Objective:To investigate if a plant-derived polysaccharide sulfate(M33A) binding to HIV1 gp120 may induce the exposure of neutralization epitopes of gp120,and if M33A-bound HIV-1ⅢB antigens may be used as a AIDS vaccine for inducing neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1.Methods:Whole-inactivated M33A-bound HIV-1ⅢB antigens were prepared and used to immunize mice after mixing with FCA or FIA.The titers of anti-HIV-1 IgG antibodies in immunized mouse plasma were detected by ELISA,and the HIV-1 neutralization by those plasma was detected by the improved microtiter neutralization assay.Results:M33A-bound HIV-1 antigens induced higher titers of anti-HIV-1 IgG antibodies(group C:1.5?10~6;group D:1.5?10~6) than HIV-1 antigens alone(4.9?10~5),and female mice produced 3 times higher titers of anti-HIV-1 IgG antibodies than male mice after immunized with various HIV-1 antigens.All three immunization schemes did not induce the production of anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies.Conclusion:M33A binding does not induce gp120 to expose neutralization epitopes.However,M33A may improve the level of mice immune responses to HIV-1 antigens,suggesting M33A may enhance immune response to HIV-1 antigens.

Objective To investigate the application prospect of Biolog automatic analyzer for microbes in the identification of common dermatophytes. Methods Clinical isolates of dermatophyte were identified to species level based on phenotypes and DNA sequence. The strains of Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Trichophyton tonsurans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum were inoculated into FF microplates, and the utilization of 95 different carbon sources were recorded.The growth and reaction spectrum of these strains were described and identification database was set up. Results There was a great difference in the utilization of carbon sources among different fungal species. The utilization of raffinose could differentiate Trichophyton mentagrophyte and Trichophyton tonsurans from the other four Trichophyton. Sebacic acid could differentiate Trichophyton mentagrophyte from Trichophyton tonsurans.Meanwhile, Trichophyton rubrum could be differentiated from Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum canis by utilization of fumarate and succinate. Microsporum gypseum could be identified by use of alanine and phenylalanine. The utilization of dextrin could distinguish Epidermophyton floccosum from Microsporum canis. Conclusion The Biolog automatic analyzer for microbes has the ability to identify common dermatophytes to species level based on their specific phenotype.

Objective A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was established for the simultaneous determination of xylitol and L-xylulose in fermentation broth.Methods The chromatographic conditions were as follows:C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm) with the temperature 35℃, acetonitrile-water (85∶15,v/v)as mobile phase with the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min.Xylitol was detected by refractive index (RI) detector at 33℃and L-xylulose was determined by ultraviolet ( UV) detector at 210 nm at room temperature.Results This method showed good linearity over the range from 0.50~30.00 g/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995 for xylitol and 0.30~30.00 g/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.9986 for L-xylulose. Moreover, the limit of quantification (LOQ) for xylitol and L-xylulose were 0.58 and 0.40,respectively.The limit of determination (LOD) for xylitol and L-xylulose were 0.18 and 0.15,respectively.The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intraday and interday for xylitol were less than 0.64%and 0.80%,respectively.The intraday and interday RSDs for L-xylulose were less than 0.31%and 0.59%.The recoveries of xylitol and L-xylulose in fermentation broth were between 99.00%-101.00%.Conclusion There was no interference from other constitutes in the fermentation broth by this method.The methods were suitable for the simultaneous determination of the substrate xylitol and the product L-xylulose in fermentation process.

Objective To construct a Luciferace reporter vector containing the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of NFAT5 and measure the correlation between NFAT5 and miR-155.Methods The miR-155 targeting NFAT5 3'UTR was predicted by Target Scan,Mir Base and Pic Tar.NFAT5 and mutant NFAT5 sequence(NFAT5-mu) were then designed and synthesized,and they were cloned into pMIR-REPORTTM Luciferace reporter vector.Human embryonic kidney-293AD (HEK-293AD) cells of the 4th passage were divided into 4 groups according to the random number table.cells in plasimd +miR-155 mimics groups were transfected with pMIR-NFAT5 recombinant plasimid,pRL-Tk plasmid and miR-155 mimics;cells in plasimd + miR-155 mutated groups were transfected with pMIR-NFAT5-mu recombinant plasimid,pRL-Tk plasmid and miR-155 mimics;cells in plasimd + miR-155 control groups were transfected with pMIR-NFAT5 recombinant plasimid,pRL-Tk plasmid and miR-155 Negative control;cells in plasimd +miR-155 inhibitor were transfected with pMIR-NFAT5 recombinant plasimid,pRL-Tk plasmid and miR-155 inhibitor;and were respectively transfected into together by liposome.After culture for 24 h,the luciferase activity was detected by dual luciferase reporter assay system.Results TargetScan,Miranda and PicTar shared the results that NFAT5 has the complementary binding sites with 3'UTR of miR-155.And luciferase reporter vectorwas constructed.Therefore the result of sequencing and double digesting of recombined plasmid were completely correct.Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-155 possesses a target effect on 3'UTR of NFAT5.Compared to the pMIR-NFAT5 + miR-control group,the luciferase activity of the pMIR-NFAT5 + miR-1 5 5 mimics group was decreased,with statistically significant difference(P＜0.01),while there was no significant difference at other time points(P＞0.05).Conclusion The pMIR-NFAT5 recombinant plasmid and pMIR-NFAT5 recombinant mutated plasmid were confirmed with successful construction.and it was found that miR-155 can target NFAT5 mRNA 3'-UTR.The results provide the experiment data for further disclosing the mechanism of inhalation injury on the level of gene expression.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiological characteristics and patterns of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis wounds in order to provide reliable data for further clinical research.

