ObjectiveTo investigate the factors influencing early treatment of patients with acute stroke.Methods300 patients with acute stroke were investigated with questionnaire which including 28 factors influencing patients receiving early treatment.Results41.5% of patients were admitted within 6 hours after onset. The responses after onset, the time to the special hospital after stroke, and whether being able to describe symptoms and style of stroke correctly were independent influencing factors. Other factors such as age, sex and stroke severity had not obvious influence to admission delay.ConclusionEffective public health programs and establishment of effective emergent medical service system are measures to minimize the admission delay.

Objective To study the relationship of plasma homocysteine (Hcy), polymorphism in 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and cystathionine-?-synthase (CBS) genes, and cerebral infarction in the elderly. Methods 61 elderly patients with first-ever acute cerebral infarction and 57 controls were studied. The plasma Hcy levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD). The polymorphism in MTHFR was determined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and subsequent restriction enzyme digestion.CBS was determined by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). Results The fast plasma Hcy levels were higher in the patient group compared with those in the control group [(13.07?3.96)?mol/L vs (11.51?3.90)?mol/L, P 0.05). There were no differences in the plasma Hcy levels among the different genotypes. Conclusions The MTHFR, CBS gene mutations cannot lead to hyperhomocysteinemia in the elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction. Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with the independent risk of cerebral infarction, however, mutations only in MTHFR and CBS cannot be ascertained to be independent risk of cerebral infarction in the elderly.

Objective To explore the relationship between plasma homocysteine(Hcy) levels and cerebral infarction.Methods 87 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 80 controls were enrolled in the study. Plasma Hcy levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(HPLC-FD) technology using Baseling 810 type high-performance liquid chromatograph.Results Fast plasma Hcy levels were higher in the patient group[(15.28?4.33)?mol/L] compared with those in the control group[(11.32?3.86) ?mol/L]( P

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between plasma homocysteine (Hcy), polymorphism in 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), and cerebral thrombosis.Methods87 subjects with first-ever acute cerebral thrombosis and 80 controls were studied. The plasma Hcy levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD). The polymorphism in MTHFR was determined by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and subsequent restriction enzyme digestion and that in CBS was determined by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS).ResultsThe fast plasma Hcy level in the patient group was (15.28±4.33)μmol/L significantly higher than that ( 11.32 ±3.86)μmol/L in the control group (P<0.001). Different genotype had different influence on the plasma Hcy levels. There were no differences in genotype frequencies or allele frequencies between the patient group and control group (P>0.05).ConclusionCommon mutations in MTHFR, CBS G919A and CBS T833C lead to hyperhomocysteinemia. Hyperhomocysteinemia, but not common mutations in MTHFR and CBS is associated with the increased incidence of cerebral thrombosis.

Objective To investigate the influences of the genetic factors on the plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, and the relationships between the plasma homocysteine levels and the polymorphisms in 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and cystathionine ?-synthase (CBS) and the cerebral infarction. Methods All 87 patients with acute cerebral thrombosis and 80 controls were studied. Plasma Hcy levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection(HPLC-FD)from using baseline 810 high-performance liquid chromatograph. The presence of the MTHFR C677T mutation was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and subsequent restriction enzyme digestion, and the presence of the CBS G919A or CBS T833C was determined by amplification refractory mutation system. Results Fast plasma Hcy levels were shown higher in the patient group (15.3?4.3) ?mol/L as compared with those in the control group (11.3?3.9) ?mol/L (P

Objective To investigate the correlation between large artery atherosclerotic stroke and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R polymorphism.Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect the PON1 Q192R polymorphism of 120 patients with large artery atherosclerotic stroke (case group) and 117 healthy subjects (control group).Results There was significant difference in the genotype distribution of PON1 Q192R (x2 =18.727,P＜0.001) and the allele frequency distribution (x2 =16.427,P ＜0.001) between the case group and the control group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RR genotype was an independent risk factor for large artery atherosclerotic stroke (odds ratio 1.377,95％ confidence interval 1.032-2.185; P =0.026).Conclusions The allelic gene mutation rate of PON1 Q192R in patients with large artery atherosclerotic stroke was significantly higher than that in the healthy population.RR genotype is an independent risk factor for large artery atherosclerotic stroke.

