Objective To investigate the effectiveness of microresection combined with radiofrequency ablation under laryngoscope and rigid telescope for laryngeal precancerosis. Methods Fifty-one patients with laryngeal precancerosis, which was diagnosed pathologically, were treated with microresection combined with radiofrequency ablation under laryngoscope and rigid telescope. The patients were followed up for over 6 months. Results During a mean of 26-month follow-up (6 months to 4.5 years), 7 of the patients had recurrence (vocal cord leukoplakia in 3, atypical hyperplasia in 2, and laryngeal papilloma in 2); 4 had carcinomatous change (vocal cord leukoplakia in 1, atypical hyperplasia in 2, and laryngeal papilloma in 1);and 2 patients developed laryngeal web after surgical treatment for bilateral vocal cord leukoplakia. One month after the operation, the Jitter, Shimmer, and NNE were decreased significantly (P

Objective To investigate the radiosensitizing effect of 17AAG-cypate micelles on human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells and its possible mechanism.Methods (1) A single-hit multi-target model formula was used to analyze the radiosensitizing effects of 17AAG-M and 17AAG-cypate-M.(2) The effects of 17AAG-cypate-M on the viability of A549 cells under laser and X-ray irradiation were analyzed by MTT assay.(3) The effect of the drugs on the cell senescence was observed by β-galactosidase staining assay.(4) The effects of different treatment conditions on DNA damage repair were analyzed by γ-H2AX immunofluorescence staining assay.(5) The expression of p-Erk1/2 and p-Akt was measured by Western blot.The paired t test was used for analyzing the differences between groups.Results Compared with the X-ray irradiation group,the X-ray+17AAG-cypate-M group had a lower mean lethal dose and a sensitization enhancement ratio greater than 1,indicating that 17AAG-cypate-M had a radiosensitizing effect.Compared with the 17AAG-M group,the 17AAG-cypate-M group showed significantly lower cell viability (P<0.01),a significantly higher percentage of aging cells (P<0.01),and significantly further delayed DNA damage repair (P<0.01).And the 17AAG-cypate-M group had lower expression of p-Erk1/2 and p-Akt than the 17AAG-M group.Conclusions Compared with 17AAG-M,17AAG-cypate-M has a higher radiosensitizing effect on A549 cells.The mechanism might be inducing the cell senescence,delaying DNA damage repair,and inhibiting the expression of p-Erk1/2 and p-Akt.

OBJECTIVE: This article summarizes the matters warranting consideration in adult cochlear implants before and after operation with different deafness causes and investigates the impact of etiological variables that affect hearing and speech ability rehabilitation after cochlear implantation. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative data of 30 adults who have received cochlear implantation, switch on, and periodical post operative mapping. 'Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire' was used for every patient during follow-up and test their hearing thresholds at one year after switched-on. The average score of every patient in the six aspects of questionnaire, along with the average hearing threshold, has been gathered. RESULT: The average hearing threshold of every patient is lower than 35 dBHL. The average score of 28 patients is more than or equal to 75 in the basic sound perception, advanced sound perception as well as self-esteem. The average score of 26 patients is more than or equal to 75 in capacity for action. Besides, as for sociability and speech ability, the average score of 22 patients is more than or equal to 75. CONCLUSION Auditory perception can be greatly improved regardless of deafness causes, on the premise that appropriate candidate is selected. The primary disease should be brought under control before and after the operation. The influence of various causes to the language ability rehabilitation largely depends on the development of the language center at deafness onset. Self-esteem and social identity can be significantly enhanced after cochlear implantation in adult patients, particularly those with acquired deafness.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Auditory Perception ; Cochlear Implantation ; psychology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Self Concept ; Social Identification ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective: To create a model for early prediction of essential hypertension (EH) based on the TreeNet algorithm, so as to provide a tool for early monitoring of EH. Methods: The health examination data were collected from individuals receiving health examinations in Hangzhou Haiqin Health Examination Center or Shanghai Yibao Health Management Co., Ltd from 2014 to 2016, and a predictive model for EH was created based on the TreeNet algorithm. The effectiveness of the model for early prediction of EH was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute deviation (MAD), coefficient of determination (R2) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 12 variables were included in the model, and the highest contributing variable was body mass index (BMI), followed by BMI difference, two-year BMI difference, two-year triglyceride (TG) difference, two-year total cholesterol (TC) difference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in 2014, TG in 2014, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in 2014, body weight in 2015, fasting blood glucose in 2015, TG in 2015, urea nitrogen difference and platelet in 2015. The highest predictive accuracy was 100.00%, and the lowest was 56.89%. The risk of EH significantly increased among individuals with BMI in 2015 of >25 kg/m2, two-year BMI difference of >0.5 kg/m2, two-year TG difference ranging from 1.3 to 3.3 mmol/L, TC in 2015 of 2.0 to 2.4 mmol/L and HDL-C in 2014 of <0.52 mmol/L. The model presented RMSE of 0.082, MAD of 0.064, R2 of 0.811, area under the ROC curve of 0.788 (95%CI: 0.741-0.815), sensitivity of 69.05% and specificity of 66.21% for prediction of EH Conclusion The TreeNet algorithm-based model is effective for early monitoring of high-risk individuals for EH.

