Objective To study the effect of periodontitis on rats with chronic bacterial prostatitis. Methods A total of 80 male rats were randomly divided into the 4 weeks group (n=40) and the 8 weeks group (n=40), and then the two groups were randomly divided into the normal control group (N=10), the periodontitis group (PE=10), the chronic bacterial prostatitis group (CBP=10), and the peri-odontitis+chronic bacterial prostatitis group (CBP+PE=10) respectively. The pathological changes, inflammation score, level of TNF-αand IL-1β, and indicators of periodontal of all rats were observed. Results In the 4 weeks group, the indicators of periodontal in PE group and CBP+PE group were higher than that in N group and CBP group (P<0. 05), but there was no significant difference between PE group and CBP+PE group as well as between the N group and the CBP group (P>0. 05). The pathological changes, inflammation score,TNF-αlevel ,IL-1 β level in CBP+PE group and CBP group were higher than that in N group and PE group (P<0. 05), while there was no sing-nificant difference between N group and PE group as well as between CBP+PE group and CBP group (P>0. 05). In the 8 weeks group, the indicators of periodontal in PE group and CBP+PE group were higher than that in N group and CBP group (P<0. 05), but there was no sig-nificant difference between PE group and CBP+PE group as well as between the N group and the CBP group (P>0. 05). The pathological changes, inflammation score, TNF-α level , IL-1 β level in CBP +PE group and CBP group were higher than that in N group and PE group (P<0. 05),while there was no singnificant difference between N group and PE group (P>0. 05). The pathological changes, inflam-mation score,TNF-α level ,IL-1 β level in CBP+PE group were higher than those in the CBP group (P<0. 05). Compared between 4 weeks group and 8 weeks group, there was no obvious difference in N group in terms of periodontal indexes. Periodontal indexes in 8 weeks PE group was higher than that in 4 weeks PE group (P<0. 05), but there was no significant difference prostate tissue pathology, inflamma-tion score,TNF-α level,IL-1βlevel (P>0. 05). Pathology, inflammation score,TNF-αlevel, IL-1βlevel in 8 weeks CBP group were low-er compared to 4 weeks CBP group (P<0. 05), and there was no significant difference between the indexes of periodontal (P>0. 05). Prostate tissue pathology, inflammation score, TNF-αlevel, IL-1βlevel in 8 weeks CBP+PE group were lower than that in 4 weeks CBP+PE group (P<0. 05), but indicators of periodontal in 8 weeks CBP+PE group were higher than 4 weeks CBP+PE group (P<0. 05). Conclusion Chronic bacterial prostatitis combined with periodontitis can inhibit self-healing tendency of chronic bacterial prostatitis of rats and keep rats in chronic inflammatory phase.

Objective: To observe the effect of the intravenous infusion of vasostatin-2 (VS-2) on hemodynamics in experimental rats with spontaneous hypertension (SH).
Methods: A total of 36 (14-16) weeks male SH rats with the mean body weight at (160-250) g were randomly divided into 6 groups:①Control group, the rats received normal saline (100μl/kg),②Catestatin (20μg/kg) group,③VS-2 (5μg/kg) group,④VS-2 (10μg/kg) group,⑤VS-2 (20μg/kg) group and⑥VS-2 (40μg/kg) group. n=6 in each group. The average blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and barorelfex sensitivity (BRS) were monitored and compared upon VS-2 treatment and between VS-2 and catestatin treatments in conscious and freelance rats.
Results: Compared with prior treatment, VS-2 (20μg/kg) and VS-2 (40μg/kg) could obviously decrease the HR, BP and BRS in SH rats. In VS-2 (20μg/kg) group, HR by bpm was (341.3 ± 19.3) vs (365.5 ± 25.5), BP by mmHg was (133.0 ± 8.9) vs (147.5 ± 11.2) and BRS by ms/mmHg was (0.52 ± 0.18) vs (0.37 ± 0.12);in VS-2 (40μg/kg) group, HR was (348.8 ± 30.8) vs (374.5 ± 34.8), BP was (131.5 ± 9.3) vs (151.7 ± 10.8) and BRS was (0.53 ± 0.05) vs (0.38 ± 0.03), all P<0.01. Catestatin treatment could also decrease the HR as (318.7 ± 13.4) vs (365.5 ± 25.5), BP as (119.7 ± 7.3) vs (147.5 ± 11.2) and BRS as (0.58 ± 0.15) vs (0.35 ± 0.11), all P<0.01. Compared with catestatin (20μg/kg), the rats received VS-2 (20μg/kg) had the weaker reduction of HR as (318.7 ± 13.4) vs (341.3 ± 19.3), BP as (119.7 ± 7.3) vs (133.0 ± 8.9), all P<0.01, while BRS was similar as (0.58 ± 0.15) vs (0.52 ± 0.18), P>0.05.
