This study examined the effect of tanshinone II A (TSN II A) on the cardiac fibrosis induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and the possible mechanisms. Cardiac fibroblasts were isolated from cardiac tissues of neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by the trypsin digestion and differential adhesion method. The cells were treated with 5 ng/mL TGF-β1 alone or pretreated with TSN II A at different concentrations (10(-5) mol/L, 10(-4) mol/L). Immunocytochemistry was used for cell identification, RT-PCR for detection of the mRNA expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and collagen type I (COL I), Western blotting for detection of the protein expression of Smad7 and Smad3, and immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining for detection of the protein expression of phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3), CTGF and COLI. The results showed that TGF-β1 induced the expression of CTGF, COL I, p-Smad3 and Smad7 in a time-dependent manner. The mRNA expression of CTGF and COL I was significantly increased 24 h after TGF-β1 stimulation (P<0.01 for all). The protein expression of p-Smad3 and Smad7 reached a peak 1 h after TGF-β1 stimulation, much higher than the baseline level (P<0.01 for all). Pretreatment with high concentration of TSN A resulted in a decrease in the expression of p-Smad3, CTGF and COL I (P<0.01). The protein expression of Smad7 was substantially upregulated after pretreatment with two concentrations of TSN II A as compared with that at 2 h post TGF-β1 stimulation (P<0.05 for low concentration of TSN I IA; P<0.01 for high concentration of TSN II A). It was concluded that TSN II A may exert an inhibitory effect on cardiac fibrosis by upregulating the expression of Smad7, suppressing the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 and partially blocking the TGF-β1-Smads signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the curative effect and safety of interventional therapy of uterine fibroids using Embosphere and Pingyangmycin lipiodol emulsion.Methods The clinical data of 120 cases with uterine fibroids treated in our hospital were reviewed,and the patients were according to the different treatments given,divided into two groups (each with 60 cases).Patients in control group were treated with interventional therapy of Pingyangmycin lipiodol emulsion,while patients in the study group were given interventional therapy of Embosphere.The clinical efficacy and safety in the two groups were compared.Results The total efficiency in the study group was 93.33%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group (75.00%),and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The comprehensive indexes after the treatment were improved in both groups compared with those before the treatment,and the improvement in the study group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.05,P<0.01).Besides,the total incidence of adverse effects in the study group was 11.67%,which was significantly lower than that in the control group (26.67%)(P<0.05). Conclusion The interventional therapy using Embosphere has better effect on uterine fibroid compared with the therapy using Pingyangmycin lipiodol emulsion,which is worthwhile to be brought into clinical application.

AIM　To study the pharmacokinetics of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (GRg3) in human. METHODS　High-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method was used in this study. RESULTS　The pharmacokinetics of GRg3 in 14 healthy volunteers were investigated. After a single oral dose of 3.2 mg.kg-1 in 8 male volunteers, the plasma concentration-time course fitted well to a two-compartment open model, with the following pharmacokinetic parameters: Tmax (0.66±0.10) h, Cmax (16±6) ng.mL-1, T1/2α (0.46±0.12) h, T1/2β (4.9±1.1) h, T1/2(Ka) (0.28±0.04) h, AUC0-∞ (77±26) ng.mL-1.h. No kinetic analysis was made after an oral dose of 0.8 mg.kg-1 GRg3 in 6 other volunteers because of the low concentration, but a good correlation between Cmax and dosage of the two groups was found. CONCLUSION The absorption of GRg3 was rapid in man, and its elimination was rapid after oral administration of ginsenoside Rg3. The pharmacokinetic results shows that it exhibited first order kinetic characteristics.

