Objective To improve the quality standard for Xielixiao Pills. Methods Rhizoma coptidis, Radix paeoniae alba, Fructus evodia, Poria were identified by TLC. The content of Berberine Hydrochloride was determined by HTLC. Results The identification and content determination methods were simple, accurate, exclusive, and with good reproducibility. Conclusion The improving quality standard can control the quality of this product effectively.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of clinical application of three-dimensional printing technology (3D printing) in Orthopedics.Methods The safety and effectiveness of clinical application of three-dimensional printing technology in Orthopedics were analyzed by systematic review of non-control studies.Results Non-control studies showed that cortical perforation rate of screws was 3.83％ (calculated by the number of screw).Complication rate was 2.13％,surgical infection rate was 0.28％,prosthesis problematic rate was 0.79％,the average operation time was 139.23 minutes,and some results of the indicators for safety and effectiveness were similar between studies with and without control groups.Conclusion Although 3D printing application in Orthopedics has some clinical value,and its extension needs economic assessment.

Objective To assess the effect of clinical application of three-dimensional printing technology (3D printing) in Orthopedics.Methods Comparing the effect of clinical application of three-dimensional printing technology with traditional Standardized technology,through using a systematic review and Meta Analysis.Results Meta analysis of 25 studies included in the research showed that application of 3D printing reduced operation time by 26 minutes,decreased intraoperative blood loss by 77 ml,and increased accuracy rate or success rate of screw implanting(increased by 2.10 times compared with tradit onal standardized technology).Conclusion The application of 3D printing in Orthopedics has good short-term effect But its deVelopment in clinical application should be cautious.

Objective To study onclinical researches of 3D printing technology in Orthopedics.Methods Through literature search,107 literatures were included and systematically reviewed,and the status of clinical researches of 3D printing technology in orthopedics was described.Results The clinical researches of 3D printing technology in Orthopedics were mainly focused on males and adults population conducted from 2007 to 2012.3D printing technology frequently used in Orthopedics were reduction and internal fixation,deformity correction,pedicle screw placement,tumor resection,revision and reconstruction,and knee replacement.Conclusion 3D printing technology in Orthopedics is still at an initial stage of clinical development.

Objective: To explore the sensitivity of Kit or PDGFRA mutants related to gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) to Gleevec.Methods: The recombinant plasmids of KIT Del559-560, KIT Ins IPYD579, PDGFRA D842V and PDG-FRA L839P gene mutants were transiently transformed into the CHO cells by liposome methods.Western blot was used to detect the expression of the related protein and their phosphorylated forms after the cells were incubated with Gleevec for 90 min.At 72 hours after incubation with Gleevec, MTT was used to detect cell proliferation.Results: Western blot results showed that Gleevec at 0.1 μM can notably reduce phosphorylation of KIT Del559-560.Gleevec at 1μM completely blocked phosphorylation of KIT Ins IPYD579 and PDGFRA L839P, but did not affect PDGFRA D842V phosphorylation.MTT analy-sis indicated that growth of CHOPDGFRA L839P was inhibited by Gleevec at 1μM, however, CHOPDGFRA D842V was re-sistant to Gleevec at 5 μM.Conclusion: Gleevec can decrease the expression of phosphorylated protein CHOPDGFRA L839P and CHOKIT Ins IPYD579, and can remarkably inhibit the proliferation of cells containing PDGFRA L839P mutant.

Objective:To construct the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector plasmids with mutant C-kit cDNA and to study the effect of the mutant C-kit gene on cell proliferation and cell cycle in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Methods: Wild-type C-kit cDNA was cloned from human embryonic brain tissue by RT-PCR technique.Site-directed mutagenesis of the wild type C-kit cDNA was performed according to the C-kit mutations we cloned. Recombinant plasmids were stably transfected into human embryonic kidney cell line and the cells expressing mutant C-kit were selected by special cell culture medium containing G418.Expressions of C-kit protein of the transfectants were detected by Western blot.Cell proliferation and cell cycle of the transfectants were detected by MTT clolorimetic assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Whether HEK cell with mutated C-kit cDNA could grow autonomously in nude mice or not was also detected. pcDNA3 vector transfected and recombinant plasmids with wild-type C-kit cDNA transfected HEK cell were used as the control groups. Results: The mutant C-kit cDNA was obtained by site-directed mutagenesis of the wild type C-kit cDNA. Compared with the 2 control groups ,the growth rate and proliferative activity of the HEK cells with mutant C-kit cDNA were increased significantly.The analysis of cell cycle showed that more HEK cells with mutanted C-kit cDNA remained in proliferation phase (S+G 2-M)than the groups without mutated C-kit cDNA.HEK cells with the mutated C-kit also grew autonomously in nude mice.Conclusion: Mutation of C-kit gene can increase proliferation of human cells,causing malignant transformation of human normal cells,which may play an important role in the malignant transformation of GIST.