Conclusion: Intravenous infusion of VS-2 may obviously affect HR, BP and BRS in experimental SH rats;compared with the same dosage of catestatin, VS-2 had the weaker reduction of HR, BP and BRS.

Objective To study the effect of ultrasound-mediated microbubble on the concentration of cefuroxime in rat prostate. Methods Twenty male SD rats were randomly divided into the experimental group ( ultrasound-mediated microbubble+cefuroxime group) and the control group ( cefuroxime group) . The experimental group was given cefuroxime and microbubble via the tail vein, and then the prostates were exposed to ultrasonic irradiation for five minutes. The control group was given cefuroxime and the same amount of normal salin via the tail vein, and then given sham ultrasonic irradiation for five minutes. After the prostate was taken, cefuroxime concentration in pros-tate was measured by high performance liquid chromatograph. Results Concentration of cefuroxime in the experimental and the control group were (16. 274 ± 9. 515) μg/mg and (8. 336 ± 6. 743) μg/mg respectively. Compared to the control group, the concentration of cefuroxime was significant higher in the experimental group, and the difference is statistically significant (P <0. 05). Conclusion Low-dose ultra-sound-mediated microbubble can significantly improve the permeability of rat prostate tissue, thereby enhancing the drug concentration in prostate tissue.

AIM:To investigate the influence of matrine (MA) on the phenotype switching of mouse mono-cytes and alveolar macrophages induced by bleomycin ( BLM) .METHODS:All mice were randomly divided into normal saline (NS) group, BLM group, BLM+NS group and BLM +MA group.The mice were administered with BLM at 2.5 mg/kg via oropharyngeal instillation .The mice in BLM+MA group were treated with MA (15 mg· kg-1 · d-1 ) by oral gavage following BLM administration .The mice were sacrificed on days 3, 7, 14, and 21.The lungs were removed for pathological analysis .The circulating monocyte subsets and polarization state of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF)-de-rived alveolar macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry .RESULTS:The results of HE and Masson trichrome staining in BLM and BLM+NS groups exhibited classical pathological stages of lung fibrosis , including acute inflammation phase and later fibrosis phase .Compared with BLM +NS group, MA treatment alleviated the inflammatory response and the de-gree of fibrosis induced by BLM (P<0.05).There was a rapid change of circulating Ly6Chi monocytes and its magnitude was positively associated with the pulmonary inflammatory response .An expansion of M2-like alveolar macrophages was positively correlated with the magnitude of lung fibrosis .Moreover , MA treatment partially normalized the phenotype switc-hing of monocytes and alveolar macrophages .CONCLUSION:Matrine treatment attenuates BLM-induced pulmonary injury partially via modulating the phenotype switching of monocytes and alveolar mocrophages .

