Objective:To investigate the feasibility and mechanism of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of bladder cancer. Methods:After irradiating the bladder cancer cell line T24,the number of survival cells was detected with MTT col-orimetry. The relationship between HIFU dosage and cell survival rate was analysed. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and creatine- kinase (CK) in culture medium was determined and the structures of the cells were studied. Results: The relationship between sound intensity and cell survival rate is in power series. With increasing sound intensity ,cell survival rate decreased sharply. The relationship between irradiation time and cell survival rate is linear. When sound intensity was 2300 W/cm2, the optimum irradiation time was 7 seconds. After irradiation ,cell growth was suppressed and cell numbers reduced continuously until 6 hours later. This indicated that there was necrobiosis in these cells. With the prolongation of the irradiation, the activity of ALP、CK in culture medium increased and reached it's peak at two seconds. Under optical and electronic microscopes, the damage to the cancer cell was irreversible. Conclusion :HIFU is an effective ,minimally invasive treatment option for bladder tumor.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic ceftizoxime sodium on the treatment of acute bacterial infection compared with the imported one.Methods:A randomized,comparative,double blinded trial was conducted.The usage of the two medicines was the same: The dose was 2.0g,bid and the duration of treatment was 7~14 days.The clinical efficacy,bacterial eradication and adverse reaction were observed.Results:The total number of final evaluated subjects was 50 with 25 subjects in domestic ceftizoxime sodium group and 25 subjects in imported ceftizoxime sodium group(control group).Clinical efficacy rate and bacterial eradication rate for domestic ceftizoxime sodium were 96.00% and 89.47%,respectively.Clinical efficacy rate and bacterial eradication rate for imported ceftizoxime sodium were 100% and 100%.No adverse reaction was observed in two groups.Conclusion:Domestic ceftizoxime sodium has the same efficacy and safety as the imported one on the treatment of acute bacterial infection.

0.05).Conclusion:Compared with traditional dressing,JUC has similar effects on circumcisions in the aspects of isolating operative incisions,long-acting antisepsis and preventing infection of incisional wound.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between testicular biopsy and serum FSH(follicle stimulation hormone)in azoospermia and to discuss its significance.Methods:Testicular biopsies were obtained from 67 azoospermia men in order to distinguish the type of azoospermia.Serum FSH was measured by radioimmunoassy.Results:Four groups were identified by histopathology:normal spermatogenesis group(20cases),hypospermatogenesis group(31cases),germinal arrest group(19cases)ane Sertoli cell only syndrome group(17cases).Statistical significance of difference was detected between Steroli cell only syndrome group and the three other groups(normal spermatogenesis group,hypospermatogenesis group and germinal arrest group).No statistically significant differences were found among the three other groups.Conlusion:Elevation of serum FSH correlates only with Sertoli cell only syndrome.Serum FSH could not predict the other type of spermatogenetic damage exactly.Testicular biopsies could offer valuble help for diagnosis and treatment of azoospermia.

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to beads, an innovative self-assembled drug delivery system prepared from cyclodextrins and oils. Beads are new core-shell minispheres containing poorly water-soluble drugs or lipophilic drugs dissolved in the lipid core without the use of organic solvents and surfactants. Therefore, beads with high drug loading and improved oral bioavailability have great potential for oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs and lipophilic drugs. The preparation mechanisms, formulations and methods, the in vitro and in vivo properties of beads were reviewed in order to provide the theoretical basis for further application of beads.

Asthma ; diagnosis ; Exhalation ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Respiratory Function Tests

Imatinib is an effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used in the treatment of advanced or inoperable gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Despite its efficacy, resistance is often developed among a portion of patients. Resistance to imatinib can be divided into primary and secondary resistance, with the latter becoming the focus of many recent researches. Research on the mechanisms of secondary resistance may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic strategies.

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia(HHT) is a genetic autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by the presence of epistaxis,vascular telangiectasis in mucosal and cutaneous tissues,with visceral lesions and family history. However,many specialists or radiologists are still in lack of appreciation concerning the full range of consequences in diagnosis and their family relationship resulting the poor recognition of the disease. Understanding the diagnostic imaging and therapeutic measure for HHT will be critical,because of the continuous growth and risk existance of these arteriovenous malformations arousing early diagnosis,proper treatment,adequate follow-up and screening of the family.

Adult ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Motion Sickness ; genetics ; Naval Medicine ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:The development of minimaly invasive technology significantly reduces the occurrence of surgical complications due to spinal metastases. Currently, the minimaly invasive treatment basicaly has three broad categories: vertebral cement augmentation, radiofrequency ablation combined with vertebroplasty, intraoperative radiotherapy combined with vertebroplasty. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of three kinds of minimaly invasive treatments for spinal metastases. METHODS:PubMed and Wanfang databases were searched using the keywords of spinal metastases, vertebroplasty, radiofrequency ablation, radiotherapy in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Vertebral cement augmentation with good analgesic effect has been used widely, and the efficiency is up to 80%-90%. But its effect to kil tumors is very limited that is unable to control tumor growth. Radiofrequency ablation and radiation can kil the tumor, but cannot rebuild the vertebral stability. Therefore, the combination of different technologies can improve the therapeutic effect on spinal tumors. In recent years, intraoperative radiation and implantation of radioactive particles or radioactive bone cement have been developed as new technologies. However, there is no conclusion that these new technologies have better outcomes than the vertebral cement augmentation because of less reports and lack of long-term folow-up. Especialy in the metastatic patients with damaged vertebral posterior wal and tumors invaded into vertebral canal, the risk of nerve function damage caused by bone cement leakage is stil very high, even after many attempts. Above al, there is no a perfect minimaly invasive treatment for spinal metastases.