Objective To investigate the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning optimization method to reduce the additional dose resulting from megavoltage cone-beam CT (MVCBCT) imaging for nasopharyngeal carcinoma IMRT treatment. Methods MVCBCT images collection process was simulated using XiO treatment planning system. The mean doses of MVCBCT ( DMVCBCT ) were calculated in gross tumor volume ( GTV), clinical target volume ( CTV ) and risk at organ or tissue using 27. 4 cm× 27.4 cm portal radiation 8 MU,5 MU (A,C) and 27.4 cm× 15.0 cm portal radiation 8 MU,5 MU (B,D). The dose correct factor of MVCBCT (CFMVCBCT) according to IMRT TPS and DMVCBCT ,but CFMVCBCT plus MVCBCT imaging process for radiotherapy planning optimization. The paired t-test was play for A∶ B,C∶ D,A∶ C,B∶ D of DMVCBCT. Results The DMVCBCT and CFMVCBCT of A, B, C, D were 7. 78,5. 78,4. 88,3.55 cGy ( A∶ C, t =24.41,P＜0.01) and 0.993 -0.997 in GTV,with 7.88,6.95,4.88,4.38 cGy (A∶ B,A∶ C,B∶ C,t=3. 85, -31.82, -8.52, all P＜0. 01) and 0.992 -0.996 in CTV1 ,with 8.28,6.67,5. 17,4. 17 cGy (A ∶B,A∶C,B∶C,B∶D,t=6.41 -18.24,all P＜0. 01) and 0.991 -0.996 in CTV2;with 6.88,5.00,4.28,3. 50 cGy ( A∶ B, A∶ C,t = 2. 83,11.03, all P ＜ 0. 05 ) and 0. 989 - 0. 995 in spinal cord, with 7.88,7. 38,4. 95,4. 62 cGy and 0. 984 -0. 990 in left parotid, with 8. 67,0. 28,5. 33,0. 28 cGy and 0. 963 -0. 999 in left optic nerve,with 9. 17,0.22,5.72,0. 17 cGy and 0.821 -0.997 in left eye lens,with 6.95,2. 17,4. 38,1.38 cGy and 0. 987 -0. 997 in brain stem, with 7.78,0.45,4. 95,0. 28 cGy and 0. 978 -0. 999 ( A ∶ B,A∶ C,B∶ C,B∶ D for five organ or tissue,t =5. 06 -335. 16 ,all P ＜0. 01 ) in optic chiasm. Conclusions The MVCBCT imaging process resulted in radiation doses to patient. The impact of MVCBCT image acquired dose on IMRT treatment plan for NPC was eliminated by a compensation method.

Objective To detect the levels of plasma gelsolin(GSN),vitamin D binding protein(VDBP)and coagulation?related parameters in peripheral blood between pre?eclampsia,then analyze their relationships with the onset or development of pre?eclampsia. Methods A total of 30 women with severe pre?eclampsia(SPE)and 30 women with mild pre?eclampsia(MPE)were enrolled for the study and randomly chosen as trial group. 30 normal pregnancies with matching gestational ages were selected as control group?1 and 30 normal full?term pregnancies were randomly chosen as control group?2. The levels of GSN,VDBP,platelet(PLT),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),activated partial thromboplas?tin time(APTT),fibrinogen(FIB),and D?dimer were compared between those groups. Results The levels of GSN,VDBP and PLT,PT,APTT, FIB in SPE group were significantly lower than that of MPE group(P<0.05),and the level of D?dimer was significantly higher(P<0.05). In healthy pregnant women between control group?1 and control group?2,GSN fell during gestational weeks,with a concomitant rise in VDBP with no significance(P>0.05). There were no statistical difference among all the levels of coagulation?related parameters in healthy pregnant women(P>0.05). Conclusion GSN and VDBP levels in pre?eclampsia are significantly lower than that of normal pregnant women,along with pathological hy?percoagulative state,and which are related to severity of disease.

