Objective:In order to prevent misdiagnosis and degrade death rate, we explored the early diagnosis and correct treatment methods of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery in sphenoid sinus,. Method: The clinic data of 6 cases who had traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery in sphenoid sinus and were admited in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Large numbers of literature about the disease were re-viewed. Some early diagnosis methods and optimal treatment schemes were proposed. Result: All patients had a history of cranium trauma and recurrent attacks nasal hemorrhage. There are two patients with a complication of sight loss in single eye. In the six cases, one case was treated with unilateral common carotid artery ligation, three cases were treated with aneurysm and internal carotid artery embolism by using sacculus proprius which is able to shedding , one case was treated with internal carotid artery embolism by using tiny circlip ring . These five pa-tients were crued with no severe complication. One patient death of hemorrhea. His nasal cavity was tamponaded repeatly because repeat nasal hemorrhage. However, he had never treated with internal carotid artery embolism. Conclusion:The patients who have traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery usually die of unmanageable hemorrhea. The patients may be cured if they could obtain an early diagnosis and correct treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the utilization of functional surgery in benign parotid tumor of superficial lobe. METHOD: Conventional parotidectomy were modified in the following aspects: incision, preservation of great auricular nerve, local facial nerve dissection, partial superficial parotidectomy and repairing of sunken deformity. The post-operative recurrence incidence, functional outcomes and complications of 21 patients with benign parotid tumor of superficial lobe undergoing functional surgery were analyzed retrospectively. RESULT: No recurrence of tumor was found in follow-ups. No obvious scar and sunken deformity was found. The area with abnormal sensory around the auricle was smaller compared with those whose great auricular nerve had not been preserved. Post-operative transient facial paralysis was observed in 4 cases and all recovered in 3 months. One case complained about Frey's syndrome. Salivary leakage was found on 1 case. CONCLUSION Compared with conventional surgery, functional surgery for benign parotid tumor of superficial lobe may improve cosmetic, sensory, salivary function, facial nerve function and quality of life without raising post-operative recurrence.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Gland ; surgery ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the expressions and clinical significance of integrin beta1 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in laryngeal carcinoma (LSCC). METHOD: The mRNA and protein levels of integrin beta1 and focal adhesion kinase and the surrounding tissue of laryngeal carcinoma in 48 specimens and 20 specimens of vocal cord polyp were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry SABC method. RESULT: The mRNA levels and positive rates of integrin beta1 and FAK protein were significantly higher in laryngeal carcinoma than that in the surrounding tissue and vocal cord polyp (P < 0.05). The expression levels of integrin beta1 and FAK were significantly higher in the group with cervical lymph node metastasis than those without (P < 0.05), and they were significantly higher in the tissue of stage of T3 and T4 than those of T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). But pathological grades was not significantly related with the expression levels of integrin beta1 or FAK (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The expression levels of integrin beta1 and FAK were increased in LSCC, and they may contribute significantly to invasion and metastasis of LSCC.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Integrin beta1 ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging

OBJECTIVE: In order to prevent misdiagnosis and degrade death rate, we explored the early diagnosis and correct treatment methods of traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery in sphenoid sinus. METHOD: The clinic data of 6 cases who had traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery in sphenoid sinus and were admitted in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Large numbers of literature about the disease were reviewed. Some early diagnosis methods and optimal treatment schemes were proposed. RESULT: All patients had a history of cranium trauma and recurrent attacks nasal hemorrhage. There are two patients with a complication of sight loss in single eye. In the six cases, one case was treated with unilateral common carotid artery ligation, three cases were treated with aneurysm and internal carotid artery embolism by using sacculus proprius which is able to shedding, one case was treated with internal carotid artery embolism by using tiny circlip ring. These five patients were cured with no severe complication. One patient death of hemorrhage. His nasal cavity was tamponade repeatedly because repeat nasal hemorrhage. However, he had never treated with internal carotid artery embolism. CONCLUSION The patients who have traumatic pseudoaneurysm of internal carotid artery usually die of unmanageable hemorrhage. The patients may be cured if they could obtain an early diagnosis and correct treatment.
Adult ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the optimal surgical approach for resecting infratemporal fossa-pterygomaxillary fossa-parapharyngeal space tumor. The aim of this study is to enhance therapeutic effect and reduce complications and sequelae. METHOD: Sixty-six patients with infratemporal fossa-pterygomaxillary fossa-parapharyngeal space tumor were analyzed retrospectively from 1998-2004, including complains, symptoms, physical signs; histodiagnosis, image examinations and surgical approaches. RESULT: No recurrence was found in fifty benign tumor cases after 2 to 5 years, while in 16 cases with malignant tumor, four patients died in one year, 8 cases died in 2 to 4 years, and only 4 patients' survival time exceeded 4 years. CONCLUSION Extended maxillectomy is suitable for resecting primary carcinoma of maxillary sinus invading pterygomaxillary fossa, infratemporal fossa and /or parapharyngeal space tumor. also midface degloving approach is suitable for nasal primary cavity, nasal sinuses, nasopharynx and/or pterygomaxillary fossa tumor and localized malignant tumor. Trans-cervical combining mandibular split swing approach is suitable for parapharyngeal space tumor invading pterygomaxillary fossa and/or infratemporal fossa tumor. Trans-cervical jaw combining mandibulotomy is suitable for resecting parapharyngeal space, infratemporal fossa tumor for invading lateral skull base and pterygomaxillary fossa tumor.
