation of maternal-fetal immune relationship.The newly discovered IDO2 also plays an important role in this relationship.The abnormal expression of IDO2 is associated with the male infertility.

Objective To evaluate the effiacy and adverse reactions of domestic gemcitabine combined with lobaplatine in salvage treatment of taxanes-refractory advanced lung squamous canceroma.Methods 71 patients with squamous carcinoma of lung,all had been failer to combined chemotherapy with taxanes treatment before,received the treatment with domestic gemcitabine (1 000mg/m2,d1,8) combined with lobaplatine (30mg/m2,d2),21-28 days as a cycle,at least 2 cycles should been recieved.The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after 2 cycles of chemotherapy,according to RECIST1.0 standard.Results All of 175 cycles had been observed.In terms of the treatment efficacy,68 patients could be evaluated objectively of 71 cases patients,partial response (PR) was 15 cases (22.0％),stable disease(SD) was 18 cases(26.4％),with an overall response rate(RR) was 22.0％ (15/68),disease control rate (DCR) was 48.5 ％ (33/68).The median time to progression (TTP) was 13.6 weeks.the median survival time (OS) was 7.9 months.One year survival rate was 42.6％ (29/68).On 71 cases for a total of 175 cycles of chemotherapy,the major toxic reaction was hematological toxicities,including myelosuppression about 38.3％ (67/175) for grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ.Conclusion The combination treatment of domestic gemcitabine plus lobaplatin is a feasible and active scheme in salvage treatment of taxanes-refractory advanced quamous carcinoma of lung.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics for patients with hemorrhagic transformation(HT) after acute cere‐bral infarction .Methods In this study ,retrospective analysis was performed for 48 patients HT ,which were classified as HI(n=45 ,93 .8% ) ,HI‐1(n=27) ,HI‐2(n=18);PH(n=3 ,6 .3% ) ,PH‐1(n=2) ,PH‐2(n=1) .PH‐2 admission NIHSS score was signifi‐cantly higher than other types of HT .CT scans and MRT were carried out ,infarction area were defined so that we could choose dif‐ferent treatments .Results The total cases with hemorrhage time within 1 -2 weeks after infarction was 28(58 .3% ) ,while 14 (29 .2% )occured within 1 week .The relationship between HT location and infarction area:25 cases(52 .1% ) occurred cerebral lobe infarction ,for which hemorrhage lesion was located in cortex and(or) subcortical;11 cases (22 .9% ) occurred deep brain parenchy‐ma infarction ,for which hemorrhagic lesion was located inside or on the edge of infarcts;8 cases were lobes and deep infarction ,3 cases were cerebellar infarction ,1 case was brain stem infarction ,all of the hemorrhagic lesion was inside the infarcts .The relation‐ship between HT and infarct size:31 cases(64 .6% ) occured secondary to large area acute cerebral infarction ,14 cases(29 .2% ) oc‐cured secondary to small area of cerebral infarction ,3 cases(6 .3% ) occured secondary to lacunar infarction .Hemorrhage of the HI patients was in the cortex and the subcortical white matter ,with shapes of deep brain dot ,patchy ,funicular or gyrus .Hematoma was formed in cerebral infarction for PH patients ,which mainly located in basal ganglia .Conclusion The HT occurrence is closely relat‐ed to the infarction area and size .Patients with Large area and cerebral lobe infarction have high opportunity for complication of HT .HT usually occurs within 1-2 weeks after cerebral infarction ,during which brain CT or MRI should be routinely reexamined .