Falling in the elderly is a major health problem and may cause severe consequences. Fall risk assessment is important for preventing and intervening fall incidence. Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) has been introduced to evaluate motion/balance function and fall risk among the older people. Some researches indicated that it might have advantages over the usual tools, and can be used in the hospitals, communities, nursing homes, etc. IMU is a good way to measure gait variability, which may be strongly related with the risk of falls.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cataract ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Welding ; Young Adult

MLN4924 can inhibit the proliferation,invasion and metastasis of tumor by inducing tumor cells apoptosis,senescence and autophagy,which can inhibit tumor angiogenesis and enhance the sensitivity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Therefore,MLN4924 plays a good anti-tumor effect.

Background: Iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) is an important cause of deep vein thrombosis, but the incidence of IVCS is still unclear. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of IVCS in an asymptomatic patient population and to evaluate the risk factors in patients with and without IVCS. Methods: From October 2011 to November 2012, a total of 500 patients (228 women and 272 men; mean age of 55.4 ± 14.7 years) with no vascular?related symptoms were enrolled in this study. Computed tomography was performed to evaluate all patients. The degree of venous compression was calculated as the diameter of the common iliac vein at the site of maximal compression divided by the mean diameter of the uncompressed proximal and caudal left common iliac vein (LCIV). We compared the stenosis rate of the common iliac vein in women and men according to age and followed up patients to evaluate outcomes. Results: The mean compression degree of the LCIV was 16% (4%, 36%); 37.8% of patients had a compression degree ≥25% and 9.8% had a compression degree ≥50%. There was a significant difference between men and women in the LCIV compression degree (9% [3%, 30%] vs. 24% [8%, 42%]; U = 4.66, P < 0.01). In addition, the LCIV compression degree among younger women (≤40 years) was significantly different compared with that in older women (>40 years) (42% [31%, 50%] vs. 19% [5%, 39%]; U = 5.14, P < 0.001). Follow?up was completed in 367 patients with a mean follow?up of 39.5 months (range, 6–56 months). The incidence of IVCS in the follow?up period was 1.6%. Stenosis rate and the diameter of the site of maximal compression correlated with the incidence of IVCS. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the stenosis rate was an independent risk factor of IVCS (Wald χ2 = 8.84, hazard ratio = 1.13, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The incidence of IVCS was low and correlated with the stenosis rate of iliac vein. Preventative therapy may be warranted for common iliac vein compression in patients at an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, especially patients with a higher iliac vein compression degree.

Objective To explore the value of two-dimensional strain echocardiography for quantitative assessing the change of regional left ventricular myocardial function in rats following acute myocardial infarction. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. The study group consisted of 50 rats with occlusion of LAD for 30-45 minutes and the sham-operated group consisted of 10 rats without occlusion of LAD. Echocardiography were performed before operation, which was defined as baseline, and 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation. Left ventricular internal diameter at diastole ( LVIDd) and systole < LVIDs), fractional shortening( FS), ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular mass(LVM) were measured by anatomical M-model echocardiography. High frame rate two-dimensional images were recorded in the left ventricular short-axis views at the papillary muscle level. Peak systolic radial strain(PRS) and circumferential strain(PCS) of each segment were measured using 2-dimensional strain software. The rats were sacrificed and the infarcted size of each segment was measured using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) after echocardiography was performed. Fibrosis of left ventricular myocardium was displayed using Van Gieson stain in 1 weeks after infarction. Results Based on the TTC findings,the left ventricle of the study group was divided into three regions:infarcted,peri-infarct and remote myocardial regions. Van Gieson stain showed fibrosis existed in all the three regions. Compared with baseline and sham-operated group, PRS and PCS of infarcted, peri-infarct and remote myocardial regions of the study group significantly decreased within 1 week after operation ( P <0. 01) and persisted for 8 weeks. PCS and PRS of infarcted, peri-infarct and remote myocardial regions of the study group in 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation showed no significant difference when compared with those in 1 week after operation ( P >0. 01). Compared with baseline and sham-operated group,LVIDd,LVIDs and LVM of study group all increased significantly ( P <0. 05) in 4 weeks and 8 weeks after operation,and FS and EF reduced significantly ( P <0. 05). Two-dimensional strain obtained in interobserver and intraobserver both showed high agreement. Conclusions Two-dimensional strain echocardiography can assess regional function of myocardium with different perfusion in rats following acute myocardial infarction, and provides a sensitive and reliable method to follow up the process of left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.

