Objective To investigate the high resolution CT (HRCT) findings of pleura invasion of lung adenocarcinoma (stageⅠ) presenting as mixture ground glass nodule (mGGN).Methods 20 cases of lung adenocarcinoma presenting as mGGN were confirmed by pathology.The correlation of those cases with pleural adjacent relation and the relation between the maximum diameter and pleural invasion were analyzed retrospectively.Results (1)The classification of mGGN adjacent to the pleura relationship:type Ⅰ,typical and atypical pleural retraction sign,10 cases of this type did not show pleural invasion;type Ⅱa,the mGGN contacted pleural for ground glass opacity,4 cases of this type showed no pleural invasion;type Ⅱb,the mGGN contacted pleural for solid elements,6 cases of this type were with pleural invasion.(2)The difference of the maximum diameter of mGGN in groups pleural invasion and non-invasion was not significant statistically (P=0.694).Conclusion The mGGN contacted pleural for solid composition is a reliable sign in diagnosis of pleural invasion.

Objective To evaluate the echocardiographic findings and clinical application in the rupture of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm(SVA).Methods Typical transthoracic echocardiographic appearance of 62 patients with SVA and accompanied abnormality were reviewed and compared with operative results.Results Fifty-eight (93.5%) cases SVA were preoperatively discovered by echocardiography, while 2 (3.2%) misdiagnosed as tetralogy of Fallot and tricuspid regurgitation and 2 (3.2%) missed diagnosis.Accompanying teratisms included frequently ventricular septal defect (VSD) (33 cases, 53.2 %) and aortic valve dysplasia(11 cases, 17.7%).The rupture site and the drainage chamber were essentially consisted with surgery,while the size of VSD measured by echocardiography was significantly smaller than that measured in operation.Conclusions Transthoracic echoeardiography is valuable in diagnosing of the site, drainage chamber and the accompanied abnormality of SVA.

BACKGROUND: Having breakfast everyday is a behavior promoting health recommended WHO, while it is easy to be ignored.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the breakfast habits of pupils in Beijing and Shanghai so as to provide a scientific basis for further studying the problems in having breakfast among the pupils, drafting and developing "nutritious breakfast program for students".DESIGN: Stratified and cluster sampling and investigation study were used based on the pupils.SETTING: Institute of health for child of two universities.SUBJECTS: A total of 8688 six to eleven years old Beijing and Shanghai pupils were involved from March 2002 to June 2002. Among them 4692 pupils came from Beijing. There were 4637 valid questionnaires, 2386 of which were from male pupils and 2251 from female pupiIs. Among the total subjects, there were 4300 Shanghai pupils, and 4051 questionnaires were valid, of which 2031 were from the male pupils and 2020 from female students.METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted. The content of the questionnaire included the general conditions of the family, dietary preferences, food for breakfast, consumption of the milk food and so on.RESULTS: The results showed that about 25.8% boys and 21.6% girls in Beijing did not eat breakfast regularly; similarly, the percentage was about 11.4% for boys and 13.3% for girls in Shanghai. The reasons for not having breakfast included the following: They had no appetite, or had no enough time for it, or the parents were too busy to prepare in the mornings. For those of them who eat breakfasts, the nutrients of their breakfast usually were not adequate. 55% of the students had their breakfast prepared by their mothers. As for the eating sites, students mainly ate at home; the next was having it on the way to school or eating at the roadside luncheonettes. The cost of breakfast was 2 - 3 yuan. The breakfast behaviors of the pupils were closely related with the behaviors of their mothers( r = 0. 4333, P < 0.01 ).CONCLUSION: It is suggested that quality of breakfast of the pupils need to be improved. The behaviors of the parents influence their children in breakfast habits.

Objective To analyze the imaging features of testicular solid lesions.Methods The CT and MR findings of 18 cases of testicular solid lesions confirmed by pathology were retrospectively reviewed.The location,attenuation/signal,size,shape,edge,and enhancement patterns of lesions were analyzed.Results In all of the 18 cases,5 cases were seminomas,1 of them was huge with punctate calcification,4 of them had low signal separations in T2WI.Lymphomas were in 4 cases,and all of them were primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma;T2WI was priority with low signal.Solitary fibrous tumor was in 1 case,and the attenuation was lower than that of muscle.Embryo in sinus tumor were in 1 case,and the attenuation/signal was unhomogeneous;the continued enhancement liking grid was obviously seen after contrast injection.Nonspecific inflammatory masses were in 4 cases with involving epididymis in 2 cases,and the attenuation/signal was unhomogeneous.Tuberculous mass were in 3 cases,and 1 case with points of calcificationwas on the edge of lesion,2 cases characterized by short T2 signals.Conclusion It is possible to make an accurate diagnosis by the combination of clinical data with imaging features in most of the testicular solid lesions.