METHODSRecords of patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis wounds hospitalized from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, nationality, family background, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, primary lesion, and history of injury.

RESULTSTuberculosis wounds were found in 235 patients among 5 863 patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for 4.0%. Among the patients with tuberculosis wounds, there were 139 male and 96 female, and the ratio of male to female was 1.4: 1.0. The age of patients ranged from 1 to 87 (37 +/- 18) years old, and the highest incidence occurred in patients older than 15 and younger than or equal to 30 years old (100 cases, accounting for 42.6%). Most patients with tuberculosis wounds were Han, and only 11 patients were minorities, accounting for 4.7%. Tuberculosis wounds were more prevalent in rural areas (163 cases, accounting for 69.4%), with a smaller number in urban areas (72 cases, accounting for 30.6%). The BCG vaccination rate was 13.6%. The main primary lesions were lymph node infection (112 cases, accounting for 47.7%), among which involvement of cervical lymph nodes accounted for the highest ratio ( 99 cases, accounting for 88.4%). Twenty-one patients had the traffic accident etc. injury history recently, among which 19 were male and 2 were female.

CONCLUSIONSTuberculosis wound, with certain incidence, was more frequently found among young adults from rural areas. The BCG vaccination rate was low among the patients and the main primary lesion was tuberculosis of cervical lymph nodes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Lymph Nodes ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rural Population ; Tuberculosis ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; epidemiology ; Urban Population ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To treat complex wounds of the chest wall tuberculosis by the use of wound healing techniques (focal debridement + the VSD) and joint plastic surgery (transfer of skin flap, skin graft, flap stuffing, etc) and to explore the clinical features of the tuberculous chest wound, the feasibility and effectiveness of treatments.Methods Clinical data of 11 hospitalized patients with chest wall tuberculosis were collected during 2012-2014.The therapeutic effect, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and postoperative follow-up were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 7 cases using lesion debridement, VSD suction drainage and local flap repair (skin grafting), 6 cases were cured.The response rate was 90.9%.All 4 cases using debridement and local flap repair (skin grafting) were cured.Only one case of recurrence was observed during the follow-up period of 3-34 months.Conclusions Using of wound healing techniques with plastic surgery is an effective treatment, which has good therapeutic effect on the wound deeply infiltrated.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolated from Zhenjiang area to 13 routinely used antibiotics and identify the structure and dissemination of class Ⅰ integron. Methods K-B test was used to determine the resistant rate of 71 strains of P. aeruginosa. DNA template was extracted by boiling method, PCR method was utilized to detect class Ⅰintegron, and subsequently gene cassettes were analyzed by sequencing. Results The resistant rates to 13 routinely used antibiotics were quite different from 18. 3 to 77.5% among 71 strains of P. aeruginosa. The prevalence of class Ⅰ integron was 38%. These integrons include 5 gene cassettes ( aadB, aac (6) - Ⅱ , PSE-Ⅰ , dfrA17 and aadAS), in which dfrA17 and aadA5 gene cassette were frequently found. Comparing with the negative strains of integron, the positive strains of integron has obviously higher resistance to ten the antibiotics including piporacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, gentamicin,amikacin, tobmmycin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Conclusions The resistant rates of P. aeruginosa to 13 drugs were different, and the resistant rates of integron positive strains were obviously higher than integron negative strains, which indicates that integron may play an important role in multidrug reisistance of P. aeruginoosa.

