BACKGROUND: The essential component of Plumbago zeylanica Linn is plumbagin, which plays a role in anti-leukemia, antibiosis, antifertility, as well as cardiovascular. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Plumbago zeylanica Linn on the healing process of experimental rabbit fracture. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized control experiment of animal was performed at the Department of Pharmacology, Guilin Medical College between December 2006 and February 2007. MATERIALS: Eight New Zealand rabbits, 80 to 85-day-old, weighing 2.1-2.5 kg, half male and half female. METHODS: Eight rabbits were randomly divided into the control and experimental groups, with 4 animals in each group. Under sterile conditions, the experimental bone fracture model of rabbit was created by making a longitudinal incision in the medial of the middle portion of right foreleg, cutting off a point-foot radius with bone clamp, and suturing the incision. The rabbits in the experimental group were treated externally with the extraction of Plumbago zeylanica Linn in 50% of ethanol, twice a day for 15 days. The sodium chloride was administrated into rabbits in the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The serum alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP), Ca2+, P3+, K+, Na+, Cl-, liberation and total calcium of the rabbit were measured at 15 and 30 days after drug administration, X-ray of the bones were performed at the fracture healing. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the fracture healing of the experimental group was faster, and the serum examinations showed that the serum Ca2+ levels of the experimental group was significantly increased by Plumbago zeylanica Linn, there had significantly differences between prior to and after drug administration (P

Objective To study the expression of elastic fibers,Collagen type Ⅳ and CD44v6 in the metastasis of the pulmonary adenocarcinoma.Methods In paraffin-embedded specimens from 56 cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma,the elastic fibers were stained with histochemical method and the expressions of collagen type Ⅳ and CD44v6 were detected with immunohistochemical method.Results The positive expression rates of elastic fibers,collagen type Ⅳ and CD44v6 were 11.5%(3/26),11.5%(3/26) and 80.8%(21/26)in the group with lymph node metastasis,and were 69.0%(20/29),55.2%(16/29) and 24.1%(7/29) in the group without lymph node metastasis,respectively.The expression of elastic fibers,collagen type Ⅳ and CD44v6 were significant difference in the two groups with and without lymph node metastasis(P=0.000).There was statistically significant correlation among elastic fibers,collagen type Ⅳ,CD44v6 and lymph node metastasis(all P

Objective To study the mental health conditions of students majored in stomatology and dental technology in internships,and to provide evidences and guidelines for education before and during exercitation.Methods Totally 90 students majored in stomatology and 60 students majored in dental technology in internships were surveyed by the questionnaires of symptom checklist (SCL90)and perceived social support scale (PSSS).Results were analyzed by SPSS 14.0.Measurement data was analyzed using t test comparison between groups,showed as mean ± standard deviation ((x) ± s).Positive screening rate and rate between male and female were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U inspection.The inspection level is α =0.05.Results Scores of somatization,paranoia and anxiety factors among students majored in stomatology were (1.49 ± 0.56),(1.52 ± 0.43),(1.73 ± 0.58),all significantly higher than those of the national norm of youth.Positive rate of mental diseases among students majored in dental technology was 77.59％ and their scores of somatization,constraint,anxiety,psychotic factors were (1.69 ±0.55),(2.07 ±0.5),(1.68 ±0.51) and (1.54 ±0.39),all significantly higher than those of students majored in stomatology.There was no difference in the scores of rest factors between the two groups.Scores of PSSS among students majored in dental technology were significantly lower than those of students majored stomatology.Conclusions Students of different majors all suffer from psychological problems with different degrees.Therefore,education,management and social support before and during exercitation should be emphasized in the prevention of psychological diseases.

Objective To analyze the CT findings and mechanisms of intracranial hemorrhage complicating infective endocarditis(IE).Methods The clinical materials of 5 cases with intracranial hemorrhage complicating IE were collected. Unenhanced CT was performed in all cases. Results Intracranial hemorrhage complicating IE included parenchymal hematomas, subarachnoid hemorrhages and hemorrhagic infarcts. Parenchymal hematomas could be sporadic or multiple and were all located in cortical or subcortical regions. Conclusion Perfectly understanding the mechanisms of the intracranial hemorrhage complicating IE is helpful to understand its CT findings and helpful for etiological diagnosis .

