Headache is a common clinical symptom.Some headache disorders belong to secondary category.Many intracranial disorders,such as head trauma,cerebral vascular diseases,intracranial tumors and inflammation,can lead to headache due to mass effect,inflammation reaction,stimulation of vasoactive substances and decreased intracranial pressure.Furthermore,many drugs and other substances,disorders of eyes,nose,ear,mouth,neck and other systemic disorders can also cause headache.Many headache disorders can be determined by detailed case history and physical examination.Blood test,lumber puncture,CT,MRI and other imaging examinations are necessary methods for finding the causes and the treatment of diseases.

Construction of knowledge service system for university students'innovation and undertaking training program was proposed by analyzing their difficulties in information access during innovation and undertaking train-ing.The key points in constructing knowledge service system were pointed out, namely establishing professional service teams, providing stereoscopic and diversified service, establishing feedback and evaluation systems, and building powerful platform for information exchange.

OBJECTIVETo verify the clinical efficacy on post-stroke dysphagia treated with acupuncture at Lianquan (CV 23).

METHODSOne hundred and eighty patients were randomized into an acupuncture A group, an acupuncture B group and a rehabilitation group, 60 cases in each one. On the basis of the conventional medication, in the acupuncture A group, acupuncture was applied at Lianquan (CV 23); in the acupuncture B group, acupuncture was applied at Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) and in the rehabilitation group, the swallowing rehabilitation training was adopted. The treatment was given once a day, 5 times a week, and the 4 weeks of treatment was required in all of the groups. The national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and TV X-ray fluoroscope swallowing scale (VFSS) were used to evaluate neurologic deficit and swallowing function before and after treatment in the patients of each group. The morbidity of pneumonia and clinical efficacy were compared among the groups.

RESULTSThe scores of NIHSS and VFSS were improved apparently after treatment in the patients of the three groups (all P < 0.05) and the results in the acupuncture A group were superior to those in the other two groups (all P < 0.05). The morbidity of pneumonia in the acupuncture A group was lower than that in the acupuncture B group and the rehabilitation group [3.3% (2/60) vs 6.7% (4/60), 8.3% (5/60), both P < 0.05]. The effective rate in the acupuncture A group was better than that in either of the other two groups [95.0% (57/60) vs 81.7% (49/ 60), 75.0% (45/60), both P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONOn the basis of the conventional medication, acupuncture at Lianquan (CV 23) effectively improves the swallowing function, relieves neurological deficit and reduces the morbidity of pneumonia in the patients of post-stroke dysphagia.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Stroke ; complications ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on the stature of children with Turner syndrome(TS) and analyze its influencing factors in treatment.Methods Twelve children with TS were selected in the outpatient department of West China second hospital of sichuan university between Jan.2004 to Jun.2007.They were diagnosed as TS with karyotypically.The average age was 4.9-16.9(11.28?3.64)years old.Every patient must be made sure to have normal liver function,kidney funtion and MRI for hypothalamus and pituitary before enrollment.All cases were never treated with growth hormone or estrin.Not all the patients had the same manifestations:12 cases with short stature,9 cases with cubitus valgue,8 cases with broad chest,4 cases with low posterior hairline,2 cases with webbed neck,11 cases without pubes and armpit hair,none with menarche.Every patient must be made sure to have normal liver function,kidney funtion and MRI for hypothalamus and pituitary before enrollment.rhGH was used subcutaneously 3-5 cm around navel eve-ry night before sleep.Average rhGH dose was 0.16 IU/(kg?d)[0.15-0.18 IU/(kg?d)],and height standard deviation score (HtSDS) was calculated and compared before and after rhGH treatment,and adverse reactions were observed.Results The duration of treatment was different:9 cases for 12 cases months,2 cases for 15 cases months and 1 case for 18 cases months.The average height increase rat was (0.55?0.15) cm / month.Difference of HtSDS existed before and after treatment by t test(t=2.87 P

Humans ; Post and Core Technique

Child, Preschool ; Dexamethasone ; adverse effects ; Diaphragm ; drug effects ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Spasm ; chemically induced

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature

Objective To explore the clinical feature,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of Hashimoto′s thyroiditis(HT) combined with hyperthyroidism in children.Methods The clinical features of 56 children with HT combined with hyperthyroidism,including clinical features,complications,thyroid hormone,thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb),thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb),the detection of ultrasonic imaging and fine needle aspiration biopsies,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis were analyzed.Results The proportion of men to women was 16 in all 56 children,and the mean age at diagnosis was(9.95?2.09) years.The percentage of positive TGAb and TPOAb were 93% and 98%,respectively in all the 56 children.One child was diagnosed as HT combined with hyperthyroidism coexistent and myasthenia gravis type Ⅰ.The duration of hyperthyroidism ranged from 3 to 24 months.There were 14 children who had hypothyrodism and 8 children were euthyroid in all the 56 children.Conclusions Children with HT hyperthyroidism are more frequent in young females.TGAb and TPOAb are important markers for the diagnosis of HT.Pharmacotherapy is the first choice to treat HT hyperthyroidism.Hyperthyroidism is a clinical process of HT,and the percentage of children with hypothyrodism is increasing along with the development of disease.

Polyketides are very large group of natural products with functional and structural diversity.Most of them are produced by microor- ganism and have medicinal activities,including antibiotic,anticancer,antifungal and antiparasitic properties.The researchs in this area have progressed greatly.More and more polyketides are discovered,on the other hand the mechanisms of biosynthesis of those various polyketides are researched more deeply and clearly.The article reviewed the progress of the research in the diversity of polyketide synthases and the mechanisms of polyketide biosynthesise.

Objective: To analyze the related risk factors for esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) in patients with hepatocirrhosis and portal hypertension, so as to provide clinical evidences for establishing preventive measures for EVB. Methods: Using "* esophag *", "varice *", "bleeding", "hemorrhage", and "risk factor *" as the key words, we searched the clinical studies (1986-2006) about the risk factors of EVB in hepatocirrhosis patients in PubMed, Medline, Chinese Biomedical Database, Elsevier Database, OVID Database, etc. for Meta-analysis. The odds ratio(OR)of each risk factor was estimated and the 95% confidence interval[95% CI] was calculated. Results: Totally 19 papers met our criteria and were included in this Meta-analysis. The 19 papers involved 995 EVB patients and 1 854 controls. Meta-analysis revealed that a hepatic function of Child C, decreased prothrombin activity, hypoalbuminemia, severe esophageal varices, positive red-color sign, extended portal vein width and splenic vein width, thrombopenia, leucopenia and anemia were the risk factors of EVB; a hepatic function of Child A and mild esophageal varices were the protective factors of EVB. The gender, age, hepatic function of Child B, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, hyperbilirubinemia and midrange esophageal varices were not significantly associated with EVB. Conclusion: Improvement of poor hepatic function, blood coagulation status, hypoalbuminemia and treatment & prevention of severe esophageal varices (by endoscopic variceal ligation, devascularization and shunt) can help to reduce the incidence of EVB.