This study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of Jian-Pi Sheng-Xue (JPSX) granules on iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) rats.Low iron diet was given to establish IDA rat model.Rats were randomly divided into the model control group,normal control group,JPSX granules group,JPSX extract group and the ferrous sulfate group.The hematological indexes and serum ferritin were measured 10 days and 20 day after medication.The results showed that with iron supplements,the levels of hemoglobin (HGB),red blood cell (RBC),hematocrit (HCT) and serum ferritin of the JPSX granules group,JPSX extract group and the ferrous sulfate group were higher than those of the control group.The level of serum ferritin of the JPSX granules group was obviously higher than that of the JPSX extract group and the ferrous sulfate group (P < 0.01).It was concluded that compared with the control group,JPSX granules,JPSX extract and ferrous sulfate can improve symptoms of IDA in rats.And JPSX granules had the best effect.