Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of tension-free vaginal tape obturator inside-outside(TVT-O)in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.Methods In this study,we enrolled the patients with stress urinary incontinence who were treated with TVT-O(n=72)or midodrine hydrochloride(n=72).The patient self-evaluation and the Results of pad test and urodynamic test 6 and 24 months after the treatment were compared.Results These 2 kinds of treatment significantly improved the symptoms in patients with stress urinary incontinence,and in patients treated with TVT-O the clinical efficacy 24 months after the treatment was better.Conclusion TVT-O is safe and effective in treating female stress urinary incontinence,and the long-term follow-up and the improvement of urodynamic indices show it is better than simple drug treatment.

AlM:To analyze and explore the clinical efficacy of strengthening lateral tarsal strip and advancing lower eyelid retractor for the treatment of degenerative entropion with eyelid relaxation
METHODS: Reviewed from January 2011 to January 2013, 21 cases (33 eyes) of degenerative entropion eyelid relaxation were treated with operation of strengthening lateral tarsal strip and advancing lower eyelid retractor ( fornix conjunctival incision ) , the follow-up was 12-24mo, curative effect was observed.
RESULTS: All the patients were cured completely, have no recurrence or overcorrection phenomenon. The cure rate of operation was 100%, there was no complication.
CONCLUSlON: Operation of strengthening lateral tarsal strip and advancing lower eyelid retractor is a safe, reliable, efficient operation to the treatment of degenerative entropion with mode of eyelid relaxation.

Objective:To explore the anti-fatigue effect of Tibet maca in mice. Methods: The mice were respectively given the powder or the alcohol extract of Tibet maca. The lactic acid concentration in blood, serum lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) , the time of weight loading swimming and serum urea ammonia level after the exercise in the mice were detected, and the anti-fatigue effect of the powder and the alcohol extract of Tibet maca was compared. Results: After the 30-day feeding, the serum LDH activity of the mice taking the powder or alcohol extract of Tibet maca was obviously higher than that of the mice in the control group(P<0. 05), the time of weight loading swimming was significantly longer than that in the control group (P<0. 05), and the blood lactic acid concentration after the exercise was obviously lower than that in the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Tibet maca can improve the time of weight loading swimming of mice, and reduce the level of serum urea ammonia after exercise and blood lactic acid concentration, sug-gesting the powder and alcohol extract of Tibet maca have obvious anti-fatigue effect.

Sera were collccted from mice immunized separately with schizonts, merozoitcs or different parasite stages, or from mice which had been recovered from Plasmodium yoelii yoelii infection. The effect of protection of cach serum against P. y. infection was assayed by passivc transfer technique. It was shown that only sera collected from mice which either had been trcated with chloroquine or had been naturally recovcred from P. y. infections can transfer certain dcgree of resistance to normal mice. The cffectivc sera delayed the appearance and the peak of parasitemia, and prolonged the survival time of the challenged mice. After these sera were fractionatcd by 50%(NH4)2SO4 precipitation, the prccipitated fraction showed similar degree of protection as the non-fractionated sera. Chloroquine-treated serum was shown to be able to inhibit the invasion of new erythrocytes by marozoite in vitro. 35S-methionine-labelcd antigens were precipitated by protective or non-protective sera and the bands were compared on SDS-PAGE and autoradiogram. Since thc antigcn bands of 245, 210, 190, 156 and 130 KD can only bc precipitated by protective sera but not by non-protectivc sera, it is possible that the protection of chloroquine-treated serum is induced by the specific antibodies against the above antigens.

Culture ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Formularies as Topic ; Humans ; Language ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Tablets ; Translations

AIM: To observe the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the subsequent permanent ischemic rat retina. METHODS: A model of two-vessel occlusion (2VO) was used to give an ischemic insult to rat retina. Bilateral carotid arteries were occluded directly in the simple ischemic groups. A procedure of double 2 min ischemia- 3 min reperfusion was applied to IPC groups before their carotid arteries were occluded. Experimental control groups received the same operation except that their exposed vessels were not occluded. Other 6 normal rats served as immunohistochemical controls. Eyeballs were taken out after being subjected to 1, 3 and 7 days of ischemia. The morphometry of retina was measured by stereologic methods. The apoptosis during the retinal ischemia was detected by TUNEL. Immunohistochemistry staining was used for the localization of bcl-2 in retina. RESULTS: In IPC groups, the thickness of retina was thinner than that in simple ischemic groups. The apoptosis was less when compared with the simple ischemic groups at the same ischemic time. The apoptotic cells show only in INL and the apoptosis of RGCs was not appeared until 7 days postischemia. There was no significant difference of the numerical density of RGCs at the different time after the operation. The bcl-2 immunoreactivity was weaker than that of the simple ischemic groups too. CONCLUSION: IPC reduced the injury caused by ischemia in retina, showing a protective effect.

Objective To investigate the effects of Nrf2/ARE pathway activator upregulating the expression of phase Ⅱ detoxifcation enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in islet B cell on its morphological structure in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were divided into diabetes model group (DM group),and tertiary-Butylhydroquinone intervention group(tBHQ group).At the same time,the normal control group (NC group)was set up.All rats were killed after eight-week continuous intervention.Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS) level were determined.Morphological structure of islet cells and apoptosis were observed.ELISA was used to determine MDA,TNF-α and T-SOD levels in serum and pancreatic tissues and Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of total Nrf2 and nulear Nrf2 in pancreatic tissues.Results Compared with NC group,FBG and FINS levels significantly increased and decreased in DM group respectively (all P=0.000).Compared with DM group,FBG and FINS levels significantly decreased and increased in tBHQ group respectively (all P=0.000).Compared with NC group,the number of islet cells significantly decreased and swelling,necrosis and apoptosis occurred in DM group.Islet cells in tBHQ group were significantly better than those in DM group.Compared with NC group,MDA and TNF-α levels in serum and pancreatic tissue significantly increased and TSOD levels significantly decreased in DM group (all P=0.000).Compared with DM group,MDA and TNF-α levels in serum and pancreatic tissue significantly decreased and T-SOD levels significantly increased in DM group(all P=0.000).Total Nrf2 and nulear Nrf2 in protein expression in DM group were significantly lower of than those in NC group (P()=0.000,P nulear Nrf2=0.006).Rats in tBHQ group had significantly higher protein expression of total Nrf2 and nulear Nrf2 than in DM group (all P=0.000).Conclusions Activating Nrf2/ARE pathway can reduce injury of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation on islet B cells further through upregulating the expression of phase Ⅱ detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in islet B cells.

