0.05),and all were improved after operations (P

Copper is an essential trace element and plays an important role in the synthesis and function of many metabolic enzymes. However,it may be toxic when copper is overloaded. Numerous studies have been conducted on copper metabolism,especially the toxicity on liver;but systemic review is rare. This article is a systemic review on metabolism, mechanism of toxic effect,liver disease related to overloading of copper,and illustrates the effect of copper on liver ultra structure,oxidative stress,mitochondrial function,cell cycle and apoptosis.

Objective To analyse the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in ovarian epithelial cancer and to investigate the relationship between PTEN and clinical pathology and prognosis of ovarian epithelial cancer.Methods Expression of PTEN in 10 normal ovarian tissues,20 benign tumors and 60 cases of ovarian epithelial cancers were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results The positive expression of PTEN in normal ovarian and benign tumor tissues were significantly higher than that in ovarian epithelial cancers (100％ (10/10) vs 80.0％ (16/20) vs 53.3％ (32/60),x2 =7.778 and 4.444 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of PTEN was correlated to clinical stage,histilogical grade,presence and metastasis of lymph node (x2 =4.339;6.465 ;3.896;10.452;P ＜0.01),but there was no correlation to age,histological type and ascites (x2 =0.004 ;0.388 ; 1.057 ; P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of PTEN is related to ovarian carcinogenesis and development and may has great value in clinical diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian carcinogenesis.

Objective To explore the features and influencing factors of ambulatory blood pressure in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.Methods A total of 540 CKD patients from May 2010 to May 2012 in our department were enrolled in this study.Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was carried out.Blood pressure (BP),proteinuria and other clinical parameters were measured regularly.Ultrasonography was used to evaluate cardiac structure and function,carotid intima-media thickness and plaque.Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to examine the association between BP and clinical parameters.Results 63.9％ of CKD patients was non-dipper BP pattern,and 36.1％ was dipper BP pattern.As compared to dipper BP patients,those with non-dipper BP had higher ratio of nighttime/daytime proteinuria (0.51±0.29 vs 0.42±0.21,P ＜ 0.01),lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [(56.2±48.2) vs (75.5±56.5) ml· min 1 · (1.73 m2)-1,P ＜ 0.01],higher serum cystatin C[(2.8±2.0) mg/L vs (2.1±2.0) mg/L,P ＜ 0.01],higher left ventricular mass index [(53.7±23.2) vs (45.1± 16.3) g/m2,P ＜ 0.01] and severely damaged left ventricular diastolic function and higher carotid intima-media thickness [(0.7±0.3) vs (0.6±0.2) mm,P＜ 0.01].Nighttime blood pressure was independent predictor for proteinuria,eGFR and left ventricular mass index.Conclusions Nondipper blood pressure pattern is very common in CKD patients.Nighttime pressure is closely associated to renal damage and cardiovascular injuries.

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of proliferation effect induced by (R,R)-XY-10 and (S,S)-XY-10 on retinal pigmented epithelial cells(ARPE-19).METHODS: Human retinal pigmented epithelial cells(ARPE-19) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to investigate the effect of (R,R)-XY-10 and (S,S)-XY-10 on cell growth,and their mechanisms of proliferative action by using ERK、 AKT、PI3K、Protein kinase C (PKC)and Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors.RESULTS: (R,R)-XY-10 and (S,S)-XY-10 dose-dependently increased ARPE-19 cell proliferation,but not on HUVECs. When treated with proliferative inhibitors,H7(5μmol/L)、hypericin(20μmol/L)、PD98059(2μmol/L)、LY294002(50μmol/L)、SH-5 (10μmol/L) and L-NAME (100μmol/L),the proliferative effect was reduced by H7、hypericin、PD98059 and LY294002,but not by SH-5 and L-NAME.CONCLUSION: (R,R)-XY-10 and (S,S)-XY-10 can induce cell proliferation through MAPK and PI3K dependent pathway. KEYWORDS: age-related macular degeneration; (R,R)-XY-10; (S,S)-XY-10; ARPE-19 cells; human umbilical vein endothelial cells; proliferation