Objective To evaluate the applicability of activated charcoal in treatment of oral poisoning. Methods The feasibility of clinical manipulation and tastiness of 4 forms of activated charcoal were investigated, with different dosage forms in 35 nurses and 50 volunteers, respectively. The feasibility of the clinical manipulation was assessed by gastrelavage time and block numbers of stomach duet,and the tastiness by volunteers' taking orally. Results The gastrolavage time (151.8±17.8) s for powder, (96.9±24.80) s for suspension, (319.0±82.4) s for tablet and (314.3±93.3) s for suspension(P <0.001). Conclusion There are significant differences in the applicability of activated charcoal in different dosage forms. The suspension is the best form in feasibility. Capsule and tablet are better than powder and suspension in tastiness. Suspension and powder are the worst to accept.

OBJECTIVETo monitor the incidence change of acute coronary heart events in the all-ages farmers in Panyu District, Guangzhou City during 1991-2001 and 2010-2011.

METHODSThe surveillance on the same defined population as that from the PRC-USA cooperative epidemiologic project on the cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases 30-year ago was carried out in Panyu, Guangzhou in 1991-2001 and 2010-2011. The crude incidence of acute coronary events and the age-standardized incidence rate were calculated by the year, gender and age, and standardized with the world standard population age distribution. Incidences at the two different periods were compared. The annual average changing rate of the incidence was obtained by the regression analysis methods.

RESULTSIn the 11 consecutive years of 1991-2001, a upward trend on the incidence of acute coronary events among the farmers in women in Panyu District was found (P < 0.05). The incidence of the acute coronary events in the year of 2010-2011 was significantly higher than that in the year of 1991 to 2001 [34.06 per 100 000 (age-adjusted rate as 28.50 per 100 000) versus 16.14 per 100 000 (age-adjusted rate as 16.57 per 100 000), P < 0.05]. The age-adjusted rate increased by 83.04%. Peak incidence of acute coronary events in males was noticed in 75-79 age group, and in 80-84 age group in females. Comparing to the period of 1991-2001, the largest incidence increases appeared in the age groups of 35-39 and 75-79 years in males, while in the age groups of 50-54 and 65-69 years in females. Up to 47.37% (36/76) events occurred on the age group older than 75 years, raised by 40.44% comparing to that in 1991-2001 (33.73%, 56/166).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of acute coronary events among farmers in Panyu District is at middle or low level of China but there is an increasing trend in acute coronary incidence from 1991 to 2011. Our results suggest that the prevention and treatment on acute coronary syndrome should be strengthened, and especially on the age group with the largest increase of disease incidence.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Coronary Disease ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; Sentinel Surveillance

OBJECTIVETo analyse the heritabilities of serum luteinizing hormone(LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) in twin boys, and to study the genetic contributions to gonadotropin-gonadal axis.

METHODSA total of 51 pairs of male twins, 35 monozygotic (MZ) and 16 dizygotic(DZ) aged 5 to 11 years, were investigated. Serum gonadotropin and sex hormone were measured by radioimmunoassay. The twin zygosity was verified by determination of short tandem repeat amplified fragment length polymorphism systems. The genetic analysis was performed using intraclass correlation coefficient method.

RESULTSThe intraclass correlation coefficient was greater in the MZ twins than in the DZ twins. The estimated heritabilities were respectively LH 0.51, FSH 0.32, T 0.81, E2 0.41.

CONCLUSIONGenetic factors are major determinants of gonadotropin-gonadal axis in boys.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; Gonadotropins ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Radioimmunoassay

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of platelet reactivity for early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with acute ischemic stroke within 48 h of onset admitted to the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University from January 2017 to March 2019 were enrolled prospectively. Aspirin was taken on the day of admission, and the platelet aggregation rate was detected using a PL-11 Platelet Function Analyzer 7 d after taking it. END was defined as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NHISS) score at any time point within 7 d after admission increased by ≥2 or the motor function item score increased by ≥1 from baseline. The demographics, baseline data, imaging examination and laboratory findings of patients in the END and non-END groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for END. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of platelet aggregation rate for END. Results:A total of 230 patients were included in the study. They aged 63.24±9.75 years, 126 were females (51.4%). The median baseline NIHSS score was 6 (interquartile range, 4-10). The median time from onset to admission was 15 h (interquartile range, 9-28 h). There were 54 patients (23.5%) in the END group and 176 (76.5%) in the non-END group. There were significant differences in arachidonic acid-induced maximum platelet aggregation ratio (MAR-AA), epinephrine-induced maximum platelet aggregation ratio (MAR-EPI) and collagen-induced maximum platelet aggregation ratio (MAR-COL) between the END group and the non-END group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MAR-AA (odd ratio [ OR] 1.165, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.091-1.243; P<0.001) and MAR-EPI ( OR 1.035, 95% CI 1.006-1.067; P=0.023) were the independent risk factors for END in patients with acute ischemic stroke. ROC curve analysis showed that MAR-AA had good predictive value for END, and the area under the curve was 0.775 (95% CI 0.707-0.843; P<0.001). The optimal cut-off value was 21.80%. The sensitivity and specificity of MAR-AA for predicting END were 72.2% and 77.3%, respectively. Conclusions:The platelet function measured by PL-11 is closely related to the risk of END in patients with acute ischemic stroke. It has a better predictive value for END.

