Objective To investigate the role of motility of Oddi's sphincter in pigment gallbladder stone formation in the model of guinea pigs.Methods Thirty-four general adult male Hartley guinea pigs were divided randomly into two groups.Control group (10 guinea pigs)and pigment stone groups (24 guinea pigs,which were divided into 4 subgroups with 6 guinea pigs each according to the time they were sacrificed),fed with pigment lithogenic diet.After 3,6,9 and 12 weeks later,Oddi's sphincter manometry and myoelectric activity record were obtained by multifunctional physiograph at each stage.Results The incidence of pigment gallstone formation was 0,0,16.7％ and 66.7％ in 3w,6w,9w and 12w group,respectively.The frequency of myoelectric activity decreased apparently in the 3w group(P ＜ 0.05).The amplitude of myoelectric activity had the tendency of decreasing but not statistically significant.The motility frequency of Oddi's sphincter decreased greatly in the 9w group (P ＜ 0.05).The basal pressure of Oddi's sphincter and common bile duct increased markedly in the 12w group [from (25 ± 8) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) to (41 ± 12) mmHg and from (22 ± 8) mmHg to (39 ± 12) mmHg,P ＜ 0.05)].Conclusions Pigment lithogenic diet may induce dysfunction of Oddi's sphincter.The disturbance of Oddi's sphincter motility may play a role in pigment gallstone formation.

Objective To investigate the effects of IGF-Ⅱ on adriamycin-induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(HepG2).Methods Cultured HepG2 cells were divided into:①group A:control group;②group B:ADM group(200 ng/ml);③group C:2 ng/ml IGF-Ⅱ+200 ns/ml ADM group;④group D:20 ng/ml IGF-Ⅱ+200 ng/ml ADM group;⑤group E:200 ng/ml IGF-Ⅱ+200 ng/ml ADM group. After HepG2 were treated for 48 h,MTT colorimetry was performed to determine the cell viability,Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis rate,and Weastern-blot was performed to evaluate the expression of survivin. Results The cell viability of group A、B、C、D、E was respectively 0.568±0.025、0.201±0.020、0.232±0.027、0.268±0.013 and 0.304±0.019;The cell apoptosis rate of group A、B、C、D;E was respectively 6.9％±1.3％、35.4％±2.1％、31.2％±2.2％、26.4％±1.7％and 21.7％±1.9％;Survivinβ-actin of group A、B、C、D、E was respectively 0.527±0.039、0.147±0.081、0.311±0.069、0.421±0.033 and 0.469±0.031.The cell viability in IGF-Ⅱ+ADM group was better than ADM group(P＜0.01),the cell apoptosis rate in IGF-Ⅱ+ADM group was significantly lower than ADM group(P＜0.01),the expression level of survivin in IGF-Ⅱ +ADM group was significantly higher than ADM group(P＜0.01). Conclusions IGF-Ⅱ inhibits ADM-induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells,probably by up-regulating cell's survivin expression.

Objective To investigate the relations between microRNA-451 (miR-451) expression and gastric cancer (GC).Methods Expression of miR-451 in tumor and paired non-cancerous tissues was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The association of miR-451 expression with clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis was statistically analyzed;in addition,slow virus LV-mir-451 was applied to infect human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 and MKN-45,and construct miR-451 over-expressed stable cell lines.Finally,to detect cell proliferation,migration and invasion.Results miR-451 expression decreased in GC tissues vs.pericarcinous tissues (0.010 ± 0.007 vs.0.014 ± 0.008,t =3.015,P ＜ 0.05),and its down-regulation positively correlated with lymphatic metastasis,clinical staging and shorter overall survival.miR-451 expression in BGC-823 and MKN-45 cells did not impact on cell proliferation,but did reduce migration rates (0.863 ±0.026 vs.1.107 ±0.032,t =9.820,P＜0.05;0.863 ±0.026 vs.1.060±0.054,t =4.369,P＜0.05) and invasion rates (1.040 ± 0.055 vs.1.522 ± 0.001,t =5.84,P ＜ 0.05;1.040 ± 0.055 vs.1.696 ± 0.078,t =10.16,P ＜ 0.05) in BGC-823 cells.Conclusions miR-451 may act as a prognostic marker in GC.

Objective:To investigate the expression of NADPH Oxidase2 (NOX2) in gastric cancer tissues and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) level.Methods:The gastric cancer tissue and the adjacent tumor tissue were obtained from the patients who received radical operation for gastric cancer during July 2014 to July 2015 in Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University.The expression of NOX2 in the tumor tissue and the adjacent tissue were detected by the immunohistochemistry(IHC) and Western blot.The VEGF level were detected by IHC in gastric cancer tissues.The spearman rank correlation were used to detected the correlation between the NOX2 and VEGF.Results:The positive expression rate of NOX2 in gastric cancer tissue was 47.2％ (58/123),and the positive expression rate in the adjacent tissue was 8.13％ (10/123),mostly expression in the adjacent was weak positive.The outcome of Western blot show that the NOX2 was up-regulated in the tumor tissue compare to the adjacent tissue [39.0％(48/123)].The expression of NOX2 and the relationship of clinical-pathology showed the expression of NOX2 had no correlation with gender,age,differentiation of tumor (X2 value were 0.852,0.150,5.062,P＞0.05).The result of spearman rank correlation showed that the NOX2 was positively correlated with that of VEGF.Conclusion:NOX2 plays an important role in the genesis and development in the gastric cancer,the expression of NOX2 was closely correlated with the VEGF.

Objective:To explore the differences of wear resistance of three kinds of glass ceramics and Wieland Zenostar zircona (Zenostar) , and to clarify their influencing factors.Methods:Zenostar were made into flat-shaped specimens (zirconia base sample group) and hemisphere-shaped specimens (zirconia pair grinding group) .There kinds of glass ceramics IPS Empress (Empress) , IPS e.max CAD (e.max) , VITA Suprinity (Suprinty) were used as base specimens.Each group was exposed to UMT-2testing machine to simulate the clinical service.The wear depthes of base specimens were detected by laser confocal scanning.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the wear surfaces.Results:In zirconia base sample group, there were no significant differences in the maximum wear depthes to Zenostar between the three kinds of glass ceramics (P＞0.05) .In zirconia pair grinding group, the maximum wear depthes ranked as follows:Zenostar group＜e.max group≈Empress group＜Suprinity group;there was no significant difference between e.max group and Empress group (P＞0.05) , but there were significant differences between other groups (P＜0.01) .The SEM results showed that the wearing surface of the Zenostar in zirconia base sample group was relatively smooth;whereas the wearing surface of Empress in zirconia pair grinding group was rougher with alarge area of clebris desquamation surface.Conclusion:The wear resistance of the three kinds of glass ceramics to Zenostar is related to the compositions and the chemical structures of materials.