Objective:To identify the vision care access in rural primary health institutions and the utilization of vision inspections among rural residents. Methods:Survey data was collected from primary health institutions ( town-ship health centers and village clinics) and households. The descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis were applied to analyze data. Results:The household survey data shows that 33. 2% of rural residents self-reported having poor vision, and 22. 1% of rural residents stated that they had ever used vision care (vision screening or vison examinations) . The health facilities survey data shows that 84% of township health centers and 44% of village clinics can provide vision care. The multivariate analysis shows that the vision care access in township health centers is sig-nificantly correlated with the probability of residents’ utilization of vision care, but there is no significant correlation between the provision of vision care in village clinics and its utilization. Conclusions:The vision care access is low in rural China though there is a huge demand therefore. Inadequate supply of primary vision care services in primary health institutions may result in low utilization among rural residents. It is suggested that the government further pro-mote the National Public Health Service Program and strengthen the capacity of primary health facilities to provide primary vision care. To do so, an increase in the utilization of vision care among rural residents can be expected, which would thereby reduce potential losses caused by further vision impairment.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics,causes,diagnosis and treatment of pelvic mass in adolescents caused by gynecologic diseases. Methods One hundred and twenty-six adolescents with gynecologic diseases presented as pelvic mass were retrospectively reviewed. Results The average age of all patients was 17. 6 years,ranging from 10. 0 to 19. 0 years. Ectopic pregnancy was found in 38 patients(30. 2%) ,the average age of the patients was 18.6 ±0.5 years, ranging from 17.0 to 19.0 years. Ovarian neoplasm was found in 35 patients (27. 8%) ,the average age of the patients was 17. 1 ± 2. 1 years, ranging from 10. 0 to 19. 0 years. Twenty cases (57. l%)had germ cell tumor, eighteen with mature teratomas, one with endodermal sinus tumor and one with immature teratoma. Thirteen cases(37. 2%)had epithelial ovarian tumors;eight with serous cystadenomas,three with mucinous cystadenoma, one with mucinous cystadenoma complicated with serous cystadenoma and one with borderline mucinous cystadenoma. Two cases had simple cyst of the ovary (5. 7%) . Congenital abnormality of reproductive tract was found in 14 patients (11. 1%), the average age was 14. 7 ±2. 2 years, ranging from 13.0 to 19. 0 years. Seven had imperforate hymens, two had rudimentary horn of uterus,four had atresia of vagina,one had atresia of vagina complicated with rudimentary horn of uterus,and one had oblique septum of vagina. Corpus luteum rupture was found in 11 patients (8. 7%) , the average age was 18. 1 ± 1. 9 years, ranging from 13. 0 to 19. 0 years. 116 patients underwent operative treatment and 10 patients underwent conservative therapy. Conclusions According to the stage of adolescents, main causes of pelvic mass in adolescents are different Main causes of pelvic mass in early adolescents are tumorous disease. Congenital abnormalities of reproductive tract are usually in middle adolescents. The gonads develop closely mature in late adolescent period; main causes of pelvic mass are ectopic pregnancy, ovarian neoplasm and physiologic ovarian cyst Surgery is the main therapy of pelvic mass in adolescents.

BACKGROUND:The treatment of displaced acetabular fractures consists of formal open reduction and internal fixation.However,extensile exposure can lead to a lot of complications Percutaneous screw fixation for acetabukar fractures can decrease these complications Recently developed fluoroscopic-based computerized navigation technology not only allows the surgeon to achieve maximum accuracy of screw fixation but also significantly reduce radiation exposure time.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical application of the fluoroscopic-based computerized navigation system for percutaneous screwing for acetabular fractures.METHODS:A total of 18 adult patients with 20 non-displaced and displaced acetabular fractures were treated with percutaneous screw fixation under the guidance of a fluoroscopy-based navigation system.All acetabular fractures were acetabular anterior column fractures and posterior column fractures,which were fixed by varied hollow screws Static muscle contraction and limited active and passive motion were performed at 2 days,and weight-bearing exercise was performed at 4 weeks after operation.The time of screw implantation,screw position deviation,screw biocompatibility,as well as adverse effect after screw implantation was observed.In addition.d'Aubigne and Postel scoring was used in follow-up.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 30 acetabular screws were inserted.The average operation time for per screw was24.1 minutes from the image acquisition to wound closure.The average fluoroscopic time for per screw was 27.6 seconds.Compared to the final position of the screw,the average wire tip error was 1.5 mm and the average trajectory difference was2.25°.One patient sustained a transient femoral nerve palsy which was attribute to reduction clamp inserting from the use of the limited open reduction method rather than screw fixation itself and resolved 2 months after the operation.No evidence was noted of secondary displacement of the fragment or screw failure Using the rating system of d'Aubigne and Postel,13 patients had excellent results,4 patients had good results,and 1 patient had a fair result.The excellent to good rate was 94%All results demonstrated that percutaneous screw fixation of acetabular fractures with fluoroscopy-based navigation can produce excellent results in selected patients with non-displaced and displaced fracture amenable to closed or limited open reduction,which becomes a safe and effective alternative to traditional open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of certain acetabular fractures.