Objective·To investigate the effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on neonatal rat alveolar arrest induced by intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods·A neonatal SD rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was constructed by intra-amniotic injection of LPS in pregnant rats. The pregnant rats (E19) were randomly assigned to Saline group, LPS group and LPS+anti-IL-1β group. The lungs of the neonatal rats were randomly collected 1, 3 and 7 days after birth. Pathological changes in the lungs were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining, and expression of IL-1β mRNA and protein was detected by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Rat bone marrow derived primary macrophage was cultured in vitro, and given LPS intervention, then genes related with IL-1β were detected through whole transcriptome sequencing. Results·Compared with the Saline group, the alveolar counts and secondary septa counts significantly decreased, and mean liner intercept significantly increased in LPS group. Moreover, the expression of IL-1β mRNA and protein in lungs significantly increased in LPS group. The LPS-induced pathological changes of lung tissues in neonatal rats were improved by anti-IL-1β. LPS could up-regulate the expression of genes including Gbp5, Ccl3, Nod2, Ccr5, Mefv, Casp4 and Ifnar1, but down-regulate Lgals9 and Gstp1. Among these genes Gbp5, Ccl3, Nod2, Ccr5, Casp4, Ifnar1 and Lgals9 could positively regulate IL-1βproduction. Conclusion·LPS can induce alveolar arrest through up-regulating the expression of IL-1β in macrophages in neonatal rat BPD model. Whole transcriptome sequencing reveals that LPS can regulate the expression of IL-1β in macrophages through several paths.

The structures of DICOM image and BMP image are introduced through the analyses of them and DICOM standard.The method of translating DICOM image into BMP one is also presented.

Objective This paper was to study the absorption and metabolism differences of intestine and liver for multicomponent licorice.Methods The components were identified with the UPLC-MS/MS. In situ closed-loop method was used to carry out the comparative experiments of absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver.Results 13 components were identified by UPLC-MS/MS. The absorption and metabolism results indicated some components in licorice water extract could be absorbed into blood and metabolism happened during this process. 14 metabolites were detected in the plasma sample. The hepatic metabolism results indicated many components could experience complex metabolism and more metabolites could be generated.Conclusions Liver was the major metabolism organ for licorice water extract and some components could be metabolized along with the absorption process in intestine. The absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver were significant.

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy in the development of inflammatory pain in the rats.Methods Twenty-four healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-240 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6 each) by using a random number table:control group (group C),inflammatory pain group (group IP),dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (group D),and rapamycin (autophagy inducer) group (group R).Inflammatory pain was produced by injecting 50 μl bee venom into the plantar surface of the left hindpaw.In group C,0.9％ normal saline was injected into the plantar surface of the left hindpaw.In group D,2％ DMSO was injected through a gastric tube into the stomach 1 ml per day for 3 consecutive days,and the model was established at 1 h after injection on 3rd day.In group R,rapamycin l0 mg/kg (in 2％ DMSO) was injected through a gastric tube into stomach 1 ml per day for 3 consecutive days,and the model was established at 1 h after injection on 3rd day.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 2 h after the model was established.After measurement of the pain threshold,the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ),Beclin-1 and p62 by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased,the TWL was significantly shortened in IP and D groups,and the expression of LC3 Ⅱ,Beclin-1 and p62 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was significantly up-regulated in IP,D and R groups (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group IP,the MWT was significantly increased,the TWL was significantly prolonged,the expression of LC3 Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of p62 was significantly down-regulated in group R (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group D (P＞0.05).Conclusion Autophagy disorders are involved in the development of inflammatory pain in the rats.

