This study was designed to clarify the relationship between Sho, which represents a clinical status in oriental medicine, and the clinical parameter in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In 65 patients [male 27 (mean age: 60.9±12.0) and female 38 (64.9±8.4)] with type 2 DM, we determined the incidence of Sho [In/Yo (yin/yang) and Kyo/Jitsu (xu/shi)], measured the indices of insulin resistance (fasting plasma insulin level: F-IRI and HOMA-IR), and analyzed the relationship between them. The incidences of In, intermediate, Yo were 30.8%, 32.3% and 36.9%, respectively, while the incidence of Kyo, intermediate, Jitsu were 30.8%, 33.8%, and 35.4%, respectively. The incidences of combined Sho represented as Yo-Jitsu, intermediate-intermediate, In-Kyo, Yo-Kyo, intermediate-Jitsu, Yo-intermediate, In-intermediate and intermediate-Kyo were 26.2%, 21.5%, 18.5%, 10.8%, 7.7%, 6.2%, 6.2% and 3.1%, respectively. F-IRI was significantly higher in patients with Jitsu than those with Kyo (p=0.044) and significantly higher in patients with Yo-Jitsu than those with In-Kyo (p=0.033). HOMA-IR is significantly higher in patients with Yo-Jitsu than those with In-Kyo (p=0.017). Our study indicated that the incidences of In and Yo were almost the same and those of Kyo and Jitsu were also nearly the same in patients with type 2 DM. In addition, our study suggested that Sho of Jitsu and Yo-Jitsu could be related with the degree of insulin resistance in patients with type 2 DM.