Objective To investigate the efficacy of transorally inserted anvil system(OrVilTM)in esophagogastrostomy and esophagojejunostomy after laparoscopic gastrectomy.Methods The clinical data of 34 patients with gastric neoplasms who were installed OrVilTM for esophagogastrostomy or esophagojejunostomy at the Changhai Hospital from July 2009 to February 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.After radical dissection of lymph nodes and full mobilization of esophagus,the esophagus was transected and the anvil was then transorally inserted into the esophagus by using the OrVilTB system.Double-stapling esophagogastrustomy or esophagojejunostomy with a circular stapler Was performed intracorporeally under direct laparuscopic view.Results The surgery was success fully completed in all the 34 patients with no conversion to open surgery.Two patients had difficulty in placing OrVilTM system.and the condition Was alleviated by reducing tension in the cuff and tilting the head back.The mean operation time,volume of blood loss,duration of postoperative hospital stay and time to gastrointestinal function recovery were 175 minutes(range,90-240 minutes),196 ml(range,50-800 ml),7.6 days(range,5-14 days)and 3 days(range,2-6 days).No postoperative anastomotic leakage Was detected.Thirty-three patients were followed up for 2-20 months with a mean time of(10±6)months,and no tumor recurrence or metastasis occurred.Conclusion OrVilTM system changes insert direction of the anvil,which significantly reduces the difficulty of laparoscopic operation,shortens the operation time and avoids the thoracotomy.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of gastric bypass surgery for the treatment of nonobese type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods From November 2008 to August 2009, 40 patients with gastric diseases and nonobese type 2 diabetes mellitus were admitted to the Changhai Hospital, and their clinical data were prospectively studied. All patients were randomly divided into 4 groups; 10 patients received Billroth I distal gastrectomy +gastroduodenal anastomosis (BⅠ group) , 10 received proximal gastrectomy + remanant gastric esophageal anastomosis ( PG group), 10 received total gastrectomy + esophagoduodenal Y-anastomosis ( RY group) and 10received subtotal gastrectomy Billroth Ⅱ gastro-jejunostomy (BⅡ group). The length of hospital stay, pre- and postoperative body mass indexes (BMIs) , waist circumferences, levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) , glycated hemoglobin ( GHbA1) , fasting serum insulin (FSI) and fasting C-peptide (FCP) of patients in the 4 groups were compared. All data were analyzed using analysis of variance, LSD-t test, paired t test or chi-square test. Results The clinical effects of the 4 different operative procedures on the gastric diseases were similar. The levels of FBG were (8.0 ±2.9)mmol/L before operation and (5.9 ±0.7)mmol/L after operation in the RY group, with a significant difference (t = 2. 342, P < 0. 05). The preoperative level of GHbA1 in the RY group was 7.7% ± 1.1%, which was significantly higher than 6. 9% ± 0. 6% at 2 months after the operation and 6. 1 % ± 0. 4% at 6 months after the operation (t = 4. 920, 3.012, P < 0.05). The preoperative level of FCP in the RY group was (1.30 ±0.54) μg/L, which was significantly lower than (1.95 ± 0.86) μg/L at 2 months after the operation and (2.18 ± 0.63)μg/L at 6 months after the operation (t =6. 063, 4. 651, P < 0.05). The levels of FSI in the RY group at postoperative month 1, 2 and 6 were (18 ±5) , (19 ±3) , (21 ±3) mU/L, which were significantly higher than the level of FSI [(11 ±4) mU/L]before operation (t =3. 158, 4. 502, 7. 517, P <0. 05). Preoperative levels of FBG, GHbA1, FSI and FCP in the B Ⅱ group were (8. 3 ± 1. 3) mmol/L, 7. 7% ±0. 9% , (13±4)mU/L and (1.34±0.48) μg/L, which were ignificantly different from (6.7 ± 1.2)mmol/L, 6.8%± 0.8%, (18±4)mU/L and ( 1.68 ±0.46) μg/L at postoperative month 1, (6.4 ± 1.3)mmol/L, 6.3% ±0.6% ,(18±4)mU/L and (1. 96 ± 0. 67) μg/L at postoperative month 2, and (5. 6 ±0. 7) mmol/L, 6.0%±0.3%, (19 ± 4) mU/L and (2.27 ± 0. 59) |μg/L at postoperative month 6 (t = 2. 468, 2. 598, 6. 028; 3. 055, 4. 586,4.572; 3.618, 5.860, 8.577; 2.300, 3.511, 3.943, P<0.05). The levels of FBG,GHbA1 and FCP in the 4 groups at 2 months after surgery were significantly different from those at 6 months after surgery (F = 4. 699,14. 378; 7.411, 29. 192; 3. 335, 9. 334, P < 0.05). The levels of FSI in the 4 groups at different time points were significantly different (F =2. 896, 7. 012, 11. 998, P < 0.05). Conclusion The efficacy of gastric bypass surgery for the treatment of nonobese type 2 diabetes mellitus is satisfactory.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of gastric bypass surgery in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a rat model. Methods Seventy-two 8-week-old GK rats were randomly divided into operation group, sham operation group, diet control group and control group (18 rats in each group) according to the random number table. Rats in the operation group and the sham operation group received gastric bypass surgery and transection and reanastomosis of the gastrointestinal tract, respectively. The food intake was set as 15 g/d for each rat in the diet control group, while rats in the control group were fed ad libitum. The levels of fasting blood glucose ( FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were detected before operation and at postoperative week 2, 4 and 8. The levels of PPBG and GLP-1 were detected at postoperative week 2, 4 and 8, then 6 rats of each group were sacrificed to detect the apoptosis of islet B cells using the TUNEL method. All data were analyzed using the t test. Results In the operation group, the preoperative levels of FBG and PPBG were (16.2±0.8)mmol/L and (31.1 ± 1. L)mmol/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than (9.2± 0.6) mmol/L and (13.1 ±0.7) mmol/L at 4 weeks after the operation, and (9. 