Objective:To analyze the change of differential genes and signaling pathways in high glucose induced BV2 cells, and to explore the mechanism of transgelin-2 (TAGLN2) regulating cellular inflammatory response and metabolic process.Methods:An experimental study. The cultured BV2 cells were divided into mannitol treatment (Man) group, glucose treatment (Glu) group, overexpression control Glu treatment (Con) group, overexpression TAGLN2 Glu treatment group, silence control Glu treatment (shCon Glu) group, and silence TAGLN2 Glu treatment (shTAGLN2 Glu) group. Cells in the Man group were cultured in modified Eagle high glucose medium (DMEM) containing 25 mmol/L mannitol and 25 mmol/L glucose, cells in other groups (Glu group, Con Glu group, TAGLN2 Glu group, shCon Glu group and shTAGLN2 Glu group) were cultured in DMEM medium containing 50 mmol/L glucose. After 24 hours of cells culture, transcriptome sequencing of cells in each group were performed using high-throughput sequencing technology, and significantly differentially expressed genes (DEG) were screened. |log 2 (fold change)|≥1 and P≤0.05 were adopted as criteria to screen for DEG. Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis were performed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the relative expression level of DEG mRNA. The data between groups were compared by independent sample t-test. Results:When compared with Man group, a total of 517 differentially expressed genes were screened in Glu group, which including 277 up-regulated genes and 240 down-regulated genes. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated genes were significantly enriched in immune system processes such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB signal pathway, Jak-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signal pathway, while down-regulated genes were significantly enriched in glycosaminoglycan degradation and glyceride metabolic pathway. Compared with Con Glu group, a total of 480 DEG were screened in TAGLN2 Glu group, among which 147 up-regulated and 333 down-regulated genes were detected. Up-regulated genes were significantly enriched in the metabolic processes of fatty acid, glyceride and pyruvate, while down-regulated genes were significantly enriched in immune system processes such as NF-κB signal pathway, Jak-STAT signal pathway and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signal pathway. Compared with shCon Glu group, a total of 582 DEG were screened in shTAGLN2 Glu group, among which 423 up-regulated and 159 down-regulated genes were detected. Up-regulated DEG were significantly enriched in immune system processes such as TNF signal pathway and chemokine signal pathway, while down-regulated DEG were significantly enriched in pattern recognition receptor signal pathway. RT-PCR results showed that the relative expression levels of DEG mRNA Card11 ( t=13.530), Icos ( t=3.482), Chst3 ( t=6.949), Kynu ( t=5.399), interleukin (IL)-1β ( t=2.960), TNF-α ( t=5.800), IL-6 ( t=3.130), interferon-γ ( t=7.690) and IL-17 ( t=6.530) in the TAGLN2 Glu treatment group were decreased significantly compared with Con Glu group, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion:TAGLN2 can inhibit glucose induced microglia inflammation by NF-κB and Jak-STAT signaling pathways, Card11, Icos, Chst3 and Kynu play an important role in the anti-inflammatory process of TAGLN2.

Objective: To investigate the current status and real performance of the detection of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion transcript levels and WT1 transcript levels in China through interlaboratory comparison. Methods: Peking University People’s Hospital (PKUPH) prepared the samples for comparison. That is, the fresh RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive (+) bone morrow nucleated cells were serially diluted with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 negative (-) nucleated cells from different patients. Totally 23 sets with 14 different samples per set were prepared. TRIzol reagent was added in each tube and thoroughly mixed with cells for homogenization. Each laboratory simultaneously tested RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels of one set of samples by real-time quantitative PCR method. All transcript levels were reported as the percentage of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or WT1 transcript copies/ABL copies. Spearman correlation coefficient between the reported transcript levels of each participated laboratory and those of PKUPH was calculated. Results: ①RUNX1-RUNX1T1 comparison: 9 samples were (+) and 5 were (-) , the false negative and positive rates of the 20 participated laboratories were 0 (0/180) and 5% (5/100) , respectively. The reported transcript levels of all 9 positive samples were different among laboratories. The median reported transcript levels of 9 positive samples were from 0.060% to 176.7%, which covered 3.5-log. The ratios of each sample’s highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.5 to 12.3 (one result which obviously deviated from other laboratories’ results was not included) , 85% (17/20) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ②WT1 comparison: The median reported transcript levels of all 14 samples were from 0.17% to 67.6%, which covered 2.6-log. The ratios of each sample’s highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.3-13.7, 62% (13/21) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ③ The relative relationship of the reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 transcript levels between the participants and PKUPH was not always consistent with that of WT1 transcript levels. Both RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels from 2 and 7 laboratories were individually lower than and higher than those of PKUPH, whereas for the rest 11 laboratories, one transcript level was higher than and the other was lower than that of PKUPH. Conclusion The reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels were different among laboratories for the same sample. Most of the participated laboratories reported highly consistent result with that of PKUPH. The relationship between laboratories of the different transcript levels may not be the same.