Objective:To provide a basis for the choicing of Semen Cuscuta baked with stir frying with yellow wine.Methods: The orthogonal design was adopted to optimize the processing methods. The content of total flavonoids determined was as a marker to evaluate the different processes. Other three comparative experiments with different auxiliary materials were observed. Results: the optimum processing method with yellow wine was A 2B 3C 1D 2, and the contents of total flavonoids of test sample was highest in the experiments.Conclusions: The optimum processing method with yellow wine is feasible.

Objective To study the variable orderliness of vocal fold vibration caused by the voice with different frequency in chest register of various healthy subjects having several age and sex through electroglottographic examination.Methods 120 healthy subjects were respectively evaluated with electroglottography, including the old group, the adult group, the men group and the female group. Meanwhile the parameters of vocal fold vibration, such as the contact quotient, the contact index, the contact quotient perturbation and the contact index perturbation were measured and analyzed.Results With increase of the frequency, the contact quotient was decreased in all subjects, having signification difference. The contact quotient of old group and adult group ,men and female group had also signification difference. But other parameters not represented the difference in statistics.Conclusion The closer degree of vocal fold was varied with the different frequency in chest register voice from the healthy subjects who were different in age and sex ,but the symmetry and regulation of vocal fold vibration were not related to age and sex. The results were help to study physiology of vocal fold.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of ventral bladder mucosa onlay graft urethroplasty for the management of panurethral stricture.Methods From August of 2005 to July of 2013,11 cases of panurethral stricture were treated by ventral bladder mucosa onlay graft urethroplasty.The median age of the patients was 53 years (22-72 year),The median stricture length was 15 cm (12-18 cm).The patient was placed in the lithotomy position,Penile urethra was exposed by circumcoronal incision and degloving of skin,Bulbar urethra was exposed by inverted Y-shaped perineal incision.The strictured urethral segment was then opened ventrally in the midline up to at least 1 cm proximally into the healthy urethra.An appropriate size bladder mucosa graft was harvested,and was quilted to the splited urethra edge,the graft width was 1.5-2.0 cm.Two F10 fenestrated silicone catheters were left as urethral stents,a suprapupic cystostomy tube was left.The urethral stent was removed 4 weeks postoperatively.Follow-up was performed every 3 months for the first year,and annually thereafter.Success was defined as normal voiding with a maximum flow rates ≥ 15 ml/s,and the patients required no further instrumentation,including dilation or urethrotomy.Results The mean follow-up was 18 months (range,9-36 months),the overall success rate was 10/11.One patient developed urethral meatus stenosis 3 months postoperatively,and was managed by meatal dilatation.Conclusion Ventral bladder mucosa onlay graft urethroplasty can be used for the management of panurethral stricture,Bladder mucosa is an alternative substitution for complex urethral reconstruction.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of IL-37 on hepatocyte injury against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) by promoting polarization of M2-type macrophages and its molecular mechanisms.Methods Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the levels of IL-37 mRNA and protein in human monocyte-macrophage THP-1 cells with different polarizations.The lentivirus with IL-37 gene was infected into THP-1 cells.The levels of CD206,CD86,ARG1 and iNOS mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR.The levels of CD163 and CD86 protein was detected by flow cytometric analysis.THP-1 cells and L02 cells were co-cultured by Transwell and treated with H/R.The survival rate and apoptotic rate of L02 cells were detected.The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in culture medium were measured.The levels of STAT6 and its phosphorylation in THP-1 cells were detected by Western blot.Results The levels of IL-37 mRNA and protein were up-regulated in M2-type macrophages.IL-37 promoted the polarization of M2-type macropahges.M2-type macrophages induced by IL-37 were cocultured with L02 cells,the survival rate was significantly increased by H/R treatment (P =0.015),while the apoptotic rate,ALT level and AST level were significantly decreased (P＜0.001).The level of phosphorylated STAT6 in THP-1 cells overexpressing IL-37 was up-regulated (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions IL-37 can induce polarization of M2-type macrophages and protect hepatocyte injury against H/R.Its mechanism may be related to STAT6 signal pathways.