Objective To identify the metabolic levels in prefrontal lobe in patients with post-concussion syndrome by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and to explore the relationship between metabolic levels and executive function. Methods The study was conducted in 40 patients with post-concussion syndrome and 20 normal controls. 1H-MRS on prefrontal lobe was performed in patients and controls, the NAA, Cho and Cr were measured and the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr and NAA/(Cho + Cr) were determined. They were also evaluated executive functions by verbal fluency test (animal), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT) and Tower of Hanoi (TOH). Results Compared with normal controls, the patients with post-concussion syndrome were significantly lower NAA/Cr and NAA/(Cho+Cr) ratios in left prefrontal lobe (P < 0.05). The NAA/Cr ratio in left prefrontal was significantly positive correlated with total scores of verbal fluency (r = 0.66, P < 0.05), categories of WSCT (r = 0.54,P < 0.05) and total score of TOH(r = 0.58, P < 0.05). The NAA/Cr ratio was significantly negative correlated with total errors (r = -0.53, P < 0.05) and persistent errors (r = -0.47, P < 0.05) of WSCT and mean executive time of TOH(r = -0.67, P < 0.05). Conclusions The metabolic levels of NAA in left prefrontal lobe in patients with post-concussion syndrome is significantly decreased , it is one cause of impaired executive functions.

Objective To explore the relationship between reversed dipper blood pressure (BP) pattern with target organ damage in Chinese chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods A total of 1 116 CKD patients from the Third hospital of Sun Yat?sen university were enrolled from May 2010 to April 2014, all of whom carried ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and clinical data and ultrasonography were collected. Results Total of 23.39% CKD patients were reversed dipper BP pattern, 46.95% patients were non?dipper BP pattern, and dipper BP pattern was only 27.15%. Compared with dipper and non?dipper BP pattern group, patients with reversed dipper BP pattern had higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and severely damaged left ventricular diastolic function (all P<0.0083). After multiple linear regression analysis, reversed dipper BP pattern was an independent predictor for determining eGFR and LVMI. Age, lower hemoglobin and combination of diabetes were independently associated with reversed dipper BP pattern. Conclusion Reversed dipper BP pattern is common in Chinese CKD patients, which is closely related to renal damage and cardiovascular injuries.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum glycocholicacid(CG),hyaluronic acid(HA),procollagen type Ⅲ(PCⅢ) in neonatal diseases.Method The levels of serum CG,HA and PCⅢ were measured by radioimmunoassay in 46 neonates with different diseases and 20 healthy neonates.Results Serum CG and HA in patients group were significant higher than those in healthy control group(P

Objective:To see the influence of different antiplatelet therapies on stroke patients’ readmission by performing a deep data-mining into Beijing Healthcare Insuring Database,based on a large sample size.Methods:Aretrospective cohort study,was adopted to extract patients primarily diag-nosed as ischemic stroke from healthcare database.The first hospital records were considered as the pa-tient’s baseline in this study,who were divided into MAPT (aspirin)and DAPT (aspirin and clopi-dogrel)according to the patient’s baseline medications.A follow-up was conducted to see whether the patients would have rehospitalization record because of major result events after medication.The major re-sult events,included:(1 )recurrence of ischemic stroke;(2)hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic stroke;(3)myocardial infarction;(4)the digestive hemorrhage.The Kaplan-Meier figure was used to compare the survival situations between these two groups,the log-rank test was used to test the difference of the survival curve,and 1 ∶1 propensity score matching was calculated from the patients’baseline da-ta.Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR).Results:A total of 27 695 patients From January 201 0 to September 201 3 were included,4 047 with DAPT,and 23 648 with MAPT.Because the baseline characteristics of the patients was disequilibrium,so we used 1 ∶1 pro-pensity score matching,after which,the number of the two groups was 4 046 each.Adjusted for the gen-eral demographic characteristics such as age,sex,nationality,complication and drug combination,no statistical significance was observed between the survival curves of the two groups (P =0.06).HR value of major result events between the groups was 0.91 (0.82 -1 .01 ,P =0.07),which was not statistically significant.The covariate gender HR =1 .36 (1 .20 -1 .55,P <0.05),accompanied by diabetes HR =1 .36 (1 .20 -1 .54,P <0.05 ),dyslipidemia HR =1 .1 3 (1 .00 -1 .27,P =1 .1 3),heart disease HR =1 .39 (1 .22 -1 .58,P <0.05)was statistically significant.Drug combination with other antiplate-let agents HR =1 .05 (0.95 -1 .1 7,P >1 .05)did not increase the risk of readmission.Conclusion:There was no difference in prevention of readmission between patients with DAPT and MAPT.Patients with complications should actively treat the complications at the same time as they prevent recurrence after first attack.

3 mg/L was significantly worse than in those with hs-CRP≤3 mg/L (18.18%,5.45%;P=0.044,log-rank test). Higher hs-CRP concentration was an independent predictor of death or new vascular event(OR 3.609;95% CI 0.869—14.992;P=0.047).Conclusion Higher hs-CRP concentration in acute phase after ischemic stroke is an independent predictor of death or new vascular event in a year.