The endophytic bacterum 01-144 was marked by using the method of antib iotic-resistance. Colonization of 01-144 in tomato root and stem was investig ate d. Result showed that 01-144 colonized in the root and stem and the colonizing a bility in the root was stronger than in the stem after dipping seed or watering root treatmeat, It was also found that this bacterium could more easly colonized in the low stem than in the upper stem. The population fluctuation of 01-144 ha d the same trend in both root and stem i.e.first increased then decreasing, an d the fluctuation in the root was more even than in the stem.

Objective To establish the animal model for the study of children with moderate blood lead levels in young rabbits,for the study of the ideal therapy for moderate lead poisoning in children.Methods Sixteen 45-day-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control and lead-exposed group,8 in each group.Rabbits in the lead-exposed group were treated with 5 mg/(kg?d)lead acetate in their forage for 6 weeks to establish moderate lead poisoning animal model.The blood lead levels(BLLs)were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS),and the urine lead levels and the lead concentrations of tissue and organ were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Histopathology in tissue and organ was observed under the light microscope.Results The BLLs and the urine lead levels in lead-exposed group step up rapidly in primal weeks,then retained at a steady levels.The BLLs exhibited moderate level BLLs during the lead exposure period.Compared with control group,the body weight gain,testis and hippocampus wet coefficient of the lead-exposed group significantly decreased(P_a

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficiency of metallic stent implantation in combination with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus.

METHODS22 cases of HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus were devided into 2 groups: 10 patients (group A) recieved stent implantation in combination with conformal radiation therapy, 12 patients (group B) recieved stent implantation and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. The adverse reactions, and liver function before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The stent patency rate at 4, 6 and 12 months and the survival rate at 3, 6 and 12 months were followed up. Comparison of liver function was analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Comparison of stent patency rate curves and survival curves was analyzed by Log rank test.

RESULTSThe portal vein catheterization was successful in all the patients. The stents were successfully implanted by transhepatic portal vein approach, and portal vein stenosis was re-opened. There was no abdominal hemorrhage in all the patients, but there were symptoms of abdominalgia, fever, nausea, vomiting and flatulence of varying degrees after interventional operation, and these symptoms were relieved by symptomatic treatment in one week. All patients in group A completed the treatment. I-II degree gastrointestinal tract reactions occurred in 3 cases, I-II degree myelosuppression occurred in 2 cases, and they were all completely relieved after treatment. The stent patency rate at 4, 6 and 12 months was 90%, 70%, 30% in group A; and 50%, 25% , 16.7% in group B (P < 0.05). The survival rate at 3, 6 and 12 months was 100%, 80% , 30% in group A and 91.7%, 41.7%, 16.7% in group B (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONStent implantation combined with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy is a good treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus and causes less damage to liver.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Male ; Metals ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Portal Vein ; pathology ; Radiography ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Venous Thrombosis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of zinc deficiency on the protein expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and calcium binding protein (CaBP) in growth-term rats duodenal mucosa and to clarify the mechanism of zinc deficiency affecting the calcium absorption by gene transcription.

METHODSThirty weaning male rats were randomly divided into three groups: zinc deficiency (ZD), paired-fed (PF) and zinc adequation (ZA). The ZA group received a diet containing 29.5 microg/g diet ad libitum; the ZD group received a diet containing less than 0.4 microg zinc/g diet ad libitum. To eliminate the effect of zinc deficiency on appetite, the PF group received a zinc-adequate diet restricted to the quantity of food consumed the previous day by the ZD rats. After 15 days feeding, duodenal mucosa was taken to measure expression of the protein of VDR and of CaBP by immunohistochemistry and Western-blotting.

RESULTSImmunohistochemistry demonstrated that the intestinal mucosal expression of both VDR protein and CaBP protein in ZD rats significantly decreased. Analysis of the photographs showed that the number of cells expressed VDR protein in ZD rats was significantly less than that of the PF and ZA rats (P < 0.001). The number of cells which expressed VDR protein in ZD, PF, and ZA groups was 52, 162, and 220, and the number of cells which expressed CaBP protein was 169, 240 and 280 (F = 132 and 22, P < 0.001). Western-blotting showed similar results.

