Tumor in the caudate lobe is difficult for surgical treatment due to its unusual local anatomy.As the development of surgical techniques,the success rate of caudate lobectomy is increased.In recent years,the concept of precision hepatectomy aiming to reduce the iatrogenic damage from hepatectomy and improving the recovery of patients on the basis of radical treatment has been raised.This article summarized the experiences of precision hepatectomy for the treatment of huge tumor in the caudate lobe which was performed in the Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University.With the help of precision hepatectomy concept and techniques,a more satisfactory result both in safety and prognosis was achieved.

BACKGROUND:Endoplasmic reticulum stress participates in the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease. GRP78 is a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress. The expression of GRP78 reflects the degree of endoplasmic reticulum stress.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of cyclic stretch on GRP78 expression of L6 rat myoblasts, and to identify the relationship between cyclic stretch and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
METHODS:In vitro culture-tensile stimulation models of myoblasts of L6 rats were established successful y. The expression of GRP78 of myoblasts exposed to cyclic stretch was determined by reverse transcription-PCR and western blot assay. Stretch groups were subjected to 15%surface elongation at a frequency of 10 cycles per minute, over a period of 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours. cells were simultaneously seeded on a plate in the control and experimental groups with no stimulation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expression of GRP78 mRNA was continuously elevated over time after stretched treatment, and significant differences were detected as compared with the control group (P<0.05). GRP78 protein expression began to increase at 1 hour after stretched treatment, was significantly increased at 6 hours, peaked at 24 hours, and significant differences were visible as compared with the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, cyclic stretch induced the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which was enhanced with prolonged time. However, prolonged stretch caused severe endoplasmic reticulum stress and leaded to apoptosis of myoblasts.

BACKGROUND:The adaptive reconstruction of maxil ofacial muscles would happen when functional orthopedic treatment is done to cure micromaxil ary deformity. The myoblast is the main responder in the process of adaptive reconstruction, and cyclic stretch can induce apoptosis of myoblasts. Caspase-9 is an important factor in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of Caspase-9 in different cyclic stretch.
METHODS:Based on myoblasts cultured in vitro-mechanical stimulation model, the rat L6 myoblasts were loaded stretch for 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours through multi-channel cellstress loading system, while the control group received no stretch. The morphological change and growth of myoblasts were observed under inverted phase contrast microscope;the expression of the mRNA and protein of Caspase-9 were detected by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under inverted phase contrast microscope, the rat L6 myoblasts at cyclic stretch maintained a good growth state and biological characteristics;there was no celldegeneration;and the loss rate was extremely low, which could demonstrate that myoblast in vitro-mechanical stimulation model was established successful y. The results of RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that, the expression of Caspase-9 mRNA and Cleaved Caspase-9 protein was significantly increased as the loading time prolonged, and the expression of Procaspase-9 protein was significantly decreased as the time. We can conclude that Caspase-9 is involved in the mechanical signal transduction of cyclic stretch.