Objective·To investigate the effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on neonatal rat alveolar arrest induced by intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods·A neonatal SD rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was constructed by intra-amniotic injection of LPS in pregnant rats. The pregnant rats (E19) were randomly assigned to Saline group, LPS group and LPS+anti-IL-1β group. The lungs of the neonatal rats were randomly collected 1, 3 and 7 days after birth. Pathological changes in the lungs were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining, and expression of IL-1β mRNA and protein was detected by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Rat bone marrow derived primary macrophage was cultured in vitro, and given LPS intervention, then genes related with IL-1β were detected through whole transcriptome sequencing. Results·Compared with the Saline group, the alveolar counts and secondary septa counts significantly decreased, and mean liner intercept significantly increased in LPS group. Moreover, the expression of IL-1β mRNA and protein in lungs significantly increased in LPS group. The LPS-induced pathological changes of lung tissues in neonatal rats were improved by anti-IL-1β. LPS could up-regulate the expression of genes including Gbp5, Ccl3, Nod2, Ccr5, Mefv, Casp4 and Ifnar1, but down-regulate Lgals9 and Gstp1. Among these genes Gbp5, Ccl3, Nod2, Ccr5, Casp4, Ifnar1 and Lgals9 could positively regulate IL-1βproduction. Conclusion·LPS can induce alveolar arrest through up-regulating the expression of IL-1β in macrophages in neonatal rat BPD model. Whole transcriptome sequencing reveals that LPS can regulate the expression of IL-1β in macrophages through several paths.

Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that occurs in the bile duct epithelium,it is the second most common malignant tumor of the liver and bile duct after hepatocellular carcinoma.Imaging examination is an important method to detect bile duct cancer;the purpose of imaging is to determine the location of the tumor,and the extent of invasion and distant metastasis.Different imaging methods have their advantages and disadvantages,so they should be chosen based on the condition of patients,or be optimized as the combined detection.

Objective To explore and clarify the clinical features and management of patients with Castleman disease.Methods The clinicopathological features and therapeutic method of 65 patients with Castleman disease admitted to our hospital continuously from 2005 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.The mean follow-up time for the entire series was 40 (15-71) months.Results In contrast to Localized Castleman disease(LCD),Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) patients were relatively older and exhibit various symptoms and abnormal laboratory tests.We found 44 tumor in LCD group.LCD ones,most of which were hyaline vascular (33/42,78.6％),were more likely originated in retroperitoneum,enterocoelia(10/44,22.7％) or mediastinum(10/44,22.7％).The initial treatment for LCD patients was complete surgical resection and all patients are current alive with no evidence of recurrence.MCD ones always accompanied by fever(9/23,39.1％),anemia(9/23,39.1％)and splenomegaly,and most of MCD patients were plasmacytic variants(14/23,60.9％) or mixed cellular variants (5/23,21.7％).We found 66 tumor in MCD group and they were more likely originated in neck (16/66,24.2％) and groin area (12/66,18.2％).Surgery combined with CHOP-like chemotherapy or CHOP-like chemotherapy alone was the mainstream treatment for MCD ones.21 patients achieved complete remission or partial remission,and only 2 patients died of lung infection.Whether patients could tolerate long-term chemotherapy or not was an important prognostic factor.Conclusions LCD patients had no typical clinical symptoms and could be cured by surgery.Most of MCD patients always had a good prognosis after receiving CHOP-like chemotherapy.

Objective Genotype data of nine CODIS STR loci were gathered to examine the features of population differentiation and gene flow of seven Xinjiang minorities.Methods Heterozygosity,Nei's coefficient of genetic differentiation,Nei's genetic distance and Wright's F-statistics were calculated. Statistical tests using exact method were performed to measure the level of differentiation.Phylogenetic trees were constructed by Mega;AMOVA was processed by Arlequin.R-matrix model had been applied to describe the patterns of gene flow.Results It shows that average genetic heterogeneity for each population was above 0.7 with genetic differentiation coefficient below 2%.Statistical tests for population differentiation were significant for most of the loci.Phylogenetic analysis and AMOVA showed that all populations were divided into three main groups.The R-matrix analysis reflected that Uygur,Kirgiz and Ozbek had more amounts of gene flow than other populations,while the pattern of Hui was more isolated.Conclusion The seven minorities in Xinjiang are independent populations,while the level of differentiation is at average.The relationship in evolution is not far from each other,with wide gene flow.

Objective To explore the relationships among pulmonary function,DVH and acute radiation pneumonitis after three-dimensional conformal radiation treatment in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.MethodsPulmonary function tests were conducted on 68 inoperable patients (male 42,female 26,median age 52,KPS≥80) before and after three months radiotherapy respectively.After 3 months of follow-up,radiation pneumonitis were graded,and V20,V30 and MLD were derived from dose volume histogram (DVH).ResultsAll patients were treated with radiotherapy at the irradiation dose of 60～70Gy.Acute radiation pneumonitis occurred in 24 patients with 11 Grade Ⅰ,7 Grade Ⅱ,3 Grade Ⅲ,3 Grade Ⅳ.There were no significant difference between the pre-irradiation and the three months after irradiation for FVC (P＞0.05).But there were significant different between pre-irradiation and three months after irradiation for FEV1.0 and DLCO (P＜0.05).V20,V30 and MLD were observed in patients treated with high radiation pneumonitis.ConclusionsThere were close relationships among pulmonary function,DVH and radiation pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

