This article reviews the advances in the transradial cerebral angiography in recent years. Outcoming with the comprehensive informations of this approach possessing characteristics of safety, less invasiveness and fewer complications. Therefore this procedure is welcomed by patients and ought to be used routinely. (J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15: 315-318)

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of pancreatic cystic tumor.Methods The clinical data of 19 cases of pancreatic cystic tumor from January 2000 to August 2009 was retrospectively analyzed. Results Patients with pancreatic cystic tumor has no specific clinical feature.Ultrasound and CT were main image examinations, but they could not distinguish the pathologic types, and the diagnostic accuracy when compared with postoperative pathologic results was 57.9% (11/19) and 68.4%(13/19) respectively. The tumors were located in the pancreatic head and neck in 5 cases, body and tail in 14 cases, the maxim diameter was between 3 ～ 15 cm. All patients underwent surgical treatment; the rate of curative resection was 84. 2% ( 16/19 ). The rate of intraoperative misdiagnosis was 21.0% ( 4/19 ).Pathologic examination results showed 6 cases of serous cystadenoma, 6 cases of mucinous cystadenoma, 5 cases of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and 2 cases of intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma. 15 ( 78.9% )patients were followed up. Among the 3 patients with mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, one patient who received curative resection survived for 4 years with no evidence of recurrence; the other 2 patients died 4 months and 7 months later. 12 cases of cystadenoma were alive without recurrence. Four patients, including 2 patients of cystadenoma and 2 patients of cystadenocarcinoma were lost in follow-up. Conclusions To be aware of pancreatic cystic tumors is the key to reduce misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Surgical treatment is the treatment of choice with excellent prognosis.

The effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on the contents of ir-?-EP and ir-Dyn A1-13 in ischemic brain regions of Mongolian gerbils were observed with radioimmunoassay in this study.The results showed that the contents of ir-?-EP were significantly increased and those of ir-Dyn A1-13 were decreased in ischemic cortex and hypothalamus after injection of AVP into the lateral ventricle. However, the contents of ir-?- EP were markedly decreased and those of ir-Dyn A1-13 were unchanged significantly in the ischemic cortex and hypothalamus after intraventricular infusion of AVP antiserum.

Indexes of cardiovascular function and survival time were obser-vedin rats given the following antagonists respectively after scald injury: anti-p-endorphin serum at 10?l, Naloxone at 2mg, ICI174864 at 0.2mg, or TRH at 2 mg, and half of the doses were administered at 1, 2, 3h after scald. The results showed that the cardiac indexes (dP/dtmax, -dP/dtmax and LVSP)were improved, the decrease of mean arterial pressure ( MAP ) and heart rate ( HR ) were delayed after the injections of anti-p-endorphin serum, naloxone or ICIi748e4, and survival time was significantly prolonged in anti ? - endorphin serum group. TRH had little effect on cardiac indexes, MAP and HR were maintained at high level at earlier period, but sharply sloped down in about 210 min after burn. The result suggests that intraventri-cular administration of anti-?-endorphin, naloxone or ICI174864 had much benefit on scald shock, but TRH was uncertain at least in the treatment of scald shock.

In this study, radioimmunoassay (RIA) was performed to measure the change of immunoreactive-oxytocin (ir-OT) content in rat brain' nuclei related pain modulation, spinal cord, pituitary, adrenal gland and plasma by electroacupuncture "Zusanli" (EA) for 30rnin or pain stimulation for 2min. In the EA group, OT content was decreased greatly in the hypothalamic supraoptic N., while increased significantly in the hypothalamic ventromedial N., raphe magnus N., globus pallidus, spinal cord and adrenal gland, and there were no significant change in the hypothalamic paraventricular N., raphe dorsal N., locus ceruleus, pituitary arid plasma. There were also significant changes of OT content in rat brain, spinal cord and pituitary in the pain stimulation group, which are different from those of the EA group. The above results suggest that the changes of OT content in the EA group are specific, and provide evidence for involvement of endogenous OT in the central nervous system in acupuncture analgesia

