Objective To compare the clinical characteristics and therapeutic differences between the Chinese and American patients with Crohn′s disease. Methods 85 patients in the Chinese PLA General Hospital (301 Hospital) and 68 patients in the Cleveland Clinic Florida (CCF), USA with Crohn′s disease from 1985 to 2004 were studied retrospectively. The statistic data were analyzed with Chi-square tests. Results The ratio of male and female patients in 301 Hospital was 1.74∶1 and in CCF was 1∶1.43. The incidence of positive family history and extra intestinal manifestations in CCF were higher than in 301 Hospital (P

To investigate the mechanisms of the rarity of metastasis to skeletal muscles. Animal models of blood borne metastasis to skeletal muscle and lung were established,VCAM 1 expressions of the microvascular endothelium in these organs were estimated using immunohistochemistry.The effects of skeletal muscle conditioned media(MCM) on several tumor cell lines were tested by MTT assay.Tumor cells or metastatic foci could be seen rarely in the connective tissue beside muscle bundles of the femoral muscles,however, there is no metastatic foci among muscle cells.The difference of metastatic rate between skeletal muscles and lungs was significant( P

To investigate the relation between AR and the survival period in patients with colorectal cancer.Multiple variance Cox regression analysis was performed between AR, DNA and CEA in tumor tissues and normal mucosa, and other host and tumor characteristics, such as gender, age, location of tumor (colon, rectum), degree of differentiation (high, middle, low), Dukes stage (A,B,C,D) and the survival period, in 30 colorectal patients. There were no significant differences with regard to gender, age, histological differentiation, AR, DNA and CEA levels in tumor tissues. Rectal carcinoma had poorer prognosis than colon carcinoma ( P

To sum up the experiences and results of surgical treatment for recurrent rectal carcinoma after rectectomy, pelvic exenterations were carried out for 49 patients with the disease and the survival rate was estimated. No death occurred in our group. The resect rate was 91 8%, and the operative complication rate was 12 2%. The 3 year survival rate was 85 5%, and the 5 year survival rate was 60 6%. Pelvic exenteration can improve the survival rate for recurrent rectal carcinoma after rectectomy. Urinary reconstruction and repair of pelvic peritoneum are important for reducing operative complications.

Objective To understand the pathogen spectrum and epidemic status of major human parasites in Chenzhou City,Hunan Province,so as to provide the evidence for parasitic diseases control. Methods The survey sites were selected by the stratified cluster sampling method. The intestinal helminthic eggs were detected by Kato?Katz technique. The trophozoites or cysts of intestinal protozoa were detected by saline smear and iodine staining methods. The eggs of Enterubius vermicularis of chil?dren from 3 to 6 years old were detected by the cellophane anal swab method. The species of hookworm were identified by the fil?ter paper strip culture method. Results A total of 7 031 people were detected with the intestinal helminthic infective rate of 1.83%(129 cases). The major parasite was hookworm and there was a statistically significant difference of the infection rates among various parasites(c2=107.77,P<0.01). All the hookworm larvae were Necator americanus. No intestinal protozoon was detected. There were statistically significant differences of the infection rates among the counties(c2=25.77,P<0.01). The age of the patients was mainly focused on 30 and above years old and the infection rate was increased with the growth of age(c2=26.21,P<0.01). Farmers were the main population of the patients and there was a statistically significant difference of the in?fection rates between farmer and others(c2=29.67,P<0.01). Conclusions The infection rates of parasites are low and hook?worm is the main parasite in the pathogen spectrum in Chenzhou City. However,the infection factors still exist,therefore,effec?tive and scientific measures should be taken to consolidate the achievement.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability and clinical value for detecting paraquat (PQ)concentration in serum by spectrometry. MethodsThe determinations of wave length for detecting serum PQ concentration by ordinary spectrometry and second-derivative spectrometry were carried out. When the second-derivative spectrometry was used for detecting PQ in serum, the linear range and precision for PQ concentration were well defined. The results of serum PQ concentration determined by second-derivative spectrometry and by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) were compared in 8 patient with PQ poisoning. A total of 21 patients with acute poisoning after PQ ingestion over 4 hours admitted from October 2008 through September 2010 were retrospectively studied. Patients were divided into two groups as per the serum concentrations more than 1.8 μg/mL or less than that by second-derivative spectrometry on the day of admission. The severity of clinical manifestations between two groups was analyzed with t-test or Fisher's exact probabilities analysis. Results ( 1 ) The absorption peak of 257 nm could not be found by using ordinary spectrometry to detect the PQ concentration in serum. (2) The calibration curve in the 0. 4 ～ 8.0μg/mL range for detecting PQ concentration by second-derivative spectrometry observed the Beer's law (r =0. 996) . The average retrieval rate of PQ was within the range of 95.0％～ 99. 5％ with relative standard deviation (RSD) within 1.35％～ 5.41％ ( n = 6), and the lowest detection limit was 0. 05μg/mL. (3) The results of PQ concentrations from 8 patients with PQ poisoning detected by second-derivative spectrometry were consistent with those of the quantitative determinations by HPLC ( r = 0. 995,P＜0. 01 ) . (4) The survival rate of patients with serum PQ concentration more than 1.8 μg/mL was 22. 2％ ,and the incidences of acidosis, oligouria and pneumomediastium in these patients were 55.6％,55. 6％ and 77.8％, respectively. These clinical manifestations were significantly different from those in patients with serum PQ concentration less than 1.8 μg/mL ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) . Conclusions ( 1 ) It was inappropriate to take 257 nm as the determination wave length for detecting serum PQ concentration by ordinary spectrometry. (2) The method of second-derivative spectrometry was reliable for detecting serum PQ concentration. (3) Serum PQ concentration detected by second derivative spectrometry could be used to predict the severity of clinical manifestations of patients with PQ poisoning and was an important predictive factor for poor prognosis if the serum PQ concentration more than 1.8 μg/mL after PQ ingestion over 4 hours.

