*Abortion, Criminal ; *Abortion, Habitual ; *Abortion, Missed ; *Abortion, Septic ; *Abortion, Threatened ; *Malaysia ; *Maternal Mortality ; *Statistics ; *Adolescent ; *Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Basophils* ; Histamine Release* ; Histamine*

No abstract available.
Diffusion of Innovation ; Humans ; Learning Curve ; *Orthopedic Procedures/adverse effects

34,073 prospective transfusion candidates sera, among 127,087 hospitalized patients in Hanyang University Medical Center between Jan. 1989 and Dec. 1993, were analyzed for detection of red cell irregular antibodies screening and identification. This study revealed investigation of the distribution and the characteristics of irregular antibodies. Tube method was performed including saline room temperature, saline 37 and antiglobuline phase. The following results were obtained. 1. Of 127,087 inpatients, prospective blood transfusion candidates were 34,078, 26.8%. 2. 151 cases out of 34,078 sera was positive irregular antibody, 0.443 %. 3. Frequency of irregular antibodies were 15 cases(0.044 %) of anti-Lea, 14 cases(0.041%) of anti-Leb, 14 cases(0.041%) of anti-P1, 8 cases(0.0234%) of anti-IH and 8 cases(0.0234 %) of anti-E in order. 4. Undetectable cold antibody was 39 cases(0.1145%), warm antibody, 27 cases(0.0792 %). 5. It is required that various testing method for the safty transfusion.
Academic Medical Centers ; Antibodies* ; Blood Transfusion ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Mass Screening

BACKGROUND: No ideal combination chemotherapy for lung cancer has been established even though lots of combination anticancer chemotherapies have been tried. For the combination of anticancer drugs, the interaction of anticancer drugs is very important but unpredictable factor. In this experiments we designed and tested new experiment to measure the interaction of two anticancer drugs using MTT assay in an attempt to predict clinical response of the combination regimen. METHODS: With human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (PC-14), the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin adriamycin mitomycin C and etoposide were measured by in Vitro chemosensitivity test (MTT assay). The combined cytotexic effects of combination of two drugs were also measured in every combination of the drug concentrations and analyzed the interaction by Anova analysis of two way factorial design. RESULTS: Four individual drugs showed cytotoxic effects on PC-14 by dose dependent fashion Comparison of two drug combinations revealed that mitomycin C + cisplatin and adriamycin + cisplatin combinations showed stronger synergistic cytotoxic effects. CONCLUSION: From this experiments we suggest two combinations of mitomycin C + cisplatin and adriamycin + cisplatin as chemotherapeutic regimens for unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. Furthermore, this experimental deign could be applied b other types of cancer requiring combination anticancer chemotherapy.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Cell Line* ; Cisplatin ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Etoposide ; Humans* ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Mitomycin

No abstract available.
Ambulatory Care Facilities* ; Humans ; Low Back Pain* ; Outpatients*

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of oral cryotherapy on oral mucositis in the patients who receiving high-dose ARA-C plus Mitoxantrone chemotherapy regimen. There were total of ten patients who received the chemotherapy regimen for 13 months ; 5 patients for the experimental group, while the others for the control group. The tool used for assess degree of oral mucositis was the Oral Assessment Guide(OAG) which was developed by Elier, Burger, Peterson in 1988. []The experimental group received oral cryotherapy range from 30minutes before the Mitroxantrone IV infusing to 30minutes after the high-dose ARA-C IV infusing. The control group was not treated by oral cryotherapy. The effect of this treatment was analyzed with the OAG score. The collected data were analysed with, mean, Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test according to characteristics of variables. The results were as follows : 1. There were no statistical difference in general characteristics(age, sex, cycle of the chemotherapy, smoking, alcohol) between the two groups, so the homogeneity of two groups was established. There were no differences in the OAG Scores between the two groups statistically. 2. The subjects of this study suffered the neutropenia from 5.6 days to 24.6 days after starting chemotherapy. During the neutropenia period the average OAG scores in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group(experimental group was 9.17+/-1.91, control group was 9.33+/-1.10). 3. The mean OAG of experimental group for 21 days was 204.72+/-20.61, while the mean of control group for 21 days was 206.23+/-15.97. There were, however, no differences between the experimental and the control groups statistically. The subjects of the experimental group expressed more comfortable oral condition than those of the past cycle and they would like to try oral cryotherapy again for the next chemotherapy. The subjects of this study suffered the neutropenia from 5.6 days to 24.6 days after starting chemotherapy. During the neutropenia period the average OAG scores in the experimental group were lower than that of the control group(experimental group was 9.17, control group was 9.33). 5 subjects of the study group complained of numbness, 3 subjects complained of slight headache, and 2 subjects expressed teeth and abdominal discomfort. However, these signs occurred temporarily and were resolved rapidly after cessation of the cryotherapy. It was I recommended that replication with larger sample.
Cryotherapy* ; Cytarabine ; Drug Therapy* ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Mitoxantrone ; Neutropenia ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stomatitis* ; Tooth

No abstract available.
Asthma ; Hypersensitivity

No abstract available.
Asthma ; Hypersensitivity