AIM: To study intra-ocular distribution and pharmacokinetics of musk eye drops in the rabbit eyes.METHODS: After administration,twenty seven rabbits were euthanatized and taken eye in 0.083 h,0.167 h,0.5 h,1 h,2.0 h,4.0 h,8.0 h and 12 h,and then isolated aqueous humor,vitreous body,further cornea and ciliary margin of iris from rabbits’eyes.The intraocular concentrations of muscone were measured by GC after topical instillation with 10% musk solution in rabbits.The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with 3p97 program.RESULTS: Results showed that the peak concentrations(max) of muscone in various ocular tissues were (107.52 ?67.07),(2.15 ?1.49),(0.034 ?0.007 6),(2.87 ?1.50) and(0.013 ?0.004 5)?g/g or ?g/mLin lacrimal fluid,cornea,aqueous humor,iris and vitreous body;Its half-Life(T1/2) was(8.08 ? 3.08),(2.87? 2.24),(3.37 ? 0.68),(4.69 ? 1.32) and(8.37 ? 2.70) h,respectively.AUC(0→T) of various tissues was (114.57 ?37.41),(11.57 ?7.16),(0.18 ?0.056),(2.86 ?0.42) and(0.079 ?0.017)?g/(h.g) or(?g/h.mL),respectively.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that musk in eye drop has a good permeability and high concentration in various intraocular tissues of rabbit after ocular instillation.

BACKGROUND: In the past, the incidence rates of infectious diseases,natural epidemic diseases and endemic diseases in three gorges areas were always high. Because the flooded areas of Kaixian was enormous, the population of Kaixian was intensive density, the pollution may harm to the population health after the dam has been established.OBJECTIVE: To predict the influence of the Three-gorges dam on population health in Kaixian County of Chongqing and put forward to scientific evidence of preventive measures through analyzing the main health indicators and influence factors in Kaixian.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Public Health College of Chongqing Medical University and Disease Controlled Center in Kaixian County of Chongqing.PARTICIPANTS: The survey was conducted in Kai County of Chongqing,from February to May 2004. All disease surveillance data of people in this county was investigated and other people lived in three-gorges area or around area were selected as the controls.METHODS: Collect and sort relevant indicators of social development,population health and public health system of Kaixian and related area to go deep into the representative townships to do some filed investigation,collect water samples of local drainage areas to carry out laboratory quantitative analysis; carry out comparative analysis based on the relevant materials; carry out comprehensive predicting and evaluation to the potential impact on population health of the three gorges engineering by combining the quantitative and qualitative analysis methods.general people in Kai county, Chongqing city and all over the nations durKai county, Chongqing city and all over the nations during 1999 and 2003;ty, Chongqing city and all over the nations during 1999 and 2001: Mortality rates of infants and under-five children were also higher than that average levels of whole country and Chongqing respectively; Multi-indicators showed that the general population health status of Kaixian was great bad,which stood a distinct gap among average levels of the whole country and Chongqing maintained about 250/100 000 or so, which was higher than the national level (190/10 000), however, the incidence rate of infectious diseases of Kaixian was rising year after year, even that of the recent two years has been reached up to more than 1.5 times higher than that of the whole of the water-based infectious diseases, especially the virus hepatitis, was severe. Another potential impact on population health of three-gorge dam is the emergence of natural epidemic diseases and insect-based infectious diseases. Malignant tumor such as hepatocarcinoma.CONCLUSION: We should strengthen current public health system, and cognition to the possible threat on disease epidemic and public health.With the construction of three-gorge dam, it is necessary to speed up establishment of effective measures to reduce predictable influence on population health.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong rein-forcing mani- pulation in treating optic atrophy.Methods Forty (56 eyes) optic atrophy patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 20 cases (29 eyes) and a control group of 20 cases (27 eyes). The control group received conventional medications, and the treatment group received acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong reinforcing manipulation in addition. The visual acuity, the mean visual sensitivity (MS) of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP were recorded in the two groups before and after the treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results The visual acuity, the MS of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP were significantly changed after treatment in both two groups (P<0.05). After the treatment, there were statistically significant differences in the visual acuity, the MS of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP between the two groups (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 75.0% in the treatment group versus 35.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong reinforcing manipulation is an effective method for optic atrophy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection in ICU patients and its risk factors to take measures to prevent from infection. METHODS The nosocomial infection of ICU patients in 12 hospitals from Oct to Dec 2007 using the method of target monitoring was investigated. The nosocomial infection rate was regalated by the method of ASA. The invasive procedure and the associated infection rate were analyzed. RESULTS Among 2087 inpatients in ICU,236 suffered from nosocomial infection,The nosocomial infection incidence was 11.31%,and the nosocomial infection rate per day was 2.38% after regulated by the method of ASA. The patient incidence of nosocomial infection was 3.57%,and the nosocomial infection rate per day was 0.67%. CONCLUSIONS The patients in ICU are susceptible population of nosocomial infection,target monitoring in ICU is an effective surveillance method to reduce the prevalence of nosocomial infection.

