ObjectiveTo evaluate prognostic factors and the surgical results of pulmonary carcinoid tumors.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 62 patients who were diagnosed as pulmonary carcinoid tumors between January 2000 and October 2010 at Department of Thoracic Surgery,Shanghai Chest Hospital.The following information was available for each of the 62 patients:age,sex,pathological type,and TNM stage.ResultsThere were no operative death.The 3-year and 5-year survival rates after surgery were 92.1％ and 77.8％,respectively.Of the 62 patients,42 were diagnosed as typical carcinoid tumor,and among them,4 patients (8.3％) had lymph node metastases.Their 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 97.8％ and 94.7％,respectively.The remaining 20 patients were diagnosed as atypical carcinoid tumor,and among them,6 patients (37.5％) had lymph node metastases.Their 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 84.4％ and 58.8％,which were statistically significant compared with typical carcinoid tumor( P =0.0047 ).There was significant difference in survival rate between the patients with lymph node metastases and the patients without lymph node metastases (P =0.0048).CondusionThe main risk factors affecting survival rate of those patients who were diagnosed as pulmonary carcinoid tumors were pathological types and lymph node metastases.

Objective To study the distribution and clinicopathological characteristics between VEGF-C and pefitumoral lymph vessels density(PLVD) in breast cancer tissue, and to investigate the development and the mechanism of breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL). Methods VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 were detected by using immunohistochemical technique for the detection of VEGF-C and its receptor VEGFR-3 in forty-seven breast cancer specimens. We measured the patients' circumferences of bilateral upper limbs to determine whether there was lymphoedema and made classification in the follow-ups. Results VEGF-C was positive in 33 out of 47 cases. PLVD significantly increased in VEGF-C positive groups (30.39±10. 46) than in negative groups (23.16±11.67) (P<0.05). VEGF-C semi-quantitative score was in a positive correlation with PLVD (r=0.334). The positive expression rate (42.55%) and semi-quantitative score (3.68±1.59) of VEGF-C increased in the lymph node positive group than in the negative group, PLVD increased in the lymph node positive group compared with that in negative group (32.12±10.29 vs. 24.82±11.06), P<0.05. The risk of lymphoedema increased in the VEGF-C negative group (5/14) compared with that in the positive group (3/33) (P<0.05). Conclusion VEGF-C has a high rate of positive expression in breast cancer, and is positively correlated with PLVD. High expression of VEGF-C can reduce the risk of BCRL in breast cancer.

Objective To study the locations, types and causes of different pseudoaneurysms in order to find out the optimal individualized treatment for different pseudoaneurysms. Methods Different methods were applied in treating 21 patients with pseudoaneurysm, which were located at limb (n = 11 ), spleen (n =3), kidney (n = 2) , common lilac artery (n = 1), internal iliac artery (n = 1), gallbladder (n = 1) and penis (n = 1 ). Different managements were employed in treating these pseudoaneurysms. Temporary obstruction of blood circulation with balloon together with arterial anastomosis or direct incision neoplasty was performed in 9 cases with pseudoaneurysms at limb arteries close to the larger joints. Endovascular stent graft was used to isolate the trunk type of pseudoaneurysm in 4 cases, in 2 of them branch arterial embolism and stent graft endovascular exclusion were applied as they had common iliae artery trunk type of pseudoaneurysm at the opening of internal iliac artery. Gelfoam together with metallic coils embolization was employed in 6 cases with terminal type of pseudoaneurysms. Results After different treatments, tumor cavities disappeared in the 21 cases with pseudoaneurysms. Distal arterial pulse returned to normal and no nerve damage occurred in 11 cases with limb pseudoaneurysms. No internal hemorrhage was observed and distal blood circulation returned to normal after graft endovascular exclusion in 2 eases with pseudoaneurysms at spleen artery trunk and in 2 cases with pseudoaneurysms at iliac artery trunk. In 6 cases with terminal type of pseudoaneurysms,the tumor cavity disappeared, hemorrhage stopped and no ischemic necrosis of organ occurred. But one of them with multiple traumatic pseudoaneurysms located at the second grade branch died one week after embolism due to a serious pelvic trauma accompanied with serious infection. Conclusion Based on the locations, types and causes of pseudoaneurysms, different individualized treatment should be adopted in order to obtain optimal results with least damages.

The receptor of the heart transplantation was a patient with terminal dilated cardiomyopathy, the donor was a patient with congenital ventricular septal defect, in situ double-chamber heart transplantation was performed, and the result of the four-year follow-up was satisfactory. At present, donor is deficient,and those donors with congenital defect can also obtain satisfactory clinical application effects after appropriate handling.