Objective To investigate the frequency distribution of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) gene I474V polymorphisms and their relationship with patients with ischemic stroke (IS)of Uygur and Han ethnic groups in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods The I474V polymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) in 407 patients with IS(including 219 Hans and 188 Uygurs)and 425 health controls (including 255 Hans and 170 Uygurs),and some specimens were sequenced.Results (1) Between IS group and control group,the genotypes Ⅱ and Ⅳ had no statistically significant differences in the levels of triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ; Total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels had statistically significant differences; LDL-C levels had also statistically significant differences.Between IS and control groups,TC,LDL,HDL-C levels of genotype Ⅱ showed statistically significant difference.In the IS group,TC,LDL-C levels of Ⅳ genotype were significantly higher than the control group,the difference being statistically significant.(2) There was statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution between IS and control groups (9.5％ (77/814) vs 4.5％ (38/850),x2 =16.09,P =0.000).And the distribution of allele frequency was statistically different (18.9％ (77/407) vs 8.9％ (38/425),x2 =17.38,P =0.000).(3) The differences of I474V loci Ⅳ genotype frequency distribution in Xinjiang Uygurs and Hans were statistically significant (27.7％ (52/188) vs 11.4％ (25/219),x2 =17.40,P =0.000; 12.9％ (22/170) vs 6.3％ (16/255),x2 =5.57,P =0.018) ; So did the Ⅴ allele frenquency distribution (13.8％ (52/376) vs 5.7％ (25/438),x2 =15.58,P =0.000; 6.5％ (22/340) vs 3.1％ (16/510),x2 =10.44,P =0.001).(4) There was statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution and allele frenquency distribution between IS group and control group in the Xinjiang Uygurs (27.7％ (52/188) vs 12.9％ (22/170),x2 =11.79,P =0.001 ; 13.8％ (52/376) vs 6.5％ (22/340),x2 =10.44,P =0.001) ; But there was no statistically significant difference in the Hans.Conclusions Ⅱ and Ⅳ genotypes are dominant in the I474V polymorphism loci of PCSK9 gene.The genotype of PCSK9 gene I474V polymorphism is correlated with increasing serum levels of TC and LDL-C.I474V polymorphism is associated with cerebral IS course in Xinjiang region.There is statistically significant difference in the genotype I474V distribution between Uygur and Han groups.I474V polymorphism has a relationship with the occurrence of IS in Xinjiang Uygurs.Ⅳ may be a susceptible genotype and Ⅴ may be a genetic susceptible allele of the Xinjiang Uygurs.

According to the recommended diagnostic criteria of obese adults in Asia-Pacific region,8 284 cases of middle-aged and elderly people in Uygur and Han populations were collected randomly to study the status and distribution characteristics of two nationalities.Standardized prevalences of obesity were 20.1 2%in Uygurs and 23.077%in Hans.Woman in Hans reached the highest prevalence.Alcohol-drinking,abnormal giycometabolism,and serum cholesterol levels were the most relevant risk factors.

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism of moxibustion at stomach meridian acupoints for precancerous lesions of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).

METHODSFifty male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a stomach meridian group, a control point group and a vitacoenzyme group, 10 rats in each group. The CAG precancerous lesion model was made in all the groups except the normal group. The rats in the normal group and model group were bundled for 30 min per day; the rats in the stomach meridian group and control point group were bundled and treated with moxibustion at stomach meridian acupoints or control points for 30 min per day; the rats in the vitacoenzyme group were treated with intragastric administration of vitacoenzyme, once per day. All the treatment was given for 20 weeks. The pathological morphological change of gastric mucosa was observed under optical microscope; the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), gastric mucosal proliferatig cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), argyrophilic protein of nucleolar organizer regions (Ag-NORs) in gastric mucosal cells were detected by enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, in the model group the gastric mucosal cells showed dysplasia and the expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs in gastric mucosa cells in the model group was increased significantly (all P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the gastric mucosa lesion gradually recovered and the expression of EGF, TGF-alpha, PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs in gastric mucosal cells was gradually decreased in the stomach meridian group, control point group and vitacoenzyme group, in which the stomach meridian group had the most significant effects (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion at stomach meridian acupoints can obviously decrease the expression of cell proliferative factors in gastric mucosa in rats with CAG precancerous lesions, inhibit the gastric mucosal cell dysplasia, and promote the recovery of gastric mucosa.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gastric Mucosa ; cytology ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Moxibustion ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To assess whether highly cross-linked polyethylene liners are superior to conventional polyethylene liners in total hip arthroplasty (THA).Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of highly cross-linked and conventional polyethylene liners in THA were retrieved from MEDLINE,PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central,CBMdisc,CBM,and VIP.Until April 2012,reference lists of the included articles and related reviews were manually searched as supplements.Meta analysis was performed with RevMan 5.1.Mean difference (MD) was used to assess the linear wear rate in highly cross-linked group versus conventional group.Odds ratio (OR) was used to estimate the osteolysis and revision incidence in the two groups.Results Meta analysis indicated that the two-dimensional linear wear rate [MD =-0.08,95％ CI (-0.1,0.06),P ＜ 0.05],three-dimensional linear wear rate [MD=-0.15,95％CI (-0.22,0.08),P＜0.05],volumetric wear rate [MD=-53.03,95％ CI (-84.39,-21.67,P＜0.05],total linear wear [MD=-0.19,95％CI (-0.23,-0.15),P＜0.05],and osteolysis incidence [OR =0.23,95％ C1 (0.13,0.39),P ＜ 0.05] were significantly reduced in highly cross-linked group than in conventional group.There were no statistical differences between the two groups concerning the creep value of the polyethylene liners and revision incidence.Conclusions Highly cross-linked polyethylene liners for primary THA present a low incidence of wear and osteolysis.As the number and quality of the included studies are limited,a long-term follow-up of more large-sample and high-quality RCTs are needed to evidence the outcome.