CONCLUSIONSZinc deficiency, by changing the activity of VDR, changes the protein expression of VDR, and thus affects the transcription of the target gene CaBP, resulting in the absorption of calcium that causes allo-osteogenesis.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Deficiency Diseases ; metabolism ; Duodenum ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; growth & development ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Weaning ; Zinc ; deficiency

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Notification ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis C ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDAlthough bronchoscopy has been widely performed in China, little has been known about its current state and development. In order to investigate the clinical application of bronchoscopy and make instructions for future education and development, the Chinese Society of Respiratory Diseases conducted postal surveys in both 2008 and 2010 in China.

METHODQuestionnaires were sent to 40 tertiary grade A hospitals in 2008 and 58 tertiary grade A hospitals in 2010 to investigate bronchoscopies performed in 2007 and 2009 respectively.

RESULTSThirty (75%) hospitals returned the completed questionnaires in 2008 and forty-one (71%) hospitals in 2010. All the respondents possessed flexible bronchoscopes. Fifty percent of the respondents had less than five in 2007, while more than 50% of the respondents had 5-9 bronchoscopes in 2009. All the respondents performed a radiograph or CT scan before bronchoscopy. Percentage of general anesthesia and no pre-medication before bronchoscopy increased, while atropine usage decreased in 2009 compared to 2007. During bronchoscopy, pulse oximetry was the most widely used monitoring method. Most respondents used the nasal route to perform routine bronchoscopy. After the procedure, they used sinks to wash and glutaraldehyde to disinfect the bronchoscopes. The total number of flexible bronchoscopies performed during 2007 was 37 874 and the average was 1262. Whereas in 2009, the total number was 60 178 and the average was 1468. Diagnostic bronchoscopy was more widely used than therapeutic bronchoscopy. The mortality rate was 0.076‰ in 2007 and 0.032‰ in 2009.

CONCLUSIONSThe two surveys, to some extent, reflected the current status and development of bronchoscopy in China. The results are worthy of future education and developing of new guidelines. Regular surveys and monitoring of bronchoscopies across China are needed.

Bronchoscopy ; methods ; utilization ; China ; Hospitals ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of mercury exposure of neonates and their mothers in Zhoushan City, and analyze the related influencing factors.

METHODSFrom Aug to Sep, 2004, 408 neonate-mother pairs were cluster sampled at the Third People's Hospital in Dinghai region, Zhoushan City, and a further investigation for the neurobehavioral development of these children was followed up in a year. The contains of mercury of 14 kinds of fish, 5 pieces of each kind bought in markets of Dinghai region were detected.

RESULTSThe geometric mean of cord-blood Hg was 27.81 nmol/L (5.58 microg/L), while that of hair Hg of mothers was 1246.56 microg/kg. 69.9% of pregnant women had surpassed the RfD (reference dose, 0.1 microg/kg/day) for Hg intake. There was a strong correlation between hair and cord blood Hg levels (r = 0.821). The factors influencing cord-blood Hg levels were fish dinners, dwelling time, and fathers smoking or not, while those of hair Hg were fish dinners and dwelling time. The correlation between fish dinners and the cord blood Hg as well as hair Hg were of significance (r = 0.539, 0.481 respectively), the Hg levels were higher in more fish dinners (H = 119.805, 94.384 respectively). The mean fish Hg level at Dinghai region was low (< 0.1 mg/kg), and no samples were higher than 0.5 mg/L. Two samples of cutlassfish and dried eel contained higher Hg than the others, belonging to a middle level (0.1-0.5 mg/kg).

CONCLUSIONSHg levels in neonates and pregnant women were generally below those considered hazardous, but the safety margin was narrow for some women and supporting efforts should be made to reduce mercury exposure. The main resource of Hg was from eating fish, and it is necessary to investigate the Hg levels in large samples, as to developing the fish advisories for susceptible people.

China ; Environmental Exposure ; analysis ; Environmental Pollutants ; analysis ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; chemistry ; Hair ; chemistry ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mercury ; analysis ; blood ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Seafood ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo understand the effects of moderate lead poisoning on the hippocampus tissue of rabbits in juvenile stage.