7 ± 0. 7) mmol/L and (12. 3 ± 0.7) mmol/L at 8 weeks after the operation (t = 20. 7, 49. 7; 18. 8, 39. 0, P < 0.05 ). The levels of FBG and PPBG before the operation and at 4 and 8 weeks after the operation in the operation group were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group, diet control group and control group at corresponding time points (t = 27.7, -57.8; 11.3, -59.9; -27.4, -48.2; -13.2, -52.7; -7.0, -24.9; -18.2, -56.4, P<0.05). In the operation group, the levels of fasting GLP-1 and postprandial GLP-1 were ( 10. 7 ± 1. 0) pmol/L and (42.5 ±1.2)pmol/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (26. 1 ±0.9)pmol/L and (90.7 ± 1.7)pmol/L at4 weeks after the operation, and (25.3 ± 1.2)pmol/L and (90.4 ±2.0)pmol/L at 8 weeks after the operation (t=42.1, -92.4; -29.1, -72.7, P <0.05). The levels of fasting GLP-1 and postprandial GLP-1 before the operation and at 4 and 8 weeks after the peration in the operation group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group, diet control group and control group at corresponding time points (t = 48.0, 61.9; 38.0, 62.2; 50.9, 65.2; 37.0, 48. 1; 27.5, 51.6; 17.5, 52.9, P<0.05). The number of the apoptotic islet β cells in the operation group was decreased with time. The apoptosis rates in the operation group, sham operation group, diet control group and control group were 5.9%±0.7% , 47.2%± 1.0% , 21. 1%± 1. 2% , 46.5%±1.4% at 4 weeks after the operation, and 6.3%±1. 1% , 47.2%±1.0% , 21.2%±1.2% and 46.0% ± 1.4% at 8 weeks after the operation. The apoptosis rates in the operation group were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group, diet control group and control group at corresponding time points (t = -82. 2, - 67. 0; - 27. 1, - 22. 4; - 55. 2, - 54. 6, P < 0.05). Conclusion After gastric bypass surgery, the level of blood glucose reduces and the level of GLP-1 increases which significantly inhibit the apoptosis of islet B cells in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the impact of laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery on serum protein expression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Twelve patients with T2DM received gastrointestinal surgery at Changhai Hospital of the Second Medical University from June 2008 to September 2010.Their serum samples were collected at different time points(before surgery,1 week and 1 month after surgery).Total proteins were seperated by two-dimensional(2D)gel electrophoresis.The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by mass spectrometry and bioinformatics.Results Protein extracts of the serum samples were separated on 2D gels successfully.Twenty differentially expressed proteins in the serum after surgery were screened out.Eight proteins were successfully identified,in which the expression of 5 proteins(Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 1,Prohibitin,Alpha-1-anfitrypsin precursor,Serotransferrin precursor and Fibrinogen gamma chain precursor)was increased after operation,and the expression of 3 proteins(MAP3K12-binding inhibitory protein 1,Coronin-1A and Isovalery1-COA dehydrogenase) was decreased.Conclusions The expression of 20 proteins have been changed significantly in serum samples after laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery in patients with T2DM,and 8 proteins were successfully identified.

The esophageal jejunum anastomosis of the digestive tract reconstruction techniques in laparoscopic total gastrectomy includes two categories: circular stapler anastomosis techniques and linear stapler anastomosis techniques. Circular stapler anastomosis techniques include manual anastomosis method, purse string instrument method, Hiki improved special anvil anastomosis technique, the transorally inserted anvil(OrVil(TM)) and reverse puncture device technique. Linear stapler anastomosis techniques include side to side anastomosis technique and Overlap side to side anastomosis technique. Esophageal jejunum anastomosis technique has a wide selection of different technologies with different strengths and the corresponding limitations. This article will introduce research progress of laparoscopic total gastrectomy esophagus jejunum anastomosis from both sides of the development of anastomosis technology and the selection of anastomosis technology.
Anastomosis, Surgical ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Esophagectomy ; Esophagoplasty ; Esophagus ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Jejunoileal Bypass ; Jejunum ; Laparoscopy ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Stomach Neoplasms

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of morbid obesity (MO) before and after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), and the safety of LAGB.Methods LAGB was performed in 15 cases from Jun.2003 to Nov.2003.Patients′ nutritional parameters were determined before and 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively.Results There was a significant reduction of weight and body mass index (BMI) ( P 0.05).Conclusion No major nutritional deficiencies were found following LAGB.It is an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity.