OBJECTIVE:To investigate the bacteriological characteristics of nasal secretions of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)in our hospital,and conduct drug sensitivity test in order to provide theoretic reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:87 CRS patients underwent nasal endoscopic surgery were selected and the nasal secretions of patients were taken for bacterial culture. Automatic microbial analyzer was used to identify the bacteriological characteristics,and disk diffusion test was adopted for drug sensitivity test. RESULTS:Of 87 patients,bacterial strains were detected from 77 cases of nasal secretions,with positive rate of 88.5%. 112 strains were detected,including 81 strains of aerobic bacterium and 31 strains of anaerobic bacterium,and the most common bacterium were Staphylococcus aureus (20.54%). Antibiotics with the highest sensitivity was moxifloxacin (89.29%), followed by ciprofloxacin(87.50%),vancomycin(87.50%). CONCLUSIONS:The bacterial in nasal secretions of CRS patients has high positive detection rate and mainly are aerobic bacterium. Antibiotics should be used rationally according to the results of drug sensitivity test.

Objective To discuss the changes of serum Th1/Th2 cytokine levels of allergic rhinitis patients and the intervention effect of montelukast.Methods 40 cases of allergic rhinitis patients were selected as treatment group,who were given montelukast tablets (10mg) through the mouth one time daily for 8 weeks.The changes of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in peripheral blood (PB) before and after medical treatment were observed,as well as the clinical curative effect and security.Accordingly 30 cases of healthy people were also selected as the control group.Results The IFN-γlevel in culture supernatant of patients in the treatment group [(8.74 ± 1.37) ng/mL] was lower than that in the control group before the medical treatment [(15.13 ± 3.16)ng/mL],while the IL-4 level of patients in the treatment group [(1.64 ± 0.47) ng/mL] was higher than that in the control group [(0.72 ± 0.21) ng/mL] (t =2..93,3.52,all P ＜ 0.01).After 8 weeks' medical treatment,the IFN-γ level in culture supernatant of patients [(12.36 ± 2.56) ng/mL] increased obviously than that of before [(8.74 ± 1.37) ng/mL],while the IL-4 level [(1.21 ± 0.28) ng/mL] declined obviously than that of before [(1.64 ± 0.47) ng/mL] (t =2.36,2.31,all P ＜ 0.05).The total clinical efficiency of patients in the treatment group was 92.5 ％ (37/40).No serious drug adverse reaction (DAR) appeared during the medical treatment.Conclusion The Th1/Th2 cytokine unbalances in peripheral blood (PB) of allergic rhinitis patients.Montelukast has reliable curative effect with high security,whose mechanism of action has close effect on lowering the IL-4 in peripheral blood (PB),increasing the IFN-γ level in peripheral blood (PB),correcting the balance disorders of Th1/Th2 cytokine,and the transformation of immunity reaction from Th2 to Th1.

Objective To investigate the effects of sericin pretreatment on the expression of extracellular matrix(ECM) associated protein in diabetic nephropathy(DN) rats' kidney.Methods Sixty six male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=12):normal control group,DN model group and sericine pretreatment group.DN rats model in model group and sericine pretreatment group were established by intraperitoneally injection of streptozotocin(STZ).Blood glucose≥16.7 mmol/L was taken as the standard of successful modelization.The rats in sericine pretreatment group were lavaged with sericine(2.4 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) for 35 days before injecting STZ.The enzymic method was used to measure the blood glucose.Type Ⅳ collagen(cⅣ)and laminin(LN)content in the serum were detected by ELBA.The expression of transforming growth factor-β_1,(TGF-β_1)and tissue inhibitors of maprix metalloproteinase-1(TMP-1) protein in the kidney was observed by immunohistochemical staining.The expression of Smad 3 protein in the kidney was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with normal control rats,the blood glucose,cⅣ and LN content in the serum,TGF-β_1,TIMP-1 and Smad 3 expression in the kidney of the model group rats increased obviously(P<0.01).The blood glucose,cⅣ and LN content in the serum,TGF-β_1,TMP-1 and Smad3 expression in the kidney of rats in sericine pretreatment group were significantly lower than those of the rats in model group(P<0.01).Conclusion Sericin pretreatment can inhibit the activation of TGF-β/Smad 3 signal pathway in the kidney of DN rats,and prevent the decrease of MMPs activity induced by up-regulation of TIMP-1.So sericin can prevent accumulation of ECM and glomerulosclerosis during DN,and has satisfactory apotropaic effects on the development of DN.