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease is complex and lack of specificity; meanwhile, it is related to diseased regions, areas,severity and complications in intestine. Otherwise, it is difficult to diagnose. The etiological factors are still unclear and radical therapy is lack recently. Therefore, clinical manifestations and therapeutic measures of Crohn' disease at home are different from those abroad.OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical characteristics and therapeutic differences between the Chinese and American patients with Crohn's disease.DESIGN: Retrospective case analysis.SETTING: Department of Digestion, General Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 85 Chinese patients with Crohn's disease were selected from General Hospital (the 301 Hospital) of Chinese PLA from 1985 to 2004; meanwhile, a total of 68 American patients with Corhn's disease were selected from Cleveland Clinic Florida (CCF) from 1985 to 2004. Diagnostic criteria were based on WHO standards and all patients were diagnosed according to endoscope, X-ray manifestations and pathological characteristics.METHODS: Clinical data, including age, sex, family history, external manifestations of intestine, diseased regions and characteristics, drug treatment and surgical therapy, were compared between Chinese and American patients.Otherwise, enumeration data were compared with Chi-square test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age, sex, family history, extra intestinal manifestations, diseased regions and characteristics, drug treatment and surgical therapy of Crohn's disease.RESULTS: ① General status and extra intestinal manifestations of intestine: The ratio of male and female patients in the 301 hospital was 1.74:1 and in CCF was 1:1.43. The incidences of positive family history and extra intestinal manifestations were 7% and 34%, which were higher in CCF than those in the 301 hospital (1%, 14%, x2=4.631 2, 8.315 0,P ＜ 0.05). ② Diseased regions and pathological characteristics: The terminal ileum was involved at most (69%) and no patients had perianal diseases in the 301 hospital and the main pathological characteristics were ulcer (66%) and obstruction (14%). Those were higher than those of patients in CCF (25%, 4%, x2=25.309 2, 4.024 6, P＜ 0.05).Compared with the 301 hospital, the patients in CCF had more pathological changes in colon and rectum and more perianal diseases and intra-abdominal fistulas were involved (51%). The incidences of perianal diseases and intra-abdominal fistulas were 51% and 9%, which were higher than those of patients in the 301 hospital (0, 6%, x2=38.429 0, 0.148 2, P ＜ 0.05). ③ Therapy: The main selections of medicine were sulfasalazine salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP, 54%), 5-aminosalicvlic acid (5-ASA, 19%) and metronidazole (21%) in 301 hospital, but in CCF, steroids (60%),azathioprine (34%) and infliximab (46%) were the main selections of medicine. Rates of surgical therapy were higher in CCF than those in the 301 hospital (96%, 49%, x2=36.145 9, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in clinical characteristics and therapeutic measures between Chinese and American patients with Crohn's disease, which is one of the reasons for the two hospitals to take different treatments.

