Objective To investigate the expression of EphrinB2 and microvessel density(MVD) in colorectal carcinoma and to analyze the relationship between the expression of EphrinB2 and the biological characteristics of colorectal carcinoma. Methods EphrinB2 and MVD of 63 colorectal carcinoma diagnosed by pathology were examined by immunohistochemistry, and 25 specimens from normal colorectal tissue were examined as controls. Results The expression of EphrinB2 protein was 82.0 % (51/63) in colorectal carcinoma and 32.0 % (8/25) in the normal colorectal tissues, the difference was significant (P <0.05). Meanwhile, MVD was significantly higher in EphrinB2 positive group (39.39±8.97) than that in negative group (33.00 ±10.19) (P<0.05). The expression of EphrinB2 protein had significant positive correlation with differentiation grade, infiltration, lymph node metastases and clinical stage (P <0.05), and had no relation to age, sex, tumor size and location(P >0.05). Conclusion The EphrinB2 protein expression increase may be involved in development of colorectal carcinoma and play important roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal carcinoma.

Objective To observe the value of the high frequency color Doppler uItrasonography in emergency operation of flexor tendon injuries in the hand.Methods Totally 21 patients of flexor tendon injuries in the hand underwent surgical exploration with high frequency probe.The extent of the tendon injuries,the retracted parts of the ruptured tendon and the blood supply were observed.Results The extent of the tendon injuries,the poison of broken ends were clearly distinguished with high frequency probe.The continuous tendon fibrous of layered high echo and sheath thin layer low echo complete broke and replaced with low or no echo.Conclusion Intraoperative uhrasonography of flexor tendon iniuries is important tO shorten operation time,reduce the injury of surrounding tissues,relieve local adhesion and ensure vascular recanalization after operation.

Objective To explore the application of cardiac operation under direct vision through Lower median ministernotomy,and to search the new methods to improve the orthodox cardiac operation under direct vision.Methods The method of the cardiac operation under direct vision through lower median ministernotomy was used to 296 cases with heart disease who needed cardiac surgery,including 250 cases with congenital heart disease,40 cases with rheumatic heart disease,5 cases with left atrial myxom and 1 case with coronary heart disease.Results All cases performed the cardiac operation under direct vision through lower Median ministernotomy successfully without death and any residual.Conclusion The cardiac operation under direct vision through lower median ministernotomy can be used in majority cardiac operation under direct vision,it has well surgical and cosmetic result,but cannot be used in treating some patients with complex cardiac deformity or large heart.

ObjectiveTo detect methylation status of the 5'CpG island locating in the promoter region of p27 gene in gastric carcinoma and to analyze the relationship between the aberrant methylaion of p27 gene and the bionomics of gastric carcinoma.MethodsMethylation-specific PCR were used to detect the methylation status of p27 in gastric carcinoma( n =49), adjacent tissue of carcinoma ( n =20) and normal tissue(n =10), respectively.ResultsThe mathylation rate is 49％ (24/49) for gastria cancer, 25％(5/20) for tumor-sideward mucosa and 0 (0/10)for normal mucosa.There was a significant positive correlation between gastric carcinoma specimens and normal mucosa specimens ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). There was no significant diference between normal gastric group and tumor-sideward mucosa group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ) and no significant diference between tumor-sideward mucosa group and tumor group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The mathylation rate of p27 gene with lymph node metastases (61％) are higher than those without metastasis (28％) (P ＜ 0. 05). And there is no relation on patients' age, sex, tumor size and location.Conclusionp27 gene methylation of the p27 gene is correlated to oncogenesis and metastasis of gastric carcinoma and could lead to the loss of p27mRNA transcription.

Objective To examine the frequency and mode of distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall. Methods Thirty-four specimens from low and middle rectal cancer were collected between August 2004 and December 2005 in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University. Twenty-eight specimens of low and middle rectal cancer were collected between October 2006 and October 2007 in Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong University. All 62 specimens were studied using large slices stained with CK20. Logistic regression was used to analyze clinicopathologic factors related to distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall. Results Two types of distal spread of the tumor were observed in rectal wall: submucosa invasion and muscularis propria invasion. Distal spread in rectal wall was observed in 16% (10/62) of the patients. The length of distal spread in rectal wall was found from O. 5 cm to 1.0 cm. Four types of distal spread of the tumor were observed in mesorectum: lymph node invasion, blood and lymphatic vessel invasion, perineural invasion, isolated neoplastic microfoci. Distal spread in mesorectum was observed in 24% (15/62) of the patients. The length of distal spread in mesorectum was found from 0. 5 cm to 4. 0 cm. Three more cases with microcapillary invasion in distal mesorectum was observed by immunohistochemical technique, which was difficult to identify by conventional HE staining. Univariate analysis showed that serum CEA , lymph node invasion, CMI and TNM stage were correlated with distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall. TNM stage was shown to be independent impact factor by multivariate analysis( Wald = 9. 567, P =0. 002). Conclusion TNM stage is an independent impact factor for distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall. Resection of 1.5 cm for distal rectal wall is necessary for a curative intention, but it must be emphasized that the clearance for distal mesorectum should be 5 cm at least.