AIM: To observe the relationship between the reversal effect of 4 alkaloids of TCM on expression of P170 being obtained multi-drug resistance to mouse S180 tumor cell induced by chemotherapy protocol of PFC and the adjustment of the cell apoptosis.And to discuss the difference among alkaloids of TCM on reversion of being obtained multi-drug resistance in clinic.To improve the curative effect thereby. METHODS: By the methods of less dosage of Chemotherapy PFC,to set up the mouse models of multi-drug resistance of S180 tumor cell.At the same time to give the mouse matrine,terandrine,oxymatrine and berberine hydrooh loride for 2 weeks and then to observe the P170,TOPOⅡ,Fas and apoposis by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Matrine and terandrine could obviously reduce the expression of P170,the activation of TOPOⅡ induced by Chemotherapy and increase the ratio of the express of Fas and the apopsis of drug resistance to tumor cell.And berberine hydrochloride could obviously reduce the expression of TOPOⅡ. CONCLUSION: The adjustment to the apoposis of tumor cell by matrine and terandrine is related to the reversion of being obtained multi-drug resistance to tumor cell' expression,besides the different degree

Objective To construct subsystem of picture archiving and communicating system (PACS) based on video database of ophthalmology and to evaluate on effectiveness of applying PACS system in postgraduate teaching.Methods PACS subsystem were constructed by collecting audiovisual materials of ophthalmology surgery videos,retinal photography,B-ultrasonography,OCT,UBM of patients.A total of 24 postgraduates were divided into control group (n =12) and experimental group (n=12) by random number table.Students in control group was taught by traditional cases,books and literature while those in experimental by network teaching from PACS subsystem.Two teaching methods were assessed subjectively and objectively.Objective indicators including ophthalmology examination results,operational skill ratings and paper reviewing results as well as subjective indicators including efficiency to accept the knowledge,satisfaction degree of teaching,influencing degree of papers were employed to assess the effectiveness of the two teaching methods.Independent samples t-test and twosample rank sum test were used for statistical analysis,P ＜ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Students in experimental group done better in operation scores and in the assessment of the efficiency of knowledge accepting,satisfaction of teaching and papers effect than control group(P =0.000、0.000、0.000、0.003).The two groups had no significant difference in professional exam achievements and paper review scores (P =0.625、0.354).Conclusions PACS subsystem based on video database of ophthalmology are benefit for postgraduate teaching.

Objective To observe the effects of functional ambulation training in a realistic environment based on the activities of daily living among stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods Thirty-two stroke survivors with hemiplegia were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,each of 16.Both groups were given routine rehabilitation training,while the experimental group was additionally given functional ambulation training based on the activities of daily living in a realistic environment for 60 min per day,five days a week for six weeks.Both groups were evaluated using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE),the Holden walking functional class assessment (HWFCA),the Berg balance scale (BBS),functional gait assessment (FGA),the 5 times sit to stand test (FTSST),the timed up and go test (TUGT),and rated using the specific activity balance confidence scale (ABC) and the modified Barthel index (MBI).Results Before the training,no significant differences between the two groups were found in terms of any of the measurements.After the six weeks of training,significant improvement was observed in all of the outcome measures except the MMSE and the HWFCA,with the experimental group scoring significantly better,on average,than the control group.Conclusion When combined with routine rehabilitation training,functional ambulation training based on the activities of daily living in a realistic environment can significantly enhance the functional gait,balance and postural control of stroke survivors.This should facilitate their activities in daily life and improve their confidence in maintaining their balance.

Objective: To explore the expression level of serum interleukin (IL)-7 in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and analyze the relationship between IL-7 level and prognosis. Methods: A total of 130 ACS patients [ACS group, including 70 cases with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 60 cases with unstable angina pectoris (UAP)], 33 cases with stable angina pectoris (SAP，SAP group) and 89 healthy subjects (healthy control group) were selected. IL-7 level was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared among all groups. The 130 ACS patients were followed up, and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between IL-7 level and prognosis. Results: Compared with healthy control group and SAP group, there was significant rise in IL-7 level in UAP group and AMI group [(1.84±0.47) pg/ml, (2.11±0.63) pg/ml vs. (4.87±0.52) pg/ml, (5.15±0.71) pg/ml, P<0.05 or P<0.01]. There were no significant difference in IL-7 level between healthy control group and SAP group, UAP group and AMI group (P>0.05 both); Logistic regression analysis indicated that expression level of serum IL-7 was an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events in ACS patients (OR=1.212, 95%CI:1.061-1.418). Conclusion: Interleukin-7, as an important inflammatory cytokines, its serum level abnormally elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome, it may have important prognostic value.