Objective We will discuss the related factors affecting the rehabilitation efficacy after the opera-tion of adults cochlear implantation .Methods Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire'was adopted .There were questionnaire surveys on 29 adult patients with cochlear implantation .The individual scores and total scores of all subjects were collected together with the personal information ,including age ,bilateral effects and other factors . They were grouped in accordance with different grouping standards of different affecting factors .Results Compared to the communication manner of long -term hearing loss ,the rehabilitation efficacy of the group using lip -reading preoperatively was greater than the group using sign language or writing ;the rehabilitation efficacy of the group with the aggregate time of using CIs more than two years was superior to that similar group of less than two years , and the average P within the group of these two factors was <0 .05 .There was no statistical significance among group comparisons for other factors as the P was >0 .05 .Conclusion Ages ,the bilateral deafness ,and auditory dep-rivation have no obvious effects on the rehabilitation efficacy after the operation .The patients with postlingual deafness can improve their hearing with proper rehabilitation .Lip-reading preoperatively has positive effects on the rehabilitation effica-cy after the operation ;the length of using CIs has become the major factor affecting the rehabilitation efficacy .

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of AQP5, HIF-1alpha and VEGF in human nasal polyps, and to observe the relationship of AQP5 with HIF-1a and VEGF, and to investigate their role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. METHOD: Using the techniques of Real-time Quantitative Polymerase chain Reaction and Western blot, the expressions of AQP5, HIF-1alpha, VEGF mRNA and protein were examined. The specimens were obtained from patients underwent endoscopic surgery at the same time, including eighteen nasal polyps and ten inferior turbinate tissues. RESULT: (1) The result of RT-PCR showed that the expressions of the AQP5 mRNA were lower in nasal polyps than those in inferior turbinate tissue (P < 0.01); there was no significant difference between the expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA or VEGF mRNA in nasal polyps and inferior turbinate tissues (P > 0.05); (2) According to the Western blot, there was no significant difference between the expression of AQP5 in nasal polyps and inferior turbinate tissues (P > 0.05); the expression of HIF-la or VEGF were higher in nasal polyps than those in inferior turbinate tissues (P < 0.05); (3) According to the Western blot, there was a positive correlation between the expression of AQP5 and that of HIF-1alpha (r = 0.633, P < 0.05), and the correlation was also existed between AQP5 and that of VEGF (r = 0.611, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION AQP5, HIF-1alpha, VEGF are all involved in the edema formation of nasal polyps. The changes of AQP5's distribution can cause accumulation of water in nasal polyps, HIF-1alpha, VEGF can induce new blood vessels and increase vasopermeability in nasal polyps; they have separate regulatory mechanism in edema formation, but might have some relationships in some ways.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aquaporin 5 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical feature, diagnosis and endoscopic surgery of choanal polyps (CP) from posterior ethmoid sinus. METHOD: Eleven cases with CP from posterior ethmoid sinus treated by endoscopic endonasal surgery between January 2002 to June 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical manifestation, intranasal and intrasinus lesions, methods and attentions of endoscopic surgery and therapeutic effects were analysed. RESULT: All cases were treated by endoscopic surgery and CP were found originated from posterior ethmoidal ostium. Lesions in posterior ethmoid sinus included 3 (27.3%) cyst, 5 (45.4%) polyp and 3 (27.3%) mucosal edema. No operation complications were observed. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 3 years (mean 1.2 years) and no recurrence was founded. CONCLUSION Most of CP originated from posterior ethmoidal ostium and its formation might be related to the cyst in the sinus. Endoscopic surgery represents a minimally invasive and highly successful procedure, complete removal of CP and lesions in the sinus can reduce the recurrence.