This study was designed to use iTRAQ technology coupled with 2D LC-MS/MS to study the comparative proteomics of different processing technology for pilose antler. 1015 proteins were identified with 2D LC combined with MOLDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Comparative analysis with Protein Pilot (Version 4.5) revealed that 87 proteins were changed (P ≤ 0.05, the ratio of > 1.50 or < 0.60 as the threshold selection of difference proteins), of which 24 were up regulated and 33 were down regulated in the traditional frying process (TFP) compared with the fresh pilose antler (P ≤ 0.05). 7 significant different proteins (P ≤ 0.001), most of these significantly changed proteins were found to be involved in calcium ion binding and ATP binding associated with human healthy. Freeze drying with protective agent (FDP) (Trehalose) can improve the content of significantly different proteins (P ≤ 0.001) including Collagen alpha-1 (XII) chain (COL12A1) and Collagen alpha-1 (II) chain (COL2A1). The significant function involves in platelets activating, maintenance of spermatogonium, and disorder expression in tumor cells. The functional annotation by Hierarchical clustering and GO (gene ontology) showed that the main molecule functions of the proteins significantly changed in these processes were involved in binding (52.7%), catalytic (25.3%), structural molecule and transporter (6.6%).

Objective To compare radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) between concurrent and sequential combination of postoperative radiotherapy and endocrine therapy. Methods A total of 118 patients subjected by radical or modified radical operation of breast cancer were enrolled in this study and received radiotherapy and endocrine therapy between Jan 2003 and December 2007. All the patients were categorized into four groups: radiotherapy (RT) plus concurrent aromatase inhibitor(AI): RT+AI; RT plus sequential AI:RT-AI; RT plus tamoxifen (TAM): RT+TAM; RT plus sequential TAM: RT-TAM. Radiotherapy was delivered by using various energy of electron (6, 9, 12 Mev β-ray) or 6 M.V X-ray for different target with a dose of 50 Gy (2 Gy/Fx, 5 fractions per week). RILI grades were classified according to RTOG/EORTC and Aoki evaluation criteria from one month to at least one year after radiotherapy. Results 30/118(25.4 %) patients was observed with RILI, RT+AI 22.7 % vs. RT-AI 20.0 %(P =0.806), RT+TAM 35.7 % vs. RT-TAM 24.2 %(P =0.328). The incident rate of RILI was higher in elder patients(>60 yr) than in other patients (33.9 % vs.16.9 %, P =0.05). Patients with positive chemotherapy history had a higher risk of RILI than those with chemotherapy-negtive history (P =0.039). Conclusion These findings suggest that RILI are associated with age and chemotherapy history, but not correlated with the sequence of radiotherapy and endocrine therapy.

Objective To observe the prognostic factors of functional outcome of patients with cerebral infraction treated in stroke unit.Methods The data of patients with cerebral infractions treated in stroke unit in our hospital were prospectively collected from April 2004 to December 2005 continuously.All the patients They were fol lowed up either by their regular visits to our outpatient clinics or by phone interview.The modified Rankin scale(mRS)score was used as the index of primary outcome.The prognostic factors of the functional outcome were analyzed by monovariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results A total of 150 cases were collected,of whom 98 were with good outcome,52 cases with poor outcome.The multivariate logistic regression showed that the poor outcome was associated with aging,previous history of stroke,high NIHSS scores,complications,and time from onset of the disease to admission to stroke unit.Conclusion The results suggested that older age,having stroke history,higher NIHSS total scores,having complications and delayed hospitalized time were influence factors to functional outcome of cerebral infractions in stroke unit.

Objective:To obtain the prokaryotic expression product for the group 6 allergen of Dermatophagoides farine ( Der f 6) and detect its IgE-binding rates with sera from asthmatic children. Methods: By enzyme digestion of pET28a (+)-Der f 6 with BamHⅠ plus XhoⅠ,the target gene Der f 6 was obtained and linked into the vector pET32a (+) to construct the recombinant plasmid pET32a(+)-Der f 6, which was then transfected into E. coli BL21 cells for expression, induced with isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside ( IPTG) ,purified by affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE,Western blot and AMLDI-TOF,and tested by ELISA for IgE reactivity with sera from asthmatic children. Results:The plasmids pET32a(+)-Der f 6 were constructed,transformed into E. coli BL21 and expressed successfully. SDS-PAGE of the purification product showed a specific band,Western blot showed the successful binding between the purification product and the His-tag in the plasmids,and MALDI-TOF/TOF identified the identical structure to the allergen Der f 6. Using the ELISA method developed with the recombinant proteins as coating antigen,the positive rate was 41. 3% (19/46) in asthmatic children allergic to dust mite. Conclusion: The plasmids pET32a (+)-Der f 6 were constructed successfully,expressed in E. coli BL 21 (DE3). The recombinant fusion protein has a good reactivity with sera from asthmatic children.

Objective This paper was to study the absorption and metabolism differences of intestine and liver for multicomponent licorice.Methods The components were identified with the UPLC-MS/MS. In situ closed-loop method was used to carry out the comparative experiments of absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver.Results 13 components were identified by UPLC-MS/MS. The absorption and metabolism results indicated some components in licorice water extract could be absorbed into blood and metabolism happened during this process. 14 metabolites were detected in the plasma sample. The hepatic metabolism results indicated many components could experience complex metabolism and more metabolites could be generated.Conclusions Liver was the major metabolism organ for licorice water extract and some components could be metabolized along with the absorption process in intestine. The absorption and metabolism differences between intestine and liver were significant.