Multi-drug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells is a major cause of failure of chemotherapy in cancer treatment. Most MDRs are caused by overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) which effuses chemotherapeutic agents out of cells. Nano drug delivery systems (NDDS) have been valued for their characteristics including drug targeting, slow-releasing, and long circulation time in the body. Through mechanisms such as non-specific endocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis, NDDS can inhibit P-gp at the gene and protein level, leading to improved concentrations of chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer cells, and therefore reverse MDR.

Objective Objective To study the application of oral ranitidine to MRCP. Methods 20 healthy subjects, including 12 males and 8 femals, were performed with random double-blind MRCP examination by 1.5T MR machine. Two experienced radiologist assessed the results. Results Without any side effect, the proximal end and distal end of the common bile duct, bile-cyst were displayed well (P

To discuss the immune mechanism of the acupuncture and moxibustion on allergic rhinitis(AR),which resulted from the summary of the immune mechanism research on AR in the last more than ten years,so as to improve diagnosis and treatment of the acupuncture and moxibustion on AR.To analyze and summarize the immune mechanism of the acupuncture and moxibustion on AR,which based on the data about that in the last more than ten years.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cyclopropanes ; administration & dosage ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Liver Neoplasms ; therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; administration & dosage ; Phytotherapy

AIM　to compare the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of two acyclovir tablets. METHODS　Concentrations of acyclovir in 10 men serum after po 600 mg of two acyclovir tablets were determined , in random 2-way crossover design. Pharmacokinetic parameters were also estimated. RESULTS　The peak concentrations of test and reference tablets were 1.24±0.49 and 1.17±0.20 μg/ml, the AUC 7.56±1.80 and 7.56±2.10μg*h/ml, respectively. The relative bioavailability was 101.36%±11.62%. The test formulation was found bioequivalent to the reference in AUC and Cmax by two one-side t test. CONCLUSION　Two tablets were bioequivalent.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients after coronary angiography.Methods Two hundred patients underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into CIN group and non-CIN group according to the occurrence of CIN after coronary angiography of 48-72 h,and then the related risk factors of CIN were analyzed.Results Thirteen cases of CIN were found in 200 patients,and the occurrence rate was 6.5％(13/200).Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors of CIN included primary renal insufficiency,diabetes,contrast agent dose and advanced age (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Primary renal insufficiency,diabetes,contrast agent dose and advanced age are risk factors of CIN in patients after coronary angiography.

Objective To investigate the employment pressure among graduates from nursing school,and explore influencing factors,in order to make suggestions on education management,career guidance and psychological intervention.Methods Students graduated from Nanyang Medical College in 2012 who majored in nursing and nursing graduates from Nanyang Institute of Technology were surveyed with medical students employment pressure questionnaire designed by DU Tian-jiao from China Medical University.SPSS13.0 was used to establish database and analyze data.Results The total employment pressure of all students was M=3.2.Seven stressors scores from high to level were:post requirements,social environment,family support,personal qualities,the school effect,professional requirements,and career guidance.Multiple regression analysis showed that whether or not the student leaders,different sources and the education background were the influencing factors of employment pressure.Conclusions This research suggests that different psychological intervention should be given to students majored in different specialty and sources in order to release employment pressure and anxiety.