Objective To explore the technique of maximum entropy model for extracting Oncomelania hupensis snail habi?tats in Poyang Lake zone. Methods The information of snail habitats and related environment factors collected in Poyang Lake zone were integrated to set up the maximum entropy based species model and generate snail habitats distribution map. Two Land?sat 7 ETM+remote sensing images of both wet and drought seasons in Poyang Lake zone were obtained,where the two indices of modified normalized difference water index(MNDWI)and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)were applied to ex?tract snail habitats. The ROC curve,sensitivities and specificities were applied to assess their results. Furthermore,the impor?tance of the variables for snail habitats was analyzed by using Jackknife approach. Results The evaluation results showed that the area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of testing data by the remote sensing?based method was only 0.56, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.23 and 0.89 respectively. Nevertheless,those indices above?mentioned of maximum en?tropy model were 0.876,0.89 and 0.74 respectively. The main concentration of snail habitats in Poyang Lake zone covered the northeast part of Yongxiu County,northwest of Yugan County,southwest of Poyang County and middle of Xinjian County,and the elevation was the most important environment variable affecting the distribution of snails,and the next was land surface tem?perature(LST). Conclusions The maximum entropy model is more reliable and accurate than the remote sensing?based meth?od for the sake of extracting snail habitats,which has certain guiding significance for the relevant departments to carry out mea?sures to prevent and control high?risk snail habitats.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the security and effectiveness of minimal invasive fixation with 3D fluoro-images navigation in the management of acetabular fractures.MethodsFrom August 2008 to December 2010,20 patients with acetabular fractures were treated with percutaneous screw fixation under the guidance of 3D fluoro-images based on navigation system after closed reduction.There were 9 males and 11 females,aged 26-54 years old(mean,37.1±1.2 years).Fractures were caused by traffic accident in 15cases,and falling from height in 5 cases.According to AO classification,there were 2 cases of A1.1 type,3 cases of A2.2 type,4 cases of A2.3 type,2 cases of A3.2 type,2 cases of A3.3 type,2 cases of B1.1 type,2 cases of B2.2 type,1 case of B3.1 type,1 case of C2.1 type,1 case of C2.3 type.The interval from injury to hospitalization was 2-46 h (mean,8.6±0.2 h).After 3-14 days of skeletal traction through tibial tubercle,the operation was performed.ResultsTotally 46 screws were fixed.The average time for surgery was(22.6 ±1.2) min per screw.Forty-five screws were placed correctly with a successful rate of 97.8％,only one screw was reinserted for deviation.All the screws were checked by the 3D fluoro-images that they were not in the joint space after fixation.The result was same with CT scan.No incision problem and implant failure occurred.All 20 patients were followed up 12 to 28 months with an average of (22.8±1.7) months.At last follow-up,fracture union was achieved in all patients with satisfactory screw fixation.ConclusionThe minimal invasive fixation with 3D fluoro-images navigation makes the surgery for the nondisplaced acetabular fracture more precise and time-saving,minimize the surgery injury,and improves clinical results without an increasing rate of complications.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of cinnamic aldehyde ( CA ) on hormone-induced osteo-clasts proliferation and bone resorption in vitro and its molecular mechanisms. Methods RAW264. 7 cells induced into osteoclast were treated with RANKL and M-CSF and then were divided into control group, dexa-methasone ( DEX ) group and different doses of CA (11. 6, 23. 2, 46. 4 μg·L-1 ) groups. OCs were ob-served after tartrate resistant acid phosphatase( TRAP) staining. The cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay at different time points. The expression levels of TRACP5 b in cell cultured supernatants were measured by ELISA. RT-PCR technique was applied to examine the transcriptional levels of RANK and NFATc1 . Re-sults In MTT assay, the proliferation of osteoclasts stimulated by dexamethasone was promoted seriously compared with negative control group ( P < 0. 05 ) . Meanwhile, DEX could strengthen the content of TRACP5 b and up-regulate the expressions of RANK and NFATc1 mRNA. After administration of CA, the proliferation was inhibited, while the enhanced expres-sion of TRAP5b was reversed,and the over-expressions of RANK and NFATc1 mRNA were obviously down-regulated in a time-and-dose-dependent manner ( P <0. 05 ) . Conclusion The results suggest that CA in-hibits proliferation and bone resorption of osteoclast in-duced by DEX, which may be mediated by down-regu-lation of RANK and NFATc1 mRNA.