Adult ; Aged ; Craniotomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of COX-2 in both molecule and protein levels in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and the relationship between its intensity and histological grade, clinical stage and lymphoma metastasis. METHOD: By using emi-quantify RT-PCR and Immunohistochemistry, the expression of the COX-2 mRNA and COX-2 protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and polyp of vocal cord were examined. RESULT: Compared with the polyp of vocal cord tissue, the expression level of COX-2 mRNA and COX-2 protein in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were significantly increased (P < 0.01). The intensity of COX-2 mRNA and protein expression increased as the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progresses developed. CONCLUSION COX-2 is high expressed in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and it may play an significant role in the growth, invasion and metastasis of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. A combination of emi-quantify RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry is sensitive and specific for laryngeal neoplasms detection.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To study the expressions and clinical significance of integrin beta1 and integrin-linked kinase(ILK) in laryngeal carcinoma (LSCC). METHOD: The mRNA and protein levels of integrinbeta1 and integrin-linked kinase in 43 specimens of laryngeal carcinoma, its surrounding tissue and 18 specimens of vocal cord polyp were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry SABC method. RESULT: The mRNA levels of integrin beta1 and ILK protein were significantly higher in laryngeal carcinoma than that in its surrounding tissue and vocal cord polyp (P < 0.05). There was significant correlation between the levels of integrin beta1 expression and the status of cervical lymph node, either between the level of ILK expression and cervical lymph node status (P < 0.05). There was significant correlation between the levels of integrin beta1 expression and T-category, either between the level of ILK expression and T-category (P < 0.05). But pathological grades was not significantly related with the level of integrin beta1 or ILK expression (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The expressions of integrin beta1 and ILK are increased in LSCC. Integrin beta1 and ILK may contribute significantly to invasion and metastasis of LSCC.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Integrin beta1 ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To study the differentiation of Th1/Th2 on the levels of transcription factors and cytokines production in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In addition, the relation of p53 and T-bet, GATA3 expression was discussed for understanding the role of T-bet and GATA3 in metastasis. METHOD: The gene expression of Th1/Th2 type transcription factors T-bet, GATA3 and cytokines IFN-gamma, IL-4 were determined by RT-PCR and realtime RT-PCR from 49 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 30 normal controls. The expression of p53 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULT: Predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines was detected in 49 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients. The expression rates of T-bet, GATA3, IFN-gamma and IL-4 was 42.86% (21/49), 71.43% (35/49), 26.53% (13/49), 63.27% (33/49) respectively. The expression rates of T-bet and IFN-gamma in patients were lower than in control group (P < 0.05), but the results of GATA3 and IL-4 were opposite (P < 0.05). The similar results were obtained by realtime PCR. The expression of p53 in patients was accompanied with lower expression of T-betmRNA and higher expression of GATA3mRNA. CONCLUSION There is predominant expression of Th2 type transcription factors and cytokines in PBMC of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients. T-bet and GATA3 can be used as reference indicators for the metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; GATA3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-4 ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; metabolism ; Th1 Cells ; metabolism ; Th2 Cells ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utilization of functional neck dissection for treatment of recurrent branchial cleft anomalies. METHOD: Fifteen patients with recurrent branchial cleft anomalies (fistula and cyst) undergoing functional neck dissection were retrospectively analyzed. RESULT: Complications included 2 incisions secondary healing, 1 postoperative choking persisting for 1 months and 1 Horner's syndrome. There was no recurrence after a follow up from 2 months to 6 years,except 2 cases were lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION Functional neck dissection is an effective and safe surgical management for recurrent second and third branchial cleft anomalies(fistula and cyst).
Adolescent ; Adult ; Branchial Region ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; surgery ; Neck Dissection ; methods ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Summary: The expression of CD44v6 and its relationship with the development, progress, invasion and metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma was investigated. The expression and content of CD44v6 mRNA in tissuess were detected by both RT-PCR and FCM which were respectively extracted from normal laryngeal mucosa, leukoplakia of larynx, laryngeal papilloma, polyp of vocal cord, tissues of laryngeal carcinoma, metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes of neck, and tissues close to carcinoma. The outcome of RT-PCR indicated that the expression rate of CD44v6 mRNA involved in tissues of laryngeal carcinoma and metastatic lymph nodes of neck was the highest (90 %-100 %) compared with that of leukoplakia of larynx, laryngeal papilloma, tissues close to carcinoma by 0.5 cm (55.56 %-60.00 %) and that of normal laryngeal mucosa, polyp of vocal cord, nonmetastatic lymph nodes and tissues close to carcinoma by 1.0 cm was the lowest ( 13.33 %-20 %). The result from FCM was highly consistent with that from RT-PCR. It was suggested that CD44v6 was closely related with the development, progress, invasion and metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma. The outcome from the tissues close to carcinoma by different distance could do help to the determination of incisal edge in surgery abstractly.