The sickness was evaluated in 1943 children with ages ranged from 11 to 16 years in Hoan Kiem district for 2 months in 2001. The results showed that in overall, the rate of sick children is 31.7%. This rate is highest in the 11 year children (41%) and lowest in the 16 year children (23.5%). The rate of sickness in the school children is 32.5% and in the non school children is 19.4%.
Health ; Child

No abstract available.
Child ; Child Health* ; Child* ; Humans

This study was to evaluate the effect of technical support in terms of providing training on integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) to commune health centers of Quynh Phu district and Hung Ha district of Thai Binh province. The results of a comparison between the baseline survey in 2002 and the follow-up survey in 2004 showed that case management of health workers in 2 districts had improved significantly and were more comprehensive in terms of assessment, classification, treatment and counseling mothers. The proportion of correct assessment of cases on general danger signs increased by 47.5%. The proportion of correct assessment of cases on main symptoms (cough, diarrhea and fever) increased by 63.4%, on the correct classification of cases increased by 72,5% and the correct drug use increased by 46.7%. Th proportion of caregivers/mothers received proper advice on drug use, proper feeding and follow-up increased by 43.5%, 34.9% and 41.1%, respectively
Health ; epidemiology ; child ; health staffs

ABSTRACT Thalassemia is an inherited disorder that involves abnormal haemoglobin formation. This cross-sectional study with universal sampling was conducted from May 2018 to January 2019 to evaluate the oral health status of children with thalassaemia. The sample consisted of 54 transfusion-dependent patients between the ages of 3–17 years old, who were registered at the paediatric day-care centre of Hospital Melaka. Oral health status was evaluated which included soft tissue examination, recording of dental caries, malocclusion and oral hygiene status of the children, while their parents answered a pre-validated self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic and oral health practices and attitudes. The mean deft (decayed, exfoliated and filled teeth) among the 3–5 years old was 6.71±6.07. The mean DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) was 3.00±3.94 among the 13–17 years old and 1.12±1.42 among the 6–12 years old. Most of the 3–5 years old children exhibited good oral hygiene (71.4%). Dentofacial findings among the 3–5 years old were increased overjet (35.7%) and open bite (28.6%) predominantly. Fractured teeth (69.2%), increased overjet (46.2%) and discolouration (23.1%) were the common dentofacial findings among the 6–12 years old while increased overjet (71.4%), soft tissue lesions (57.1%) and posterior crossbite (28.6%) were seen among the 13–17 years old. In this cohort of children with thalassaemia, the prevalence of dental caries was high in preschool children and older children.
Oral Health ; Child Health ; Thalassemia

Maternal morbidity and mortality remain major global concerns in developing and underdeveloped countries. Various international interventions have been made over the last 50 years but with essentially the same targets and indicators. This review traced the development of programs on maternal and child health based on major global policies, from the 1978 Declaration on Primary Health Care to the Millennium and Sustainable Development Goals, and related the approach they engendered to the Philippine experience. Health outcomes have not significantly improved despite adherence to recommended goals and programs. New strategies purportedly propose novel and innovative methods, but are burdened by essentially the same old presumptions: government resources are limited, and interventions need to be supported by whatever funds are available. Preference for low-cost and measurable programs providing minimal essential care persists with the current socio-economic conditions characterized by neoliberal and conservative policies. There is a need to return to the fundamentals of the Comprehensive Primary Health Care, linking the health of vulnerable groups, like women and children, to social and economic development. Inter-agency and multi-sectoral approach, community participation and empowerment, real political commitment and major rethinking are needed in national and international discourses on health not just to attain better maternal and child health but to achieve health for all.
Maternal Health ; Child Health ; Primary Health Care

No abstract available.
Child ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Immunization* ; Child Health

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of school children's internet addiction and to explicit the relationship among the internet addiction, family environment and school adjustment. METHOD: The subjects of the study were 640 students from 5th and 6th year children of five elementary schools in G city. The data were analyzed by SAS program with frequency, percentage, means, standard deviation, chi2-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. RESULT: In the degree of the internet addiction were 10.0% of addiction group, 58.0% of intermediate group, and 32.0% of nonaddiction group. There were significant differences in family environment score(F=25.09, p=.0001) and school adjustment score(F=34.46, p=.0001) regarding internet addiction degree. The relationship among internet addiction score, family environment score and school adjustment score revealed a significant inverse correlation(r=-0.32, p=.0001, r=-0.35, p=.0001). And the relationship between family environment score and school adjustment score revealed a significant correlation(r=0.52, p=.0001). CONCLUSION: The degree of school children's internet addiction has been found to be very high and correlated to the family environment and school adjustment. Therefore, programs should be developed in order to improve this situation.
Child ; Humans ; Internet* ; Child Health

Child ; Humans ; Adult ; Child Health

The month age is a very important index in the health care for children. There are many factors affect to the information of children’s birthday. A common main factor is the confusion of lunar with solar calendar. The data of birth date collected from 547 children in Thanh Hãa province showed that a significant number of children have the birth date that were recorded by lunar calendar, result in errors in determining their age of month. The authors have proposed computer software that could change automatically the lunar day to the solar day.
Child ; Delivery of Health Care

Background: The strategy of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) was developed as an approach/tool for reducing the childhood mortality in developing countries. IMCI was approved by the Ministry of Health of Viet Nam and has been implemented in more than 3500 communal health centers nationwide. Aims: 1) To discover the quality of health care services for children under-5 and the situation of IMCI in health facilities. 2) To propose solutions to improve the quality of health care services for children. Materials and method: The cross-sectional study using quantitative and qualitative approaches conducted 58 direct observations in health workers, interviewed 58 caretakers, comprehensively interviewed 20 local leaders and technical staffs, facilitated 12 focal group discussions and reviewed 120 records of 12 commune health centers. Results: IMCI was considered by all of the participants as a comprehensive approach to improving the quality of childhood health care at first-level health facilities. IMCI contributed towards improved case management skills of health workers, improved the supply of essential drugs and supplies for child health care. As a result, the quality of health services for children under-5 has been promoted (93% of illness children were correctly assessed and classified, 84.6% of them were correctly treated and counseled). Health workers in Ly Nhan district, Ha Nam province adhered to 8.4+/-1.5 out of 10 essential steps of comprehensive child health care. Contrarily, this indicator was low in the districts of Bac Giang province (4.8+/-1.5), not much different to untrained IMCI health workers. Conclusion: IMCI is a useful strategy to improving the quality of child health care. But there were some difficulties that affected the implementation of this strategy in first-level health facilities.
IMCI ; Child health care