Objective To explore the value of simple exercise provocation test ( 6?minute running test) combined with small airway function test in early diagnosis of cough variant asthma ( CVA ) in children.Methods Ninety?four children with chronic cough from September 2017 to September 2018 in the pediatric clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected for routine pulmonary ventilation function examination,simple exercise stimulation test and questionnaire survey.The differences of pulmonary function,clinical manifestations and allergens between positive and negative children with simple exercise stimulation test were compared and analyzed.Results The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 94 children with chronic cough were all more than 70% by routine pulmonary function test,and the exercise provocation test was successfully completed.Among them,32 (34.04%) were positive in simple exercise provocation test.Among the positive patients,30 cases ( 93.75%) were diagnosed as CVA after further examination,clinical treatment and follow?up.In CVA group, FEV1 ( 81.52 ± 14.22)%,forced vital capacity (FVC) (89.00 ± 14.31)%, peak expiratory flow ( PEF) ( 65.05 ± 15.10)%, one?second rate (FEV1／FVC) (92.18±13.59)%,and instantaneous flow at 50% forced expiratory flow were observed after exercise.The vital capacity ( FEF50 ) ( 57.57 ± 22.49 )%, forced expiratory flow at 75% vital capacity (FEF75) (41.15±18.28)%,maximum expiratory flow ( MMEF75／25) (53.14±22.53)% were significantly lower than those before exercise ((94.07±9.69)%,( 92.30± 13.60)%,(80.73± 17.85)%,(101.07± 13.79)%,(66.71±19.29)%,(51.32±18.38)%,(63.75±19.43)%),(t values were 8.592 ,2.617 , 10.246 ,5.428,3.590 ,3.646 ,3.687 ,respectively,all P＜0.05)) In routine examination of pulmonary ventilation function,FEF50 (66.71 ± 19.29)% and FEF75 ( 51.32 ± 18.38)% in the positive group were significantly lower than those in the negative group (( 79.75 ± 21.94)%、( 69.08 ± 29.28)%),( t values were －2.841,－3.123,all P＜0.01).The proportion of night cough,morning cough and severe dry cough in positive group was significantly higher than that in negative group,while the proportion of day cough and wet cough was significantly lower than that in negative group ( P＜0.01).The proportion of eczema history in positive group was significantly higher than that in negative group ( P＜0.01).Conclusion Patients with CVA have high airway responsiveness and small airway dysfunction.Combination of simple motor stimulation test and small airway function test has important clinical value in the early diagnosis of CVA.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of different low-doses of nalmefene in preventing remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia. Methods One hundred American Society of Anesthesiolo-gist physical status Ⅰor Ⅱpatients, aged 20-64 yr, wih body mass index of 18-25 kg∕m2, scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia, were divided into 4 groups(n=25 each)using a random number table: control group(group C)and different doses of nalmefene groups (N1, N2 and N3 groups). In N1, N2 and N3 groups, nalmefene 02, 03 and 05 μg∕kg(diluted to 5 ml in normal saline)were intravenously injected, respectively, at 5 min before anesthesia induction, while the equal volume of normal saline was given in group C. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 005 mg∕kg, sufentanil 03 μg∕kg, etomidate 03 mg∕kg and rocuronium 06 mg∕kg. The patients were me-chanically ventilated after tracheal intubation. Anesthesia was maintained by IV infusion of remifentanil 03 μg·kg-1·min-1and inhalation of 4%-6% desflurane, bispectral index value was maintained at 45-60, and muscle relaxation was maintained with intermittent IV boluses of rocuronium. After admission to postan-esthesia care unit, patient-controlled analgesia(PCA)was performed, and PCA solution contained sufen-tanil 1 μg∕ml in 100 ml of normal saline. PCA pump was programmed to deliver a 05 ml bolus dose with a lockout interval of 15 min and background infusion at 2 ml∕h. Numeric rating scale score was maintained <4. The time for remifentanil infusion was recorded. The consumption of sufentanil was recorded in 0-1, 1-3, 3-6, 6-12 and 12-24 h periods after surgery, and the occurrence of nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, hypertension and shivering was also recorded within 24 h after surgery. Results Compared with group C, the postoperative consumption of sufentanil was significantly reduced in 0-1 h and 1-3 h periods after sur-gery in group N1 and in 0-1, 1-3, 3-6 and 6-12 h periods after surgery in group N2, and the incidence of postoperative nausea was significantly decreased in N1, N2 and N3 groups(P<005). The consumption of sufentanil in 3-6 h period after surgery was significantly lower in group N2 than in group N1(P<005). Conclusion The optimal dose of nalmefene is 03 μg∕kg when used to prevent remifentanil-induced post-operative hyperalgesia.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA) for liver complex space-occupying lesions.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 50 patients with liver complex space-occupying lesions who underwent ELRA in the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University between June 2009 and May 2017 were collected. There were 36 males and 14 females, aged from 13 to 69 years, with a median age of 51 years. All patients underwent ELRA. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted by outpatient examination or telephone interview. Patients were followed up according to the individual follow-up plan in the first 6 months after discharge, and then once every 3 to 6 months to detect tumor recurrence and survival up to May 2019. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range). Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates and draw survival curves, and Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Results:(1) Surgical situations: all the 50 patients underwent ELRA successfully, and postoperative pathological examination showed the R 0 resection rate was 100%(50/50). The operation time of the 50 patients were (630±186)minutes, of which 9 patients with liver benign occupation had the operation time of (684±168)minutes and 41 patients with liver malignant tumor had the operation time of (618±190)minutes. The operation time of temporary reconstruction of inferior vena cava and portacaval shunt, time of anhepatic phase, volume of intraoperative blood loss of the 50 patients were (35±9)minutes, (256±71)minutes, 2 000 mL(range, 400-10 000 mL), respectively. The remnant liver mass to standard liver mass ratio of the 50 patients was 65%±16%, of which 9 patients with liver benign occupation had the remnant liver mass to standard liver mass ratio of 63%±14% and 41 patients with liver malignant tumor had the remnant liver mass to standard liver mass ratio of 65%±17%. Of the 50 patients, 35 had vascular invasion (7 cases with liver benign occupation, 28 cases with liver malignant tumor), of which 24 (6 cases with liver benign occupation, 18 cases with liver malignant tumor) underwent in vitro vascular reconstruction, 12 (5 cases with liver benign occupation, 7 cases with liver malignant tumor) had bile duct invasion and underwent choledochojejunostomy due to the inability of the common bile duct to anastomose the ends. Two cases with liver metastasis of gastric cancer, one case with liver metastasis of colon cancer and one case with liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer underwent radical gastrectomy, radical resection of colon cancer, and pancreaticoduodenectomy, respectively. (2) Postoperative situations: the duration of postoperative hospital stay of the 50 patients were 25 days (range, 11-169 days). Of the 50 patients, 12 had pleural effusion who were treated with pleural puncture drainage, 10 had bile leakage who were treated with abdominal puncture drainage, 3 had bile duct anastomotic leakage who were treated with endoscopic nasobiliary drainage or biliary stent implantation, 6 underwent reoperation among which 4 underwent exploratory laparotomy due to abdominal hemorrhage, 1 underwent portal vein reconstruction due to abdominal hemorrhage combined with portal vein thrombosis, and 1 underwent salvage liver transplantation due to liver failure. Nine of the 50 patients died within 90 days after surgery, all of whom had liver malignant tumor. Among them, 3 died of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome caused by severe infection, 3 died of acute liver failure, 2 died of abdominal hemorrhage and 1 died pulmonary embolism. (3) Follow-up: all the 50 patients were followed up for 1 to 119 months. The overall survival time, 1-, 3-, 5-year overall and tumor-free survival rates of the 50 patients after operation were 17 months (range, 1-119 months), 68.0%, 45.9%, 41.1% and 41.9%, 33.4%, 30.8%, respectively. The overall survival time, 1-, 3-, 5-year overall and tumor-free survival rates of the 9 patients who with liver benign occupation after operation were 68 months (range, 10-114 months), 88.9%, 88.9%, 88.9% and 88.9%, 88.9%, 88.9%, respectively. The overall survival time, 1-, 3-, 5-year overall and tumor-free survival rates of the 41 patients who with liver malignant tumor after operation were 15 months (range, 1-119 months), 63.4%, 36.6%, 31.0% and 31.5%, 21.0%, 18.0%, respectively. There were significant differences in the overall and tumor-free survival rates between patients who with liver benign occupation and patients who with liver malignant tumor ( χ2=7.626, 11.766, P<0.05). Conclusions:ELRA can be applied in the treatment of liver complex space-occupying lesions. The selection criteria of patients with liver malignant tumor should be more rigorous to reduce perioperative mortality.

Objectives:To explore the effect and possible mechanisms of mild hypothermia on interferon(IFN)-α2b-induced AC16 cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Methods:Cardiomyocytes were stimulated in ordinary temperature and mild hypothermia by IFN-α2b under different concentrations for different times.Proliferation activity of cardiomyocytes was detected by CCK-8 assay.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry technique.The effects of different interventions on mitochondrial morphology were examined using Mito-Tracker Green and laser scanning confocal microscope,respectively.The mitochondrial membrane potentials under different intervention conditions were detected by flow cytometry.The fusion of dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1)and mitochondria,and the effects of different interventions on the mitochondria was examined by Drp1 or mitochondrial fluorescent probes and laser scanning confocal microscope.The effects of different intervention conditions on the protein expression level of Phospho-Drp1(p-Drp1)Ser616,Drp1,cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase1(cleaved-PARP1),poly ADP-ribose polymerase1(PARP1)were detected by Western blot. Results:CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry results showed that IFN-α2b inhibited the proliferation and enhanced the apoptosis of AC16 cardiomyocytes in a time and dose-dependent manner,these effects could be attenuated by mild hypothermia.Mito-Tracker Green,laser scanning confocal microscope and flow cytometry results showed that the extent of damage of mitochondria with different interventions were attenuated in the setting of mild hypothermia as compared with ordinary temperature.The morphology of mitochondria remained intact and the mitochondrial membrane potentials were the highest in mild hypothermia group.Injured AC16 cardiomyocytes released Drp1 from cytoplasm to mitochondria and increased mitochondrial fission,these effects were abolished after mild hypothermia.p-Drp1 Ser616/Drp1 ratio and cleaved-PARP1/PARP1 ratio were decreased after mild hypothermia,and above effects could be reversed by mitochondrial division inhibitor-1(Mdivi-1)pretreatment. Conclusions:Mild hypothermia inhibits IFN-α2b-induced AC16 cardiomyocytes apoptosis via improving mitochondrial function.