To compare the clinical effect of Qianliekang and finasteride in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia to explore the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine for the therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods:Totally 36 Wistar rats were selected, and then divided into 3 groups randomly with 12 ones in each, namely Qianliekang group, finasteride group and the control group. After 14 days of castration, the three groups were all treated with subcutaneous injection of 5 mg kg-1 testosterone propi-onate, and Qianliekang group was additionally treated with intragastric administration at 10-fold adult dose, finasteride group was trea-ted with intragastric administration at the dose of 0. 1 mg·kg-1 , and the control group was treated with the same amount of distilled water. The rats were sacrificed after the 21-day treatment, and the wet weight of prostate was determined, the prostate volume was measured and the pathological changes in prostate tissue were observed under a light microscope. Results:The wet weight of prostate in Qianliekang group and finasteride group was (0. 467 ± 0. 061) g and(0. 408 ± 0. 058) g, respectively, the prostate volume was (0. 371 ± 0. 059)ml and(0. 365 ± 0. 054)ml, respectively, and the above indicators were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion:Qianliekang can effectively inhibit benign prostatic hyperplasia in the model rats, and the mechanism may be related to the proliferation inhibition of prostate cells.

AIM: To evaluate the clinical effect and the rotational stability of AcrySof Toric intraocular lens ( IOL ) implantation to correct preexisting corneal astigmatism in cataract surgery.
METHODS: Twenty-three patients ( 28 eyes ) were enrolled from the department of ophthalmology in the first Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. All patients underwent similar phacoemulsification procedure combined with AcrySof Toric IOL implantation from June 2012 to December 2013. The uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , anticipated residual astigmatism, postoperative residual astigmatism, and Toric IOL axis were detected and measured.
RESULTS:Three months after operation, the UCVA of all eyes were 0. 75±0. 16 and the BCVA were 0. 84±0. 15, there was no significant difference between UCVA and BCVA ( t = 1. 036, P>0. 05 ). The anticipated residual astigmatism was ( 0. 28±0. 12 ) D. The actual residual astigmatism after 3mo of the operation was (0. 42±0. 17) D. There was no significant difference between anticipated and actual residual astigmatism (t=1. 259, P>0. 05). The mean axis rotation of Toric IOL was 3. 02o±1.56o (0o-7o) after 1d of operation and 3. 28o±1. 85o (0o-7o) after 3mo. Among all the eyes, 25 eyes ( 89%) rotated <5o, in 3 eyes (11%) rotated 5o-7o.
CONCLUSION: The AcrySof Toric IOL implantation shows good effectiveness, predictability and stability in correcting pre-existing astigmatism in cataract patients.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) on neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS).Methods Data of 53 newborns with MAS admitted into the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Ning Bo Women and Children's Hospital from June 2008 to June 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different therapeutic measures,they were divided into three groups:conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) group (n=23),HFOV group (n=18) and HFOV+PS group (n=12).The oxygen index,arterial oxygen/alveolar oxygen ratio (a/ApO2) and inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) were monitored at 2,12,24 and 48 h after mechanical ventilation.The mechanical ventilation time,duration of hospital stay,change of symptom,complications and clinical outcomes of the three groups were compared by analysis of variance and Chi-square test.Results The parameters of the three groups at 2 and 48 h after mechanical ventilation were as followed:CMV group [oxygen index:(23.79±7.27) and (15.04±4.76) mm Hg; a/ApO2:0.11±0.04 and 0.31 ±0.07; FiO2:0.74±0.16 and 0.47± 0.21],HFOV group [oxygen index:(21.13±6.29) and (11.73±4.54) mm Hg; a/ApO2:0.14±0.06 and 0.35±0.06; FiO2:0.68±0.14 and 0.41±0.11] and HFOV+ PS group [oxygen index:( 18.35 ± 5.68 ) and ( 7.85 ± 5.06 )mm Hg; a/ApO2:0.17±0.03 and 0.40±0.02; FiO2:0.59±0.13 and 0.29±0.16].Compared with CMV group,the parameters of HFOV group and HFOV+ PS group were different at different time points,and the parameters (duration and extent) of HFOV+ PS group were better than those of HFOV group (all P＜0.05).The mechanical ventilation time was (7.2±0.6) days in CMV group,(4.2± 1.4) days in HFOV group and (2.9±0.5) days in HFOV+PS group; the hospital stay was (22.2±4.5) days in CMV group,(15.6±3.4) days in HFOV group and (11.8±4.3) days in HFOV+PS group; and the oxygen treatment time was (15.4± 2.4) days in CMV group,(11.8±5.3) days in HFOV group and (7.4±2.2) days in HFOV+PS group.The mechanical ventilation time,oxygen treatment time and hospital stay time were the longest in CMV group,the shortest in HFOV+ PS group (P＜ 0.05,respectively).Conclusions Early HFOV combined with PS might be a better therapeutic method for infants with MAS than HFOV or CMV alone.