Objective To explore the care burden and its influencing factors of primary caregiver of patients with spinal cord injury. Methods A total of 120 primary caregiver of spinal cord injury patients were selected as research object. The general information of SCI patients and their primary caregiver were investigated by SCI patient general data questionnaire and primary caregiver in SCI patient general data questionnaire, caregiver burden of spinal cord injury were investigated bycaregiver burden inventory. The relationship between the general information of patients and caregivers and the care burden analyzed. Results Caregiver burden of elderly patients was significantly lower than that of younger ones (F=54.053,P<0.01). The more serious of spinal cord injury, the higher of care burden (F=315.104,P<0.01). The patients with neck and multiple segmental spine injury and postoperative complications had a higher care burden (F=199.203,t=6.462, 32.195,P<0.01). When the caregivers were female, spouses or children, with poor health condition, with higher education degree, and as cadres or workers, caregiver burden was higher (t=6.061,F=22.073-52.392,P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the degree of spinal cord injury, complications, gender, and the relationship between the patients were the main factors that influenced the care burden. Conclusions The main factors influencing the care burden are spinal cord injury degree, complications, gender, and the relationship between the patients. Clinical managers needs to develop appropriate social support system for the factors which affect the caregiver, in order to ease the caregiver′s care burden.

The effect of glucose on acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1) expression in THP-1-derived macrophages was investigated.The results showed that high concentrations of glucose up-regulated ACAT-1 expression in THP-1-derived macrophages.

Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of external ureteral clipping and insertion of double J tube in laparoscopic ureterobladder reimplantation. Methods The clinical data of 21 patients with lower ureteral stricture undergoing laparoscopic ureterobladder reimplantation from Mar. 2014 to Mar. 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Twelve patients receiving conventional laparoscopic ureterobladder reimplantation were assigned to control group, and 9 patients receiving laparoscopy-assisted external ureterobladder reimplantation were assigned to improvement group. The ureter of the patients in the improvement group was separated under laparoscopy, the narrow ureter was severed, and the proximal ureter was taken out from the 12-mm Trocar. Then, the broken end of ureter was clipped under euthyphoria, and the double J tubes were inserted and fixed on the ureteral mucosa with 4-0 absorbable sutures and then sent back to the pelvis. The bladder was mobilized under laparoscopy, and the bladder and ureter were anastomosed. Results The surgery was successfully completed in all the 21 patients without transferring to open surgery or urine leakage after operation. The operation time was significantly shorter in the improvement group versus the control group ([77±17] min vs [104±20] min, P<0.05). All patients were followed up for at least 6 months after operation. Both ultrasonography and intravenous pyelography showed no ureteral anastomotic stricture. The hydronephrosis was alleviated to some extent. Cystography showed that 2 patients had reflux, with 1 case in each group. Conclusion In laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation, external ureteral clipping and insertion of double J tube are minimally invasive, and can shorten operation time and make the surgery less complex.

Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinens) in culture farms using an artificial warming system in Zhejiang, China,often show typical signs of white-spot disease such as white spots on their bodies, skin lesions, anorexia and eventually death. The sick turtles were mostly 5～80 g in weight. A suspected fungai pathogen was isolated from the sick turtles and verified as Pae-cilomyces lilacinus by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of its ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Detailed mor-phological examinations were also conducted to confirm the white-spot disease.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy and percutaneous renal holmium laser lithotripsy in the treatment of upper ureteral calculi. Methods A total of 132 patients with upper ureteral calculi admitted to our hospital from December 2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 66 cases in each group. The control group underwent ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy, and the observation group used percutaneous nephrolithotomy holmium laser lithotripsy. The clinical efficacy, surgical index and complication rate between two groups were compared. Results The clinical efficacy of the observation group (90. 91％) was higher than that of the control group(75. 76％),and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0. 05). The operation time of the observation group was (27. 53 ± 3. 97) minutes,which was shorter than (42. 59 ± 4. 34) minutes of the control group,and the postoperative blood loss was (18. 59 ± 5. 21) mL,which was less than (31. 68 ± 4. 72) mL of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0. 05). There was no significant difference in postoperative hospital stay between observation group[(5. 31 ± 1. 62) days]and control group[(5. 28 ± 1. 48) days](P ＞ 0. 05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between two groups (P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion Percutaneous nephrolithotomy with holmium laser lithotripsy is more effective than pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of upper ureteral calculi. It can shorten the operation time, reduce the amount of bleeding, and has higher safety.