Objective To explore the safety, efficacy and 1-year follow-up outcome of radiofrequency ablation combined with magnetic navigation assistance system in elderly patients with atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). Methods Forty cases of patients with AVNRT identified by the electrophysiological test were enrolled in the study. Twenty cases were ablated with magnetic navigation system. The other 20 cases underwent the conventional catheters operation. With the cardiodrive, the 8 Frablation magnetic Helios I (Stereotaxis Inc, USA) was advanced to the Koch triangle area from the inferior caval vein (IVC). With the assistance of magnetic navigation (AXIOM Artis, Siemens, Germany), the direction of tip and the advancement or retraction of the catheters were regulated. The success rate, the time of procedure, the fluoroscopy time and the 1-year follow-up outcome were analyzed, and the complications of procedure were recorded. Results Forty cases with AVNRT underwent radiofrequency ablation successfully. In magnetic navigation group, 19/20 cases underwent magnetic catheter operation. The cases who failed to finish magnetic catheter operation underwent successfully conventional catheter operation. There was no perforation complication and no significant statistic difference in the success rate between two groups. No recurring case was found in the two groups 1 year later. The total of fluoroscopy time in magnetic navigation group was more than that in standard ablation group [(16.4±2.7) min vs. (11.1±1.0)rain, P<0.01], but the decreasing trend of fluoroscopy time in magnetic navigation group was showed. The operator's fluoroscopy time in magnetic navigation group was obviously less than that in standard ablation group [(4.5±0.6) min vs. (11.1±1.0) min, P<0.01]. Conclusions The radiofrequeney ablation combining with magnetic navigation system has the similar safety and efficacy to the conventional ablation in elderly patients with AVNRT, but the operator's fluoroscopy time was significantly decreased.

The concentrations and distributions of trace metals and rare earth elements (REE) in sediment and mussel samples collected from the India Ocean hydrothermal area were analyzed.The metal correlation between organisms and sediments was investigated, and the ecological and chemical characteristics of REE were also explored.The results showed that, the trace metals in sediments were mainly Fe (96.6 mg/kg), Mn (1.14 mg/kg) and Zn (322.6 μg/kg), and Fe had high ratio of 98.15% by normalized calculation, which indicated that the available sediments in this studying hydrothermal area mainly consisted of iron ore substances.Trace metals and REE distributions all had good correlation between deep-sea sediments and deep-sea mussels, and the correlation coefficients were 0.991 for trace metals and 0.996 for REE.The contents and distributions of metal elements in deep-sea mussels were different from those in offshore mussels.The REE distributions in sediments and mussels showed obvious fractionation phenomenon, and the enrichment of LREE in mussels was significant.Through the REE patterns, Eu and Gd in sediments and mussels all showed anomalies, and Eu had a significant abnormal phenomenon in deep-sea sediments and deep-sea mussels.Besides, δEu values were 9.50, 10.68 and 0.23 in deep-sea sediments, deep-sea mussels and offshore mussels, respectively, and δCe were 2.21, 2.71 and 4.38, which showed that the enrichment sources of REE in offshore mussels and deep-sea mussels were different, and the REE in sediments and mussels from the India Ocean were homologous.