ObjectiveTo retrospectively investigate the clinical results of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for pulmonary pure ground-glass opacity.MethodsThe clinical data of 45 patients with pGGO underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery were collected.The gender constitution,age,smoking status,surgical procedures,lesion size,histological types of tumor,lymph node metastasis and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe numbers of females and non-smokers were significantly larger than those of males and smokers.All 45 patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.37 patients of solitary pGGO were all operated with cure intention.27 of the 37 patients received local resection ( wedge resection in 18 or segment resection in 9),and the other 10 patients underwent lobectomy.There are 8 patients of multiple nodes.Amongthese,6 were operated with cure intention,while 2 received VATS biopsy.Pathological examinations after operation revealed that there were 31 cases of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and 14 cases of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia.And there was no lymph node metastasis.The diameters of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma lesions were significantly longer than those of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia lesions( P ＜ 0.05 ).Patients were followed up for 4 months to 6 years,and all survived without local recurrence and distant metastasis.ConclusionThe diameters of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma lesions are longer than those of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia lesions.Video-assisted thoracoscopic sublobectomy for pulmonary pure ground-glass opacity may achive excellent clinical results.Computed tomography-guided localization is a useful,safe procedure.

Objective To explore the relationship between G-protein β3 subunit (GNB3) gene C825T polymor?phism and the weight gain of schizophrenics treated with olanzapine. Methods Ninety schizophrenics of first time hospi?talization were collected and treated with olanzapine for 12 weeks. The changes of body weight and body mass index (BMI) were detected before and after 12-week olanzapine treatment. The GNB3 gene C825T polymorphism in patients was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing technique. The correlation of GNB3 gene C825T polymorphism and change of clinical parameters was analyzed. Results Body weight and BMI in patients were all increased significantly after treatment (all P<0.01). Weight gain rate (WGR) and increase of BMI in the TT genotype group were higher than those in the CC genotype group (all P<0.01). WGR and increase of BMI in the T-allele carrier (TT and CT genotypes) were higher than those in the T-allele non-carrier (CC genotype) (all P<0.01). There was signifi?cant difference in distribution of genotypes between WGR ≥7% group (CC 15.69%, CT 54.90%, TT 29.41%) and WGR <7% group (CC 38.46%, CT 43.59%, TT 17.95%) (P<0.05). The frequency of T-allele in the WGR≥7% group (63.33%) was higher than that in the WGR<7%group (39.74%) (P<0.05). Multi-variable linear regression indicated that TT genotype (contrasted with CC genotype) was an influential factor for change of body weight after treatment with olan?zapine (β=1.83, standardized β=0.29, P<0.01). Conclusions The GNB3 gene C825T polymorphism is associated with olanzapine-induced weight gain.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the efficacy and advantage of minimally invasive esophagectomy for surgical treatment of submucosal esophageal cancer compared to conventional open procedure.

METHODSClinical data of consecutive 168 patients with stage T1b submucosal esophageal cancer undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE, esophagectomy by thoracoscope, stomach freeing by laparoscope or open abdomen, cervical esophagogastric anastomosis) or conventional open esophagectomy (OE) at the Shanghai Chest Hospital between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Intraoperative and postoperative information was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSBoth groups were equally stratified by sex, body mass index and age. No patient of MIE group was transferred to open operation. As compared to the OE group, the MIE group had significantly more harvest lymph nodes (median 12 vs. median 9, P=0.004), lower rate of postoperative pneumonia [5.8% (4/69) vs. 21.2% (21/99), P=0.011] and pleural effusion [8.7% (6/69) vs. 23.2% (23/99), P=0.027], and shorter hospital stay (median 11 d vs. median 14 d, P=0.041), but positive margin was found in 1 case. There were no significant differences of respiratory failure, pneumothorax, atrial arrhythmia, pulmonary embolism, recurrent nerve palsy, anastomotic leak, reoperations and 30-day mortality between the two groups. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed recurrent nerve palsy, anastomotic leak and surgical approach were found to be the main factors of hospital stay within postoperative 12 days, while leakage when the in-hospital time more than 12 days. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the surgical approach was the independent factor of hospital stay, MIE could shorten the hospital stay (P=0.013).

CONCLUSIONMIE should be considered as the standard approach in the treatment of T1b submucosal esophageal cancer.