ObjectiveComparingfourgroupsofimmunosuppressivemousemodelsestablishedby cyclophosphamide administration in different doses and periods , we used partial least squares ( PLS) analysis to evaluate the immunosuppressive mouse models comprehensively and select the appropriate way to establish this model .Methods In this experimental study, 58 male KM mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal group (10 mice) were given normal saline daily by i.p.injection, model group 1 (12 mice) was given 40 mg/kg CTX daily by i.p.injection for 10 days, model group 2 (12 mice) was given 80 mg/kg CTX daily by i.p.injection for 3 days, model group 3 (12 mice) was given 40 mg/kg CTX daily by i.p.injection twice for a week, model group 4 (12 mice) was given 50 mg/kg CTX daily by i.p.injection for 7 days.After the injection of cyclophosphamide , the daily metabolic activities were detected everyday such as body weight , water intake , and food intake , organ index and immunological indexes such as blood RT of the model mice were measured as well .Using partial least squares ( PLS) analysis to the models and analyzing the final weight , final anal temperature , organ index , and blood routine examination in order to evaluate the immunosuppressive mouse models comprehensively .Results Compared with the normal group , different dosages of CTX reduced the weight and anal temperature of model mice (P<0.05), the food intake and water intake (P<0.01), and the spleen index and thymus index ( P<0.01 ) .Besides , the amount and percentage of basophilic granulocytes decreased ( P <0.05 ) , and the percentage of MCHC , macrophage went up , as well as the absolute value of WBC and lymphocytes were decreased in the model groups 1, 2, and 4 (P<0.05).According to the PLS analysis, there were significant differences among models 1, 2, and 4 when compared with the normal group , especially the most different in the model group 1.Conclusions After the PLS analysis of different indexes , the optimal way to establish immunosuppressive mouse models is the procedure with 40 mg/kg CTX daily injected i .p.for ten days .Our findings provide experimental evidence for the establishment of immunosuppressive mouse models .

Objective:To obtain the prokaryotic expression product for the group 6 allergen of Dermatophagoides farine ( Der f 6) and detect its IgE-binding rates with sera from asthmatic children. Methods: By enzyme digestion of pET28a (+)-Der f 6 with BamHⅠ plus XhoⅠ,the target gene Der f 6 was obtained and linked into the vector pET32a (+) to construct the recombinant plasmid pET32a(+)-Der f 6, which was then transfected into E. coli BL21 cells for expression, induced with isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside ( IPTG) ,purified by affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE,Western blot and AMLDI-TOF,and tested by ELISA for IgE reactivity with sera from asthmatic children. Results:The plasmids pET32a(+)-Der f 6 were constructed,transformed into E. coli BL21 and expressed successfully. SDS-PAGE of the purification product showed a specific band,Western blot showed the successful binding between the purification product and the His-tag in the plasmids,and MALDI-TOF/TOF identified the identical structure to the allergen Der f 6. Using the ELISA method developed with the recombinant proteins as coating antigen,the positive rate was 41. 3% (19/46) in asthmatic children allergic to dust mite. Conclusion: The plasmids pET32a (+)-Der f 6 were constructed successfully,expressed in E. coli BL 21 (DE3). The recombinant fusion protein has a good reactivity with sera from asthmatic children.

Objective To observe the prognostic factors of functional outcome of patients with cerebral infraction treated in stroke unit.Methods The data of patients with cerebral infractions treated in stroke unit in our hospital were prospectively collected from April 2004 to December 2005 continuously.All the patients They were fol lowed up either by their regular visits to our outpatient clinics or by phone interview.The modified Rankin scale(mRS)score was used as the index of primary outcome.The prognostic factors of the functional outcome were analyzed by monovariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results A total of 150 cases were collected,of whom 98 were with good outcome,52 cases with poor outcome.The multivariate logistic regression showed that the poor outcome was associated with aging,previous history of stroke,high NIHSS scores,complications,and time from onset of the disease to admission to stroke unit.Conclusion The results suggested that older age,having stroke history,higher NIHSS total scores,having complications and delayed hospitalized time were influence factors to functional outcome of cerebral infractions in stroke unit.

Objective To explore the relationships among pulmonary function,DVH and acute radiation pneumonitis after three-dimensional conformal radiation treatment in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.MethodsPulmonary function tests were conducted on 68 inoperable patients (male 42,female 26,median age 52,KPS≥80) before and after three months radiotherapy respectively.After 3 months of follow-up,radiation pneumonitis were graded,and V20,V30 and MLD were derived from dose volume histogram (DVH).ResultsAll patients were treated with radiotherapy at the irradiation dose of 60～70Gy.Acute radiation pneumonitis occurred in 24 patients with 11 Grade Ⅰ,7 Grade Ⅱ,3 Grade Ⅲ,3 Grade Ⅳ.There were no significant difference between the pre-irradiation and the three months after irradiation for FVC (P＞0.05).But there were significant different between pre-irradiation and three months after irradiation for FEV1.0 and DLCO (P＜0.05).V20,V30 and MLD were observed in patients treated with high radiation pneumonitis.ConclusionsThere were close relationships among pulmonary function,DVH and radiation pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.