To study the comparability of myocardial enzyme spectrum detection results by two different bio-chemical testing systems to provide references for mutual accredit of detection results in one lab. Following NC-CLS document EP9-A2, 8 clinical specimens were selected every day for five days and tested for AST, LDH, CK and CK-MB respectively with Siemens ADVIA1800 and Johnson & Johnson Victro350 systems. Acknowledging Siemens AD-VIA1800 as objective testing system, the results were utilized to make correlation analysis and clinical acceptability esti-mation. There was high precision in Siemens ADVIA1800 and Johnson & Johnson Victro350 (CV≤1/3CLIA′88 allowable error). It's proved by t test that the difference of the myocardial enzyme results tested with Siemens ADVIA1800 and Johnson Victro350 was statistically significant (P<0.01), while the two testing systems showed significant correlation (r>0.975). In the comparison with the Siemens ADVIA1800, the standard errors (SE%) of AST, CK and CK-MB tested with Johnson Victro350 were 4.0%-6.6%, 9.6% and 13.3%, which were accepted by clinical standard; while the SE% of LDH tested with Johnson Victro350 were 11.2%-12.7%, which were beyond clinically acceptable range. In case one item is tested by different testing systems in one laboratory, the comparison and bias estimation acceptable eval-uationare necessary to judge the clinical acceptability, which can ensure the accuracy and consistency of the results.

Objective To compare the efficacy of the laryngeal mask airway Classic (CLMA), Streamlined Liner of Pharyngeal Airway (SLIPA) and laryngeal mask airway ProSeal (PLMA) in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Methods One hundred and twenty-three ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 20-64 yr undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups: CLMA group (group C, n =41 ), SLIPA group (group S, n =42) and PLMA group (group P, n =40). Laryngeal mask was inserted after induction of anesthesia with sufentanil 0.3 μg/kg, atracurium 0.5 mg/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg. Mll the patients were ventilated with intermittent positive-pressure ventilation. Anesthesia was maintained with contiunous infusion of propofol 6-8 mg· kg-1· h-1 and with supplementary administration of sufentsnil 0.1-0.2 μg/kg and atracurium 0.2 mg/kg as required. The degree of difficulty in inserting the laryngeal mask was evaluated. The rate of successful placement at first attempt, device placement time, recovery time and complications were recorded . Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and the number of patients with an airway sealing pressure less than PIP were recorded before pneumoperitoneum and when intra-abdominal pressure achieved 12 mm Hg. Results The placement was easier and the placement time and recovery time were significantly shorter in group S, and the placement time was significantly longer,the airway sealing pressure was significantly higher and the number of patients with an airway sealing pressure less than PIP was lower in group P than in group C ( P ＜ 0.05). The placement time and recovery time were significantly longer, the placement was harder, the airway sealing pressure was significantly higher, and the number of patients with an airway sealing pressure less than PIP was lower in group P than in group S ( P ＜ 0.05). PIP was significantiy higher when intra-abdominal pressure achieved 12 mm Hg than that before pneumoperitoneum in all the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications and rate of successful placement at first attempt among the three groups ( P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion All the three airway devices can provide adequate ventilation during operation, with fewer complications. SLIPA placement is easiest. PLMA can assure good airway sealing and is most suitable for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