Objective To evaluate the applicability of activated charcoal in treatment of oral poisoning. Methods The feasibility of clinical manipulation and tastiness of 4 forms of activated charcoal were investigated, with different dosage forms in 35 nurses and 50 volunteers, respectively. The feasibility of the clinical manipulation was assessed by gastrelavage time and block numbers of stomach duet,and the tastiness by volunteers' taking orally. Results The gastrolavage time (151.8±17.8) s for powder, (96.9±24.80) s for suspension, (319.0±82.4) s for tablet and (314.3±93.3) s for suspension(P <0.001). Conclusion There are significant differences in the applicability of activated charcoal in different dosage forms. The suspension is the best form in feasibility. Capsule and tablet are better than powder and suspension in tastiness. Suspension and powder are the worst to accept.

Objective To establish acute hepatotoxic model induced by Amanita exitialis and to study the characteristics of acute toxic liver failure induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins,in hope for providing some help to experimental research on poisoning induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins.Methods UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) method was used to detect peptide toxins in Amanita exitialis.To establish acute toxic liver hepatic failure model,the beagles were fed with 60 mg/kg of lyophilized powder of Amanita exitialis fungus which encapsulated in starch capsules.Toxic sighs were observed,coagulation function,hepatic and renal function,liver histopathological morphology,peptide toxin concentration in plasma and urine were detected during the experiment.Results Total peptide toxins in Amanita exitialis was (3 482.6 ± 124.94) mg/ kg.All the beagles had toxic signs including vomiting and diarrhea in 12-48 h after ingestion.On 24 h after ingestion,the beagles' ALT,AST,TBIL,ALP,PT and APTT levels increased obviously.On 36 h after ingestion,the beagles' ALT,AST,PT and APTT values reached their peaks (ALT:283.2 ± 112.9 Kallmann unit;AST:223.9 ±93.8 Kallmann units;PT:132.9 ± 152.6 s;APTT:131.4 ± 153.9 s).On 48 h after ingestion,the beagles' TBIL and ALP levels reached their peaks (TBIL:23.3 ± 14.6 mol/L;ALP:274.5 ± 115.5 U/L).The beagles' TBIL,TP and APTT returned to normal 1 week after ingestion,their ALT,AST and ALP levels returned to normal 3 weeks after ingestion.Three dogs died during 24-72 h after ingestion.Liver histopathological morphology study showed hemorrhagic necrosis of hepatocytes.Peptide toxins can be detected in plasma within 24 h after ingestion.Peptide toxins can be detected in urine within 96 h after ingestion.Conclusion Amanita peptide toxins can cause hemorrhagic necrosis of liver cells and lead to acute liver failure.This model is consistent with clinical pathophysiological process of acute toxic liver failure induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins,and it can be applied to the study of diagnosis and treatment of poisoning induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins.

ObjectiveTo compare X-ray,spiral CT and low does digital subtr,action angiongraphy technology of three dimensional reconstruction in 30 cases of the applications in the joint fractures,to study the application value of the digital subtraction angiography three- dimensional reconstruction in joint fracture.MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on 30 cases with joint fracture in Guangdong Provincial Guangzhou Development District Hospital,who were confirmed by the X-ray and spiral CT three-dimensional reconstruction and digital subtraction angiography three-dimensional reconstruction and the demonstrations three-dimensional reconstruction,spiral CT three-dimensional reconstruction and X-ray were compared.ResultsAll 30 cases fractures showed clear line,line of walk line,of the number of fracture,source and separation shift condition.Digital subtraction angiography could be clearly shows 30 cases in spiral CT could clearly show in 20 cases,10 cases not clearly show in,while X-ray clearly show in 10 cases,not show in 20 cases.Spiral CT showed clearly joint capsule and soft tissue.The SPSS 11.0 statistical soft package was used.Spearman correlation analysis,the single factor analysis of variance and the independent t test and the chi-square test were employed for data analysis,P ＜ 0.05 was considered statistical significance.Conclusions Digital subtraction angiography three-dimensional reconstruction can more clearly display fracture line,fracture pieces,walk line,source and separation shift condition compared with spiral CT and Xray essaminations,which is helpful for treatment options and prognosis estimation.