Objective To investigate whether Bushen-Huoxue compound adjuvant therapy can be effective on mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease and the influence on plasma phospholipids(PLs) levels. Methods 87 PD patients were recruited and collected for the general information. The patients were evaluated by Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) Ⅲ and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA). According to MoCA scores, patients with PD-MCI were divided into a Bushen-Huoxue compound treatment group and a control group(basic L-dopa or dopamine agonist). Reevaluating cognitive function by MoCA and plasma phopholipids levels at posttreatment 12 month and 18 month. Plasma PLs was assayed by measuring its inorganic phosphorus after separation by chromatograph.Results 39 cases in 87 PD patients(44.8%)were with PD-MCI.After 12 months or 18 months treatment period, MoCA scores was significantly higher in Bushen-Huoxue compound treatment group than in controls(P<0.05 or 0.01 respectively). Plasma PLs levels were significantly decreased in Bushen-Huoxue compound treatment group than in controls(P<0.01 or 0.01 respectively). Conclusions Bushen-Huoxue compound could be effective in the adjuvant treatment of PD-MCI, and could delay cognitive rate of decline in patients with PD. Meanwhile, Bushen-Huoxue compound could significantly decrease plasma PLs levels in PD-MCI. The evidence from present study suggested that Bushen-Huoxue compound have neuroprotective effects on patients with PD-MCI.

Objective To explore the clinical safety and efficacy of self-made single-port retroperitoneoscopic renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection for chyluria. Methods From Feb 2013 to Mar 2016, clinical data of 34 patients were collected. Of them, 16 cases underwent self-made single-port retroperitoneoscopic renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection and 18 cases underwent three port retroperitoneoscopic renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection. No significant difference was shown in age, body mass index between the two groups (P > 0.05). Mean operative time, estimated bleeding volume, drainage time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative pain evaluation, satisfaction scores of incision were compared between the two groups. Results All procedures were successfully performed without conversion to open surgery. Compared with the three port surgery group, results in the single-port group were superior in terms of mean operative time [(102.3 ± 16.1) versus (132.4 ± 21.6) min, P < 0.05], there were no significant differences in estimated blood loss, drainage time, postoperative hospital stay, the date in postoperative pain evaluation, satisfaction scores of incision shown that single-port group was superior to three port group. Conclusion Our initial experience revealed that single-port retroperitoneoscopic renal pedicle lymphatic disconnection was a safe, effective, cost-effective and less-invasive procedure for chyluria with improved postoperative pain and cosmetic results.