METHODSSixteen 45-day-old male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank group and lead-exposed group,8 for each group. Rabbits in the lead-exposed group were treated with 5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) lead acetate in their forage for 6 weeks to establish a moderate lead poisoning animal model. The blood lead levels and the lead contents in the hippocampus were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry respectively. Histopathology and ultra-microstructure in the hippocampus tissue were observed by light microscope and electron microscope. The NR1, NR2A and NR2B protein expressions in the CA1 hippocampal region were analyzed through immunohistochemical method.

RESULTSCompared with those of blank group, the blood lead levels of lead-exposed group were significant increased, (428.63 +/- 9.46) vs (66.38+/-3.93) microg/L (t = 100.08, P<0.01); and lead contents of hippocampus was significantly increased, (44.57+/-2.03) vs (21.20+/-1.53) ng/g, (t = 26.05, P<0.01); the hippocampus wet weight were significant decreased, (0.735 +/-0.012) vs (0.808+/-0.010), (t =12.97, P<0.01); the coefficient of hippocampus wet weight, was (0.458 +/-0.004) vs (0.476+/-0.005), (t =7.87, P<0.01). The significant declines in both the positive rate of NR1 and NR2A in the CA1 hippocampal region for NR1: (37.44 +/- 2.05)% vs (41.81+/-2.50)% (t = 3.82, P<0.01) and for NR2A: 21.97+/-1.08 vs 25.48+/-1.30 (t =5.89, P<0.01) were also observed. With light microscope and electron microscope, the histopathology and ultra-microstructure of neuron and glial cell in the hippocampus tissue were changed.

CONCLUSIONThe impairment of hippocampus of rabbits in juvenile stage with chronic moderate lead poisoning were observed, and the histopathology and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor protein expressions in the hippocampus tissue were changed.

Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lead Poisoning ; metabolism ; Male ; Rabbits ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEThe effects of sleep deprivation on the immature brain remain unknown. Based on a computer controlled chronic sleep deprivation animal model, the effects of chronic partial sleep deprivation on growth, learning and memory in young rats were explored.

METHODSTwelve weaned male Spraque-Dawley rats (3-week-old) were randomly divided into sleep deprivation, test control and blank control groups. Sleep deprivation was performed using computer-controlled "disc-over-water" technique at 8-11 am daily, for 14 days. The temperature and weights were measured every 7 days. Morris water maze was used to test spatial learning and memory abilities before and 7 and 14 days after sleep deprivation. After 14 days of sleep deprivation, the rats were sacrificed for weighting their major organs.

RESULTSAfter 14 days of sleep deprivation, the rats' temperature increased significantly. During the sleep deprivation, the rate of weight gain in the sleep deprivation group was much slower than that in the test control and blank control groups. The thymus of the rats subjected to sleep deprivation was much lighter than that of the blank control group. After 7 days of sleep deprivation, the rats showed slower acquisition of reference memory, but were capable of successfully performing the task by repeated exposure to the test. Such impairment of reference memory was not seen 14 days after sleep deprivation.

CONCLUSIONSChronic sleep deprivation can affect growth of immature rats, as well as their abilities to acquire spatial reference memory.

Animals ; Body Temperature ; Body Weight ; Growth ; Learning ; Male ; Memory ; Organ Size ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sleep Deprivation ; physiopathology ; psychology

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of elongated needle therapy and routine acupuncture therapy on dysuria induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSRandomized, controlled, multi-central method was adopted and 150 cases confirmed to the enrolled criteria were divided into two groups by odd or even number, an elongated needle group (n = 72) and a routine acupuncture group (n = 78). Acupuncture was given at bilateral Zhibian (BL 54) and Zhongji (CV 3) in the two groups, once daily, 5 sessions constituting one course, with a 2-day interval between two courses. The treatment was given for 2 courses. Changes of I-PSS symptom cumulative score, urine flowing rate, residual urine in bladder before and after the treatment were observed.

RESULTSThe effective rate was 83.3% in the elongated needle group and 44.9% in the routine acupuncture group. There were significant differences between the two groups in improvemet of I-PSS score, increase of urine flowing rate and reduction of residual urine in bladder (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe elongated needle therapy has a definite therapeutic effect on dysuria induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urinary Bladder ; physiopathology ; Urination