Adult ; Endoscopy ; Ethmoid Sinus ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Polyps ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the expression and distribution of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) in nasal polyps. METHOD: AQP5 were studied in 20 samples nasal polyp without AR (Group NAR) and 16 samples with AR (Group AR) with immunochemistric staging and its integrated light intensity and its grey step. RESULT: (1) Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that there was obvious inflammation reaction, a large quantity of glands hyperplasia and acidophils soaked in nasal polyps, especially those with allergic rhinitis. (2) Immunofluorescence technique showed that the distribution of AQP5 in the two groups was in accordance with that in nasal polyps on the whole. AQP5 expressed mainly in the membrane and cytoplasm of the epithelium of the glands, ducts and cilia. (3) The statistical analysis of the immunohistochemical staining showed that the integrated light intensity of AQP5 in Group AR (0.1675+/-0.006536) was obviously higher than that in the Group NARs nasal polyps (0.09343+/-0.001816). There was statistical significance between the two groups (t = -12.00, P<0.01). (4) The statistical analysis of the immunohistochemical staining showed that the grey step of AQP5 in Group AR (175.6+/-2.471) was obviously lower than that in the Group NAR's nasal polyps (206.2+/-0.9649). There was statistical significance between the two groups (t=12.46, P<0.01). CONCLUSION AQP5 is expressed in nasal polyp. Combined with the research before, it was conferred that the hypersecretion of glands and its character has a relationship with the high expression of AQP5 in nasal polyps, and nasal polyp with different symptom has different mechanism.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aquaporin 5 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Nasal Polyps ; complications ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; complications ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristic of formant-a very important parameter in the spectrogram of three types of artistic voice (western mode; Chinese mode; Beijing opera). METHOD: We used MATLAB software to make the short-time Fourier transform and spectrogram analysis on the homeostasis vowel examples of the three types. RESULT: The western mode had different representation "singer formant" (Fs) based on the voice part; the Chinese mode's notable features were that F1, F2, F3, were continuous and the energy of them changed softly; the Beijing opera had the common representation which was a very wide formant and there was soft transition between formants and various harmonic, besides it showed a similar component like the "Fs" (two formants connected normally). CONCLUSION Different artistic voice showed their own characteristics of the formant parameter in the spectrogram, which had important value on the identification, objective evaluation and prediction.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Music ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Voice Quality ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the relative factors of the changes of preoperative and postoperative bone conduction thresholds in chronic suppurative otitis media. METHOD: The preoperative and postoperative bone conduction thresholds were prospectively investigated in 45 patients with unilateral chronic suppurative otitis media after tympanoplasty. Preoperatively (within 3 days before operation), 10 dB or more depression of bone conduction threshold at least in consecutive 2 frequencies between 0.25 kHz and 8.00 kHz was considered to be significant. Similarly in the postoperative period (3 months after operation), 10 dB or more improvement or impairment of bone conduction threshold at least in consecutive 2 frequencies between 0.25 kHz and 8.00 kHz was regarded as significant. RESULT: Thirty-five of 45 cases (77.8%) were found to have depressed bone conduction threshold before operation, 6 of 35 cases (17.1%) had improved bone conduction thresholds and 5 of 45 cases (11.1%) had depressed bone conduction thresholds after tympanoplasty. CONCLUSION In cases with chronic suppurative otitis media, successful results could be achieved after tympanoplasty disregarding air conduction threshold, the air-bone gap and deteriorated bone conduction threshold. Impairment of bone conduction thresholds could be induced by chronic suppurative otitis media itself and could also be induced by touching the ossicle chain crudely and by the noise of drilling during the operation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Auditory Threshold ; Bone Conduction ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otitis Media, Suppurative ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Tympanoplasty ; Young Adult