Background and purpose:The incidence of lung cancer with brain metastasis tends to go up. The technique of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) for tumor bed is a new treatment choice for patients with brain metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of IMRT combined with SIB for tumor bed in the treatment of brain metastases of lung cancer by exploring its short-term clinical effect and treatment-related toxicities.Methods:Thirty-two patients who were diagnosed as having lung cancer with 1-4 brain metastases were prospectively collected. All the brain metastases were treated with whole brain 5 ifelds IMRT (40 Gy/20 f) combined with SIB (50 Gy/20 f). The dosage distribution within the target volume and dose-volume histogram were evaluated. Meanwhile, the overall response rate of radiotherapy, thelocal tumor control rate, 1-year survival rate, treatment-related acute and late toxicities were also calculated.Results:All patients were treated with IMRT successfully. The rate of Grade 2 vomitting, nausea, epilepsy was 9.4%, 15.6%, and 12.5%, respectively. Two cases had Grade 2 cognitive impairment, 4 cases had Grade 2 memory injury, and 2 cases had Grade 3 memory injury. There were no any Grade 4 events of acute and late toxicities. The overall response rate of radiotherapy was 71.9%. The local tumor control rate was 96.9%, and 1-year survival rate was 44%.Conclusion:It is feasible to use 5 ifelds IMRT (40 Gy/20 f) combined with SIB (boosting 10 Gy, i.e. total dose 50 Gy/20 f) for the treatment of brain metastases of lung cancer.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics, the outcome of pregnancy and the risk factors of uteroplacental apoplexy complicating severe placental abruption. Methods A retropectively study of the 52 cases of placental abruption who had delivered in our hospital from Jan. 2002 to Dec. 2006 was conducted. These cases were divided into 2 groups: 17 cases of uteroplacental apoplexy complicating placental abruption as observation group, the others with no uteroplacental apoplexy as control group. The risk factors of disease, clinical characteristics and the outcome of pregnancy between the two groups were compared. Results (1)The incidence of placental abruption was 0. 15% (52/35 049) among the total deliveries patients with uteroplacental apoplexy complicating placental abruption took up 0. 05% (17/35 049) of all deliveries and 33% (17/52) of all abruption cases. (2) General information and delivery : There were no significant differences ( P > 0. 05 ) regarding their mean age and BMI in two groups. All women in observation group had C-section delivery, which were 21 in control group. 14 women had vaginal delivery. The incidence of premature labour was 88% ( 15/17 ) in observation group, and 49% (17/35 ) women in control group delivered after 37 weeks. Significant differences were observed regarding delivery methods and gestational weeks(P <0. 01 ). (3)Risk factors: the incidence of preeclampsia, 71% (12/17), and the duration of disease, 6. 4 hours, in observation group were more than those in control group, 20% (7/35) and 4. 2 hours( P < 0.01 ). There were no significant differences between two groups in premature rupture, polyhydroamnions ( P > 0. 05 ). (4) Clinical characteristics in two groups : bloody amniotic fluid, fetal distress, hematometra and postpartum hemorrhage occurred in 82% (14/17) vs 26% (9/35), 65%(11/17) vs 29% (10/35), 35% (6/17) vs 6% (2/35), and 59% (10/17) vs 11% (4/35), with a significant difference (P <0. 01), but no statistical difference existed between indices such as abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding and abdominal tension ( P > 0. 05 ). (5) Placenta sites and abruption areas: placenta sites were distributed from anterior or posterior of uterine body 5/17 vs 24/35 , the fundus or cornu of uterus 12/17 vs 11/35 ( P < 0. 01 ). All cases in observation group presented abruption areas> 1/3, and 9 cases ≥2/3, 27 cases abruption areas < 1/3 and 8 cases abruption areas 1/3 -2/3 in control group (P<0.01). (6) Other complications and outcome: Hemorrhagic shock 3 vs 0, DIC 3 vs 0, hysterectomy 1 vs 0, intrauterine fetal death 3 vs 2, neonatal asphyxia 8 vs 5 and neonatal death 1 vs 0. There were significant differences ( P < 0. 01 ) between the two groups. Conclusions Preeclampsia, long duration of disease and fundal or cornual placenta a risk factors for uteroplacental apoplexy complicating placental abruption, which may lead to a poor maternal-fetal prognosis.

The authors analyzed the current predicament of medical human resources and seek the deficiencies and problems that exist in the medical moral education system .Based on this , this paper pointed out that it should change the medical ethics education ideas , enhance medical ethics cultural identity; based on the health industry demand , broaden the content of the medical ethics education;to develop a new mode of medical ethics education , perfect the evaluation system of medical ethics and health industry demand , provide new guidance for medical eth-ics education .