Objective To evaluate the effects of prevention and control measures on coal-burning endemic fluorosis in Wulong County of Chongqing.Methods At a county level investigation,seven of the disease affected villages were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures on coal-burning endemic fluorosis in Wulong County from October 2012 to April 2013.Dental fluorosis of all children aged 8-12 was examined in every selected village.Urine samples of 50 children were collected and urinary iodine level was determined.The installed improved stoves,the drying of corn and pepper were investigated in every household surveyed.Ten samples of corn and pepper were collected and iodine level was determined.At a city level survey,seven of the disease affected villages were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures on coal-burning endemic fluorosis in April 2013.Dental fluorosis of all children aged 8-12 was examined in all villages.Ten households were selected for investigation of the installation of improved stoves,drying of corn and pepper.Children dental fluorosis was diagnosed based on the standard for Diagnosis of Dental FIuorosis (WS/T 208-2011).The fluoride concentration of children's urine was measured according to the standard for Urine-determination of Fluoride-ion Specific Electrode Method (WS/T 89-1996).The fluoride concentration of corn and pepper was measured by the method of fluoride-ion selective electrode.Results The field survey results at the county level showed that the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 was 8.01％ (44/549).The qualified rate of installed improved stoves was 99.56％(3 186/3 200) and the rate of correct usage of improved stoves was 99.78％(3 179/3 186).The correct drying rates of corn and pepper were all 100.00％(2 390/2 390).Three hundred and fourteen urine samples were collected and the fluoride content was 0.25 mg/L.Fifty-eight corn and 58 pepper samples were collected.The fluoride contents of corn and pepper were 0.70,2.09 mg/kg,respectively.At the field survey at city level,seven of the disease affected villages were investigated,the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis of children was 11.28％ (38/337).Seventy households were surveyed for the improved stoves.The qualified rate of installation of improved stoves and the rate of correct usage of improved stoves were all 100.00％(70/70,70/70).The drying of 56 corn and 58 pepper samples was surveyed.The correct drying rates of corn and pepper were all 100.00％(56/56,58/58).Conchsion All villages have reached the elimination criteria of coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas in Wulong County.

Objective To investigate abnormal glucose metablism of patients with stroke in hospital in Foshan in order to design more reasonable diagnostic and treatment plans.Methods Our study was conducted in 557 patients with stroke who were in hospital in Neurology Department of the First Hospital of Foshan from June 2007 to April 2008 (all were consistent with diagnostic criteria of stroke).Sex,age,history of diabetes mellitus and smoking,height,weight,blood pressure,waist circumference,random blood glucose,fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test of all were recorded when they were in hospital Results All 368 individuals (66.1%) had abnormal blood glucose,including 185 cases (33.2%) of diabetes,183 cases (32.9%) of impaired glucose tolerance and 189 cases (33.9%) of normal sugar tolerance.Furthermore,about 89.1% (189/368) cases with impaired glucose regulation and 14.1% (26/185) cases of diabetes were misdiagnosed if they did not undergo oral glucose tolerance test.Conclusions Most of patients with stroke in Foshan have impaired glucose regulation,who have been diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test,in favour of us to better design more reasonable diagnostic and treatment plans.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the T-SPOT.TB test for diagnosing tuberculous meningitis(TBM) by meta-analysis.Methods A systematic retrieval from the databases of PubMed,EMBASE,etc.was performed.The literature on the T-SPOT.TB test for diagnosing TBM was collected.Two reviewers independently screened the literature,extracted the data and judged the quality.The meta analysis was conducted by the Meta-Disc 1.4 software.Results 8 articles were included,involving 425 patients including 232 cases of TBM.In the peripheral blood group,the combined sensitivity was 80%(95%CI:0.74-0.85),the combined specificity was 74%(95%CI:0.67-0.80),the area under the curve(AUC)of summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC)was 0.858 7;the diagnostic odds ratio(DOR)was 15.50.In the CSF group,the combined sensitivity was 76%(95%CI:0.70-0.82),the combined specificity was 83%(95%CI:0.77-0.88),AUC was 0.892 7;DOR was 22.62.Conclusion Adopting the T-SPOT.TB test conduces to increase the diagnostic rate of TBM.The diagnostic accuracy of the T-SPOT.TB test for CSF may be higher than that for peripheral blood.

Objective To investigate the association between nutrition and peripheral artery disease (PAD) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.Methods One hundred and two stable CAPD patients from a single center were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.Automatic ankle-brachial index (ABI) measuring system was applied to examine ABI.Patients were divided into PAD group (ABI ＜ 0.9) and non-PAD group (ABI≥0.9).Clinical data were collected.Biochemical parameters were detected.Nutritional status was evaluated by serum albumin,handgrip strength (HGS) and subjective global assessment (SGA).Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the association of PAD with each nutritional marker as well as other potential risk factors.Results The incidence of PAD was 23.53％ (24/102).ABI was significantly lower in patients with malnutrition as compared to those without malnutrition [(0.72 ± 0.21) vs (1.04 ± 0.14),P＜0.01].Compared with non-PAD patients,serum albumin (P ＜ 0.01),HGS (P ＜ 0.01),diastolic blood pressure (P ＜ 0.05),serum creatine (P ＜ 0.05)、blood urine nitrogen (P ＜ 0.01) were significantly decreased,but age (P ＜ 0.01),the incidence of malnutrition [SGA,P ＜ 0.01],diabetic status (P ＜ 0.01),cardiovascular disease history (P ＜ 0.01) were significantly increased in PAD patients.Logistic regression analysis showed that serum albumin (OR=0.762,95％ CI:0.611-0.948,P=0.015),HGS (OR=0.988,95％ CI:0.979-0.997,P=0.013) were independent protective factors for PAD,malnutrition [(SGA),OR=21.101,95％ CI:5.008-88.901,P＜0.01] was independent risk factor for PAD in CAPD patients.Conclusions The PAD incidence of CAPD patients in our center is 23.53％.Nutrition is independent factor associated with PAD in CAPD patients.