The purpose of this experiment was to study the role of arginine vasopressin (AW) in acute cerebral ischemic edema in mongolian gerbils. The results showed that intracerebroventricular injection (ICV) of AVP exacerbated the ischemic brain edema, while ICV of AW antiserum significantly decreased the ischemic brain edema. Nimodipine couldn't block this role of AW in ischemic brain edema. The cortical Na+ -K+ ATPase activity was significantly decreased, the contents of cAMP in the ischemic cortex and hypothalamus and the contents of cGMP in the hypothalamus were remarkably increased after ICV of AW. These suggest AW was involved in the pathophysiologic process of acute ischemic brain edema. And its mechanism might be the effect of AW on AW receptor mediated by cAMP, cGMP, and that in turn inhibited the Na+ -K+ ATPase activity of brain cell membrane, then exaggerated the formation of ischemic brain edema.

The changes of immunoreactive neurotensin (ir-NT) contents in the brain areas, pituitary gland and plasma in the trautized rats were observed by radioimmunoassay. The results showed the significant changes of the ir-NT contents in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, plasma, injured tissue, hippocampus, central gray and spinal cord in the posttraumatic rats at different intervals. A predominant characterization of the change of ir-NT levels in the brain areas, pituitary gland and plasma, was the dramatical decrease at various times except for the hypothalamus, central gray, and hippocampus with biphasic alterations. The ir-NT contents in the frontal cortex, pons and medulla also displayed changes to different extent under the acute craniocerebral trauma condition These results suggest that NT may play a role in the pathophysiology of traumatic injury.

The immune function of rats was markedly suppressed following burn injury. At 24 h after burn, the lymphoproliferative response to Con A and IL-1 and IL-2 production in burned rats were significantly reduced, as compared with control animals. At 72 h after burn the immune parameters as above were at the lowerest levels. At 120 h after burn, a slight elevation of immune function was observed, but still lower than the levels of controls. The results of radioimmunoassay of ?-endorphin and dynorphin A in plasma showed that the concentration of ?-endorphin in plasma was not markedly changed after burn except at 2 h after injury, and that of dynorphin A in plasma was reduced markedly after burn injury. The dynamic change of circulating dynorphin A in plasma was coincident with that of immune function. Our results suggest that burn-induced immunosuppression may be related to decrease of circulating dynorphin A levels.

Objective To identify the correlation factors associated with cerebral intragenic ischemia after temporary parent arterial occlusion in intracranial aneurysm surgery. Methods One hundred and eighteen patients who underwent temporary arterial occlusion in the 120 aneurysms (from a group of 324 consecutive aneurysm patients treated from 1996 to 2002) were reviewed retrospectively. These variables included sex, age, presence of preoperative subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), neurological clinical grade, operational timing, duration of arterial occlusion, numbers of temporary occlusion, mode of arterial occlusion, intraoperative aneurysm rupture, hypertension, the location of temporary occlusion, aneurysm size, hyperglycemia, atheromatous mass. Univariate and multivariate were used to investigate the relationship between the variates and postoperative ischemic changes. Results The total times of temporary occlusion were 156, with an average of 1.30. The duration of arterial occlusion ranged from 1 to 45 min (9.75?7.75). Seventeen patients (14.4%) demonstrated evidence of new infarction in the vascular territory subjected to temporary arterial occlusion. Conclusion In the univariate analysis, age, presence of preoperative SAH, duration of arterial occlusion, atheromatous mass are all significantly correlated with postoperative ischemic injuries. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the age, older more than 60 (P= 0.010 3 , relative risk=4.335), and the duration of arterial occlusion, lasting more than 20 min (P= 0.032 9 , relative risk=4.177), have significant correlation with the injuries. Based on these findings, temporary occlusion is safe and useful in aneurysm surgery and the postoperative cerebral ischemia is less likely to occur when the duration of clipping is shorter than 20 min.

The contents of ir-oxytocin (it-OT), ir-Arg-yasopressin (ir-AVP) and ir-?-endorphin (ir-?-EP) in hypothalamus, pituitary and plasma were measured by. radioimmunoassay (RIA) when the rats were swimming. It was showed that the ir-OT contents in hypothalamus, pituitary and plasma were significantly increased in the animals having swum 1, 5, 15 and 20min (P