Objective To examine the frequency and mode of distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall to determine the optimal distal clearance in situ. Methods Thirty-four specimens with low and middle rectal cancer were collected in the pathologic study between August 2004 and December 2005 in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University,Twenty-eight specimens with low and middle rectal cancer were enrolled in the pathologic study between October 2006 and October 2007 in Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong University.Logistic regression wag used to analyze clinicopathoiogic factors related to distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall. Results Two types of disial spread of the tumor were identified in rectal wall:submucosa invasion and muscularis propda invasion.Distal spread in rectal wall was observed in 16%(10/62)of the patients.The length of distal spread in rectal wall was found from 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm.Four types of distal spread of the tumor were identified in mesorectum:lymph node invasion,blood and lymphatic vessel invasion,perineural invasion,isolated neoplastic microfoci.Distal spread in mesorectum was observed in 19%(12/62)of the patients.The length of distal spread in mesorectum was found from 0.5 cm to 4.0 cm.Univariate analysis showed that serum CEA,lymph node invasion.circumferential margin involvemenl and Dukes stage were correlated with distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall.Dukes stage was shown to be independent impact factor by multivariate analysis(Wald=8.386,P=0.004).Conclusion Dukes stage is an independent impaet factor for distal spread of low and middle rectal cancer in the mesorectum and rectal wall.Resection of 1.5 cm for distal rectal wall mandatory for a curative resection,provided that the clearance for distal mesorectum is no less than 5.0 cm.

Objective To explore the relationship between the abnormal expression of anti-oncogene PTEN in gastric carcinoma and the clinicopathological characteristics. Methods Mythylation specific PCR was applied to detect the expression of PTEN methylation in gastric carcinoma and their normal tissues from 45 patients. Results The methylation took place in 40.0 percent in gastric carcinoma and 2.2 percent in their normal tissues, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). The methylation rate in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was 60.0 percent ,while 15.0 percent in highly-moderately differentiated group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). In the 24 cases with lymph node metastasis, mythylation was observed in 13 cases, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The methylation of PTEN gene was associated with gastric carcinoma, it may play an important role in the development of the disease.

AIM: To explore the neuro-ophthalmological characteristics of acute macular neuroretinopathy(AMN)after SARS-CoV-2 infection.METHODS: A total of 8 patients(14 eyes), including 6 females and 2 males, who were diagnosed with AMN in the neuro-ophthalmology department of Xi'an No.1 Hospital(The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University)from December 27, 2022 to February 1, 2023 were included in the study. All patients had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection before the disease, and the results of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), non-contact indirect intraocular pressure measurement, fundus color photography, near infrared(IR), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT), OCT angiography(OCTA), fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA), indocyanine green angiography(ICGA), visual field, visual evoked potential(VEP), and electroretinogram(ERG)were collected. Furthermore, the neuro-opthalmology characteristics of the included patients were analyzed and summarized.RESULTS: The included 8 patients aged from 20 to 43, with an average age of(30±6.63)years old. The patients had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection 3 to 11(mean 5±3.51)d before the disease, and 6 out of 8 patients developed visual symptoms within 5 d of infection with SARS-CoV-2, with manifestated with decreased vision or visual scotoma. The visual acuity varied from 0.08 to 1.0, with visual field defect characterized by central, paracentral or peripheral scotoma. VEP showed prolongation latency of P100 or P2, and ERG revealed impaired function of retinal photoreceptor cell. In the early stage of the disease, the size and shape of early visual acuity, visual field, and extraretinal lesions in patients with AMN associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection may not match, and the lower the visual acuity, the later the VEP peaks.CONCLUSION: The neuro-ophthalmic features of SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated AMN require the attention of clinicians. In addition to multi-mode fundus imaging, clinicians should use a variety of methods to comprehensively evaluate visual function and prognosis of patients.