Objective:To evaluate the early efficacy and safety of transnasal endoscopic decompression in the annulus of zinn (AZ) region for refractory dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) and to preliminarily analyze the correlated factors of postoperative visual function outcome.Methods:From July 2021 to January 2023, 35 patients (56 eyes) with DON who received AZ area decompression in Peking University Third Hospital were included retrospectively, including 9 males (13 eyes) and 26 females (43 eyes), aging (52.2±12.0) years. Among them, 35 eyes underwent two-wall (medial and inferior) orbital decompression using an endonasal endoscopic approach, while 21 eyes received three-wall (medial, lateral, and inferior) orbital decompression through a combined approach. Key parameters such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field (MD value), eyeball prominence, intraocular pressure, and complications were recorded. Postoperative data were collected one month after surgery. The statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test and Spearman correlation analysis. Results:Significant outcomes were observed post surgery in BCVA, visual field, intraocular pressure and proptosis ( t value was 8.37, 6.17, 4.50, and 9.20, respectively, all P<0.001). The reduction in proptosis was statistically significant between the 2-wall and 3-wall orbital decompression groups ( t=-2.82, P=0.007). Changes in BCVA, visual field, and intraocular pressure before and after surgery was greater in the 3-wall orbital decompression group compared to 2-wall orbital decompression group, although the difference was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Change in postoperative visual acuity and visual field was significantly positively correlated with preoperative visual acuity and preoperative visual field (all P<0.001). Similarly, change in intraocular pressure and proptosis was positively correlated with preoperative intraocular pressure and preoperative protrusion (all P<0.001). Preoperative diplopia was reported in seven patients (20.0%), and two new cases (5.7%) were noted post-operation, which resolved within 3 months after surgery. Conclusions:Endoscopic endonasal decompression of the AZ area is a safe and effective surgical treatment for DON, with notable improvements in BCVA. Furthermore, three-orbital wall decompression seems to yield better outcomes in terms of eye retraction.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively explore the effectiveness of surgical intervention model for repairing the tuberculosis wound with sinus tract.

METHODSForty-three patients with tuberculosis wound with sinus tract who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the 309th Hospital of PLA from January 2010 to October 2015. These patients were divided into test group (n=38) and control group (n=5) according to the different treatment and patient's consent. Patients in test group were treated as follows. Firstly, antituberculosis drugs were taken orally for at least 3 weeks, and the wounds were accurately assessed using magnetic resonance imaging combined with 3-dimensional reconstruction software. Then sinus tract and its surrounding devitalized tissue were completely excised, and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) treatment with negative pressure value of -26.6 kPa was performed for 1 to 2 weeks (dressing change was performed per 7 days). Lastly, the wounds were covered through direct suture or grafting skin or flap. Patients in control group were firstly given antituberculosis drugs orally for at least 3 weeks, and then they were treated with routine dressing change in outpatient service every 3 days. After the former therapy, patients in both groups were given antituberculosis drugs by oral administration for at least 6 months and were followed up for 6 to 36 months. Detection of Bacillus tuberculosis, Acid-fast bacilli, and tuberculosis granuloma, wound healing time, and relapse of tuberculosis wound in patients of both groups were recorded. The rates of single sinus tract, two sinus tracts, and more than or equal to 3 sinus tracts of patients in test group were recorded. Data were processed with Fisher's exact test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test.

RESULTSBacillus tuberculosis was respectively detected in wounds of 5 patients in test group and 2 patients in control group. Acid-fast bacilli were positively expressed in wounds of 8 patients in test group and 3 patients in control group. A typical tuberculosis granuloma phenomenon was observed in the wounds of 27 patients in test group and 4 patients in control group. These differences in above-mentioned 3 indexes between two groups were not statistically significant (with P values respectively 0.238 4, 0.154 4, 1.000 0). The median of wound healing time of patients in test group was 19.6 d, which was significantly shorter than that in control group (94.4 d, χ(2)=12.986 0, P=0.000 3). There were 2 and 1 patients with recurrent tuberculosis wound in test group and control group respectively, without statistically significant difference (P=0.363 0). Among patients in test group, the rate of single sinus tract was 23.7%(9/38), the rate of two sinus tracts was 28.9%(11/38), and the rate of more than or equal to 3 sinus tracts was 47.4% (18/38).

CONCLUSIONSRepairing the tuberculosis wound with sinus tract in surgical intervention model of antituberculosis therapy+ accurate wound assessment+ debridement+ VSD treatment+ surgical repair is beneficial to making the optimal operation plan under the premise of knowing location of sinus tract, which can reduce surgical risk.

Debridement ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberculosis ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Wound Healing

Transcriptomics technology has shown remarkable application effects in multiple disease fields, but its application in severe burns, especially in the field of burn sepsis, is still superficial. The use of transcriptomics and big data methods to solve the long-standing challenges of severe burns, especially in the field of burn sepsis, has great prospects and significance. This article comprehensively discusses the application value, current status, and future prospects of transcriptomics in the study of severe burns, especially burn sepsis, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of severe burns.