Cerebral small vessel disease (CVSD) is a group of small vascular diseases involving small arteries,arterioles,small veins,venules,and capillaries.The imaging findings were lacunar infarction,cerebral microbleeds,cerebral white matter lesions,and perivascular space expansion.In recent years,the incidence of CSVD is increasing,which brings different degree of economic burden to the families and society.It becomes the focus of research at present.The permeability change of blood-brain barrier is the main reason for the onset of CSVD.This article reviews the relationship between the integrity of blood-brain barrier and CSVD.