Objective To observe the distribution of aerobic bacteria in conjunctival sac of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and the sensitive antimicrobial agents in order to master the distribution of bacteria in the conjunctival sac and select sensitive antibiotics to decrease the infection rate and improve the therapeutic effect. Methods From March 2013 to August 2016, 248 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy were treated with aerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility test. The distribution characteristics of aerobic bacteria in conjunctival sac and the sensitivity of antibiotics were observed. Results There were 112 strains in this study, the positive rate was 45.16% (including 8 cases of mixed infection), including 104 strains of gram-positive bacteria, 92.86% of gram-negative bacteria and 7.14% of gram-negative bacteria, the difference was statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Among them, the positive rate of staphylococcus epidermidis higher than other types of strains, the difference were all significant differences (P all<0.05). The sensitivity of vancomycin to gram-positive bacteria 100% was higher than that of, ofloxacin 13.46%,ciprofloxacin 21.15%,gentamicin 69.23% and rifampicin 88.46%, (P all<0.05). The sensitivity of gentamicin to gram-negative bacteria 87.50% was higher than that of rifampicin 0 and vancomycin 12.50%, (P all<0.05). Positive rate of culture results and staphylococcal multidrug resistance rate were 72.94%,31.76%, the incidence of >65 years of age were higher than ≤ 65 years old 30.67%,12.27%, male 51.61%,23.12% than female 25.81%,6.45%, there are basic diseases 69.15%,31.91% were higher than those without underlying diseases30.54%,11.04%, (P<0.05). Staphylococcus number composition ratio, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion To strengthen the observation of aerobic bacteria and the sensitivity of commonly used antimicrobial agents in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, especially the high risk population, it is helpful to master the distribution characteristics of bacterial conjunctival sac and sensitive antimicrobial agents, so as to achieve the preoperative conjunctival sac Bacteria and reduce the rate of infection and other purposes.

Uncontrolled and persistent inflammation is closely related to numerous acute and chronic diseases. However, effective targeting delivery systems remain to be developed for precision therapy of inflammatory diseases. Herein we report a novel strategy for engineering inflammation-accumulation nanoparticles via phenolic functionalization. Different phenol-functionalized nanoparticles were first developed, which can undergo in situ aggregation upon triggering by the inflammatory/oxidative microenvironment. Phenolic compound-decorated poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles, in particular tyramine (Tyr)-coated nanoparticles, showed significantly enhanced accumulation at inflammatory sites in mouse models of colitis, acute liver injury, and acute lung injury, mainly resulting from in situ cross-linking and tissue anchoring of nanoparticles triggered by local myeloperoxidase and reactive oxygen species. By combining a cyclodextrin-derived bioactive material with Tyr decoration, a multifunctional nanotherapy (TTN) was further developed, which displayed enhanced cellular uptake, anti-inflammatory activities, and inflammatory tissue accumulation, thereby affording amplified therapeutic effects in mice with colitis or acute liver injury. Moreover, TTN can serve as a bioactive and inflammation-targeting nanoplatform for site-specifically delivering a therapeutic peptide to the inflamed colon post oral administration, leading to considerably potentiated in vivo efficacies. Preliminary studies also revealed good safety of orally delivered TTN. Consequently, Tyr-based functionalization is promising for inflammation targeting amplification and therapeutic potentiation of nanotherapies.