Aim Through interfering the expression of survivin with short hairpin RNA(shRNA) technology,to investigate the effect of downregulation of survivin on cell apoptosis and chemosensitivity to docetaxel in breast cancer MCF-7 cells.Methods(1) Using MCF-7 cells as a model system,three groups were set up transfected with lipofectamine,RNAi control plasmid and survivin RNAi plasmid,respectively.The expression of survivin in MCF-7 cells was measured at transcriptional and translational level by using RT-PCR and Western blot methods.(2) The effect on the cell cycle and apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry.(3) The viability of cells applied with different doses of ducetaxel was determined by using the method of 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction(MTT method).Results(1) RT-PCR and Western blot demonstrated that survivin expression was significantly decreased by transfection with RNAi targeting plasmid;the expression proportion was reduced by nearly 75.4% and 79.8%(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the reasons for the rarity of metastases in skeletal muscle.

METHODSBy injecting tumor cells (Walker256 rat carcinosarcoma) through the iliac artery (experimental group) and the tail vein (control group), animal models of blood-borne metastases were established. The quadriceps femoris muscle and lungs were observed grossly and microscopically. Immunohistochemistry was applied to investigate the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the microvascular endothelium of these organs. Primary culture of rat skeletal muscle cells was established and conditioned medium (MCM) was collected. Effects of MCM on several tumor cell lines and the biochemical characteristics of skeletal muscle delivered tumor factor(s) were tested by MTT assay. Apoptosis and morphological examination were carried out to investigate the antitumor mechanisms of MCM.

RESULTSIn the experimental group, there were no definite metastases observed in muscle cells. In the control group, lung metastases were present in the lungs of all rats that were sacrificed at the 14th day or died spontaneously (17 rats in all). There was no significant difference between the increase in VCAM-1 in quadriceps femoris muscle 7 days after iliac artery injection and that in lungs 7 days after tail vein injection (P > 0.05). In vitro studies showed that the proliferation of tumor cell lines of mouse SP2/0 myeloma, rat Walker256 carcinosarcoma or human chronic granulocytic leukemia K562, human acute lymphatic leukemia HL-60, LS-174-T colon adenocarcinoma, PC3-M prostatic carcinoma and lung giant cell carcinoma with different metastatic potency (PLA801-C with low metastatic potency, PLA801-D with high metastatic potency) was significantly inhibited when cultured with MCM (P < 0.01 - 0.05). Proliferation of malignant cells showed a dose-dependent decrease, to a certain degree. Proliferation of normal rabbit joint epiphysial disk cells (RGP-2) were not affected by MCM. Proliferation of lung giant cell carcinoma cells with high metastatic potency showed a significant decrease even when cultured in highly diluted MCM (6.25% of primary MCM), when compared with the strain of low metastatic potency. Following ultrafiltration, boiling at 100 degrees C, and treatment with trypsin, skeletal muscle delivered tumor factor(s) were found to be a low molecular weight (MW

CONCLUSIONSThe rarity of metastases in skeletal muscles, generally accepted in the clinical setting, can be reproduced in an animal model. It does not seem to be related to VCAM-1 expression in the microvessels of these organs. Skeletal muscle delivered factor(s) play a key role in the mechanism of the rarity of metastases in skeletal muscle.

Animals ; Cell Division ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Muscle Neoplasms ; pathology ; secondary ; Muscle, Skeletal ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; analysis

Objective To investigate the effect of the intraoperative wake-up test on the postoperative delirium in patients undergoing scoliosis operation under analgesia with sufentanil. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients , aged 12-60 yr, scheduled for scoliosis surgery, were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 30 each) : control group (group C) and intraoperative wake-up test group (group W) . The intraoperative wake-up test was not performed during operation in group C. Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion of sufentanil with the target effect-site concentration set at 0.5 ng/ml and iv injection of propofol 1-2 nig/kg. As soon as the patients lost consciousness, tracheal intubation was facilitated with 0.15 mg/kg cisatracurium besylate. The patients were mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with target-controlled inhalation of sevoflurane (target end-tidal concentration 0. 8%-1. 5%), target-controlled infusion of sufentanil (target effect-site concentration 0.2-0.3 ng/ml) and iv infusion of cisatracurium besylate 0.1 mg- kg-1·h-1 . In group W, the patients underwent the intraoperative wake-up test. Postoperative analgesia was provided with sufentanil. The occurrence of intraoperative awareness and postoperative delirium was recorded. Results No significant difference was found in the incidences of intraoperative awareness and postoperative delirium between the two groups. Conclusion The intraoperative wake-up test is not the risk factor for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery under analgesia with sufentanil, and inhibition of perioperative pain and intraoperative awareness by analgesia with sufentanil may be involved in the mechanism.