Anastomotic Leak ; China ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Esophagectomy ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of patients with pancreatic cancer using a new nano microfluidic chip and to explore the relationship between CTCs and clinicopathological feature,postoperative recurrence and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.Methods The peripheral blood samples of 53 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent curative resection in the second affiliated hospital of Jiaxing college of medicine were collected from January 2015 to January 2017.The CTCs from peripheral blood were detected by novel nano microfluidic chip.The cut-off value for CTCs-positive and negative groups was 1 CTC.The relationship between CTCs positive and postoperative recurrence and prognosis of pancreatic cancer were evaluated.Results The number of CTCs for 23 pancreatic cancer of 53 patients ranged from 5 to 196 per ml,and the mean number was 78.5 ± 44.7 per ml;the rate of CTCs-positive patients was 43.4％ (23/53).There were significant correlation between CTCs with vascular invasion (P =0.001),but but CTCs was not correlated with the gender,age,the presence of clinical symptoms,tumor size,pathological type,lymph metastasis and TNM stage.31 patients had tumor recurrence,and the rate of tumor recurrence was 58.5％.Among them,there were 13 cases with tumor local recurrence,10 cases with tumor distant metastasis (including liver,lung,kidney,etc.) and 8 cases with both tumor local recurrence and distant metastasis.The median recurrence free survival time of all patients was 14.0 months (13.0-17.0) and the median overall survival time was 19.0 months (15.5-24.0).The cumulative one-year and two-year recurrence free survival rate were 66.9％,12.2％ for patients with CTCs-positive and 88.3％,42.2％ for CTCs-negative patients,and the differences were statistically significant (both P ＜ 0.05).The cumulative one-year and two-year overall survival rate were 85.4％,33.6％ for patients with CTCs-positive and 96.3％,62.2％ for CTCs-negative.There was no difference in statistics in cumulative one-year overall survival rate and with a statistically significant difference in cumulative two-year overall survival rate (P =0.028).Conclusions Peripheral blood CTCs of pancreatic cancer can be effectively detected by a novel nano microfluidic chip.There were significant correlation between CTCs with vascular invasion and survival time after surgery.CTCs may be a potential prognostic indicator of the postoperative recurrence and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Objective As the population ages,clinicians are increasingly confronted with octogenarians with early-staged non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).We reviewed the outcomes of octogenarians who underwent lobectomy for clinical stagc Ⅰ NSCLC,to determine whether there was a benefit to the VATS approach in this group,and to analysis the risk factors of complication and survival.Methods We conducted a retrospective single-institution review of patients age 80 years or greater who underwent lobectomy for NSCLC from January 2006 to December 2016.Clinical outcomes including complication rate and survival rate were analyzed.Results 162 octogenarians underwent lobectomy:98 VATS and 64 through open thoracotomy.Compared with thoracotomy,VATS patients had fewer complications (14.3 ％ vs.28.1％,P =0.03),shorter length of tube duration [(3.5 ± 1.5) days vs.(4.9 ± 2.0) days,P =0.04],and shorter length of stay [(5.5 ± 2.1) days vs.(7.8 ± 3.5) days,P =0.04].For patients with pathologic stage Ⅰ disease,the 5-year overall survival was 64.5％,for stage Ⅱ was 38.1％,and for stage Ⅲ was 20.1％.The 5-year overall survival rates of pathological stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ,Ⅲ are of significant differences(P =0.001).In a multivariate logistic regression analysis,the approach of thoracotomy emerged as an independent predictor of complication (OR =1.94,95％ CI 1.214-5.135,P =0.03).In a multivariate COX regression analysis,pathological stage(OR =2.01,95％C1 1.453-5.865,P=0.03) and ASA(OR =1.81,95％CI 1.188-4.015,P =0.04) are independent predictors of over survival.Conclusion Octogenarians with NSCLC can undergo resection with low mortality and survival among stage Ⅰ patients,which is comparable with the general lung cancer population.The VATS approach reduces morbidity in this age demographic,resulting in shorter length of tube duration and shorter stay,while the approach of thoracotomy is an independent predictor of complication.Our study also demonstrated that pathological stage and ASA are independent predictors of overall survival rate.

Objective:To discuss the safety and feasibility for the use of 3D uniportal VATS sleeve resection.Methods:Totally 32 patients with central lung cancer received 3D uniportal VATS sleeve resection(group A) from June 2017 to May 2020 at Shanghai Chest Hospital. Meanwhile, 63 patients received conventional VATS sleeve resection(group B). The clinicopathological and perioperative outcome data were retrospectively collected and analyzed.Results:The baseline clinicopathological characteristics between these two groups were statistically similar. Compared with group B, the mean operative time[(174.19±73.69)min vs.(212.46±50.02)min, P=0.004] and blood loss[(73.13±42.70)ml vs.(130.48±133.72)ml, P=0.020] of group A were decreased, harvested lymph node stations was increased(7.63±1.59 vs. 6.76±1.70, P=0.018). Lymph nodes dissected showed no statistical difference(1.31±1.58 vs 1.21±1.96, P=0.803). There was no intraoperative death in both groups. Inspiringly, group A possessed lower rate of conversion to thoracotomy(0 vs. 36.5%, P=0.000), shorter chest drainage durations[(4.88±1.15)days vs.(6.81±3.8)days, P=0.007]. Although there were no deaths during hospitalization in both groups, the incidence of postoperative complications in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(25.0% vs. 47.6%, P=0.046). It also presented more complicated operations including pulmonary artery plasty(25.0% vs. 6.3%, P=0.024) and carina plasty(12.5% vs. 1.6%, P=0.005) against group B. Conclusion:3D uniportal VATS was a safe and feasible technique for the surgical treatment of central lung cancer when conducting a thoracoscopic sleeve resection.