Purpose To establish and evaluate a high-speed fragment-induced penetrating liver injury model in pigs assisted by portable ultrasound.Materials and Methods With the aid of portable ultrasound,the lower edge of the liver at the end of expiration and the lower edge of the right chest at the end of inspiration of 10 Landrace pigs were positioned on the body surface.Then the sighting line was traced to determine the direction of projection and the sighting point.High-speed(about 627 m/s)fragments were projected through an experimental ballistic gun to induce penetrating liver injury.Blood pressure,heart rate,respiratory rate,pulse oxygen saturation and other physiological indexes were measured 15 minutes before shooting and 20 minutes after shooting.20 minutes after injury,the liver injury and the degree of injury were examined by ultrasound.After injury,the liver injury and abdominal fluid accumulation were observed by on-site portable ultrasound,and the size of liver trauma,liver injury grade,abdominal fluid accumulation location and maximum depth were recorded.The degree of liver injury was evaluated by comparison with the gross pathological results.Results Nine out of ten pigs were successfully modeled.The success rate of penetrating liver injury induced by fragments was 90%(9/10),other organ injury in abdominal cavity was 22.22%(2/9),and diaphragm penetrating injury was 22.22%(2/9),which did not occur obvious hemopneumothorax.After injury,the systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and pulse oxygen saturation of the pigs decreased[(132.44±12.65)mmHg vs.(103.33±33.43)mmHg,(96.44±12.27)mmHg vs.(70.89±24.21)mmHg,(89.44±8.49)%vs.(76.00±13.41)%;t=2.440,2.651,4.084,all P<0.05],and the heart rate increased[(94.00±17.39)times/min vs.(139.89±37.21)times/min;t=3.534,P<0.05].Within 20 minutes after modeling,portable ultrasound images showed that the liver injury was a patchy,heterogeneous,slightly strong echo area with clear and irregular boundary,and the continuity of the local liver capsule was interrupted.The ascites appeared in the abdominal cavity with the maximum depth of(4.16±1.35)cm.The American association for the surgery of trauma(AAST)liver injury grading of gross pathology after the animals were killed showed that there were 6 cases of grade Ⅱ and 3 cases of grade Ⅲ.Along the fragment projection direction,the short diameter measured by ultrasound was positively correlated with the depth of gross pathological laceration(r=0.945,P<0.001).Compared with the gross specimen,the accuracy rate of ultrasonic AAST grading of liver injury was 88.89%(8/9).Conclusion The model of high-speed fragment-induced liver injury in pigs assisted by portable ultrasound is accurate and stable,and portable ultrasound can effectively evaluate the penetrating liver injury,which provides a basis for the treatment of liver firearm injury.

Objective:To construct a practical education training quality evaluation system that can monitor the entire training process for the master of public health, and to provide a basis for improving the public health education system.Methods:Based on the survey of the current status of the master of public health, combined with the literature survey, the focus group discussion and the expert forum, an evaluation system was established, and the weight coefficient of each index was determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). All data were entered by Excel double-person, and matlabR2018a was used to calculate the weight, and determine the maximum characteristic root of the matrix, consistency index and consistency ratio.Results:The evaluation index system consisted of 7 first-level indicators and 24 second-level indicators. The average authority coefficient of 32 experts was 0.791. The top three items with the highest weight in the first-level indicators were mentor guidance (0.213), professional practice (0.157) and scientific research topics (0.149). The weight coefficient consistency ratio ( CR) was 0.040, showing that the consistency test passed ( CR<0.1). Conclusion:The educational quality evaluation system of the master of public health constructed by the institute is scientific, and the weight of the evaluation index reflects the focus of the postgraduate training process of the master of public health, which can provide a reference for improving the quality of public health professionals.