A total of 30 kunds of fush samples, 5 kunds of shellfush samples and 4 kunds of crustacean samples from the Nansha sea area of chuna were dugested by mucrowave dugestuon system wuth HNO3-H2 O2 as the dugestuon reagent. Then the contents ( ICP-MS determunatuon) and ecologucal chemucal characterustucs of rare earth elements ( REE) were studued. The results showed that the method of mucrowave dugestuon-ICP-MS for the determunatuon of rare earth elements was perfect, and the lunear relatuonshup for each element was good wuth r≥0 . 9997 . The detectuon lumut of the method could reach 1 . 0 ng/L wuth the relatuve standard devuatuon (RSD, n=3) of less than 5. 0%. The recoverues of rare earth elements were between 91. 50% and 106. 67%. The total amount of rare earth un fush samples, shellfush samples and crustacean samples were 5. 02-34. 8 μg/kg, 30. 4-1481 μg/kg and 103-863 μg/kg, respectuvely. The average enruchment contents of the rare earth un the 3 specues was crustacean > shellfush > fush. The contents of 14 rare earth elements un fush/shellfush/crustaceans showed sugnufucantly posutuve correlatuon ( r>0 . 80 ) . The contents of lught rare earth elements ( La-Eu) were hugher than that of heavy rare earth elements ( Gd-Lu) . The lught and heavy rare earth elements had obvuous fractuonatuon, and the REE dustrubutuon pattern was consustent un fush/shellfush/crustacean wuth Gd negatuve anomaly. The δEu values had negatuve anomalues, sumular to the δEu values un correspondung area sedument, and δCe values showed posutuve anomalues, whuch showed that Ce had dufferent process of oxudatuon and reductuon un the organusm and sedument deposutuon. At the same tume, the enruchment relatuonshup of rare earth elements un sedument and organusm was also studued. In thus study, the content and dustrubutuon of rare earth elements un the tropucal marune fush/shellfush/shellfush were analyzed, whuch could provude basuc data for the study of the level and mugratuon and accumulatuon of rare earth elements un the envuronment of the South Chuna Sea.

BACKGROUND:Accumulative evidence supports that vitreous cryopreservation can improve the cel survival rate. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of vitreous cryopreservation on the tenocytes co-cultured with the porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) scaffold. METHODS:Tenocytes were co-cultured with the porous PDMS scaffold for 9-14 days, and then preserved and resuscitated in the 10%dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 21%DMSO and VS55, respectively. One hour later, the survival rate of post-resuscitated tenocytes versus pre-resusciated tenocytes was analyzed by live/dead double color fluorescent staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Live/dead double color fluorescent staining revealed that tenocytes in the 10%DMSO group appeared to be irregular and double stained, and a large number of cel s shedding from the scaffold. The VS55 and 21%DMSO groups showed some spindle and hemispherical cel s single stained for green fluorescence and few double stained irregular cel s. Additional y, the cel density in the two groups was significantly lower than that in the control group. Flow cytometry results found that there were homogenous cel s in the control group;the number of cel s in the 10%DMSO group was too low to undergo flow cytometry;smal cel particles were visible in the VS55 group;in the 21%DMSO group, the cel volume was similar with the control group, and smal particles also existed. The survival rate in the VS55 group (64.9%) was significantly lower than that in the 21%DMSO group (76.2%;P<0.05). Conversely, the survived cel s were rare in the 10%DMSO group. To conclude, 21%DMSO vitreous cryopreservation improves the cel survival rate and is beneficial for tenocyte adherence to the scaffold.

The particles suspended in seawater have great influence on pollutant migration and transformation in marine environment, while the lipophilic algae toxins enriched by the particles suspended in seawater will lead more serious toxicity to marine filter feeders. In this study, a new method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight lipophilic algae toxins in suspended particles by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( UPLC-MS/MS ) . After extracted with methanol by ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the sample was separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm×2. 1 mm, 1. 7 μm) using gradient elution of acetonitrile and water containing 5 mmol/L ammonium acetate as eluent modifiers. The qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by electrospray ionization ( ESI) tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring ( MRM) mode. Under the optimal conditions, satisfactory precision (relative standard deviations (RSD≤14. 1%), recoveries (83. 8%-110. 4%) and detection limits (2. 9-103 pg/g) of the method were achieved. Good linearity (R2≥0. 99) was also obtained for all studied analytes. Then, the method was applied to determine the amounts of the eight lipophilic marine toxins in authentic suspended particle samples collected from Qingdao near-shore area. Pectenotoxin 2 ( PTX2 ) was detected in the samples from Shilaoren beach and No. 3 bathing beach with concentration ranges of 717 and 790 pg/g, respectively.