OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the treatment of drug-induced insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS). METHODS: One drug-induced IAS case reported in our hospital was analyzed, combining with clinical information of reported drug-induced IAS cases in China. RESULTS: Of reported drug-induced IAS cases in China, those etiology and symptoms were correspond with the characteristics of foreign reported IAS cases; patients’ age was lower than the average age of IAS patients; IAS patients were mostly treated with glucocorticoid in China, which is significantly different from reported cases in Japan. CONCLUSION: Most IAS patients are in serious condition. In clinical practice pharmacists should fully understand the medication history of patients with spontaneous hypoglycemia, and identify the difference between IAS and spontaneous hypoglycemia carefully to reduce the pain and risk of death for patients resulted from misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Adolescent ; Body Constitution ; China ; Health Behavior ; Healthy People Programs ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; prevention & control ; Sickness Impact Profile ; Students ; statistics & numerical data

Objective To investigate the effect of creating caring group on the caring ability of undergraduate nursing students,and to put forward strategies for cultivating the caring ability of undergraduate nursing students.Method A total of 80 nursing freshmen who provided voluntary informed consent to participate in the study were divided into 2 groups.Students in the control group were taught with routine teaching mode,while the students in experimental group were recruited to caring group on the basis of control group's routine teaching.Caring group were conducted team activities regularly,which included topic discussion,experience sharing,interest games and team report so on.The experimental group and control group were surveyed by Caring Ability Inventory (CAI) during the beginning,middle and the end period of the research.SPSS 20.0 was used for data processing and the data was made descriptive analysis,t test,and analysis of variance.Results Before the intervention,the CAI total scores of the experimental group and the control group were (184.55 ± 13.25) and (186.67 ± 25.11) respectively and there was no statistically significant difference on the total score and scores in three dimensions.Compared with the norm of foreign countries,the caring ability of the students was at middle and low level.The scores of experimental group and control group in the cognitive dimension increased with higher grade,but there was no statistically significant difference between two groups.The two groups' scores in patience and courage sub-scales also increased with grade level and experimental group had significant higher scores than control group in the two sub-scales (P＜0.05).Conclusion Caring ability of undergraduate nurs-ing students in our school is low.Caring group can effectively improve students' caring ability.Nursing students' caring ability cultivation strategies need to be explored.

Objective:To evaluate the application status and change trends of insulin and its analogs in Nanjing area during 2011 to 2013. Methods:The varieties, sales amount and DDDs of insulin and its analogs in 43 hospitals of Nanjing during 2011 to 2013 were analyzed. Results:The use of insulin and its analogs was increased year by year from 2011 to 2013 with the average annual growth rate of 16%. Glargine, pre-mixed insulin 30R, aspart 30, human insulin and aspart ranked the top five in the sum of money with the proportion above 80%. Pre-mixed insulin 30R, aspart 30, glargine, human insulin and common insulin ranked the top 5 in DDDs. Conclusion:The application of insulin and its analogs is wide in clinics, and the usage and sum of money both show rapid growth trend.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the approaches to carry out health education among patients with diabetic mellitus.METHODS:The significance of carrying out health education among patients with diabetic mellitus and the challenges existed were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists can carry out education among outpatients and public education to provide patients with basic knowledge,and the knowledge about drug treatment,blood glucose monitoring to effectively enhance the tertiary prevention of diabetes and patients' ability of self-nursing and survival quality.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors in the incidence of diabetic ketosis ( DK) in diabetic patients complicated with chronic renal insufficiency ( CRF) . Methods:Totally 82 diabetic patients with CRF were selected from our hospital. The data was col-lected using the questionnaire survey, and the influencing factors in the incidence of DK were analyzed. Results:According to the sin-gle factor analysis, 15 influencing factors had statistical significance in the DK incidence. The Logistic regression analysis indicated that the incidence of DK in diabetic patients with CRF was negatively correlated with age, complication and medication compliance, while was positively correlated with HbA1c. Conclusion:The incidence of DK is decreased with the increase of age, complication and medication compliance, while the higher HbA1c, the more DK occurs. Clinical pharmacists should pay attention to the regular patient education, strengthening the follow-up after discharge and individualized drug delivery in order to ensure the effective control of blood sugar and reduce the occurrence of DK.

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is a rare hereditary ion channel disease, which mainly affects children and young adults.Clinically, the pathogenic genes of CPVT in adolescents are mainly RYR2, CASQ2, TRDN, CALM1 and TRD.Currently, beta blockers remain the first-line treatment for CPVT, and moderate exercise training is considered as an effective potential synergism for CPVT patients.Implantable cardioverter defibrillators are commonly used in the treatment of CPVT, but inappropriate shocks and device-related complications need to be carefully considered before implantation.Flecainide has been shown to be effective therapeutic agent, especially for the treatment of resistant CPVT cases with beta blockers.Left cardiac sympathetic denervation has also shown to be highly effective in preventing CPVT symtoms and cardiac events, and a combination of beta blockers can precede implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation.

Objective:To provide reference for clinical pharmacists' participation in treatment of drug-induced autoimmune hypo-glycemia. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in drug treatment of a case of insulin aspart-induced autoimmune hypoglycemia, analyzed treatment and provided suggestion and pharmaceutical care. Results:Clinical pharmacists' suggestion was accepted and the patient was cured and discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists' participation could help doctors to make safe and effective medication, provide good pharmaceutical care and medication education for patients.

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of constipation lags behind relatively with unsatisfactory efficacy. Pathogeneses and molecular mechanisms for different types of constipation are waiting to be further clarified. New biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical diagnosis of constipation are so urgent. As for current problems in diagnosis and treatment of constipation, it is necessary to use the concept of translational medicine to break existing imprisonment of thinking, and find out new thinking ways of research methods, diagnosis and treatment approaches, thereby improving diagnosis and treatment levels.
Constipation ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Translational Medical Research

Objective To investigate the effect of cognitive intervention on language function and quality of life (QOL) in elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia.Methods Fifty-five elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia were randomly divided into the control group (n =27) and the experimental group (n=28).The control group received comprehensive treatment including speech-language therapy (SLT),while the experimental group was subjected to additional cognitive intervention.All patients were enrolled in an eight-week rehabilitation program.The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was used to assess cognitive function,a device for diagnosis and treatment of language disorders,ZM 2.1,was used to evaluate language function,and the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) (Chinese version) was used to assess quality of life (QOL),before and after treatment.Results After treatment,MMSE scores,language function scores in all categories and QOL scores in all dimensions improved in both groups (P＜0.05 for both).Furthermore,after treatment,there were significant differences between the two groups in MMSE scores of orientation,recall,attention and calculation,and in scores of overall language ability and the individual categories (P＜0.05 for all).Scores of the experimental group vs.the control group for the individual categories of language function were as follows:simple instructions (76.6 ± 14.1 vs.67.4± 19.3),complex instructions (66.1±12.8 vs.58.2±14.9),yes or no (72.5±12.1 vs.63.0±14.1),naming (55.0 19.5 vs.43.3±22.2),simple comprehension (67.5±21.4 vs.55.620.6),complex comprehension (44.8±17.0 vs.35.0±18.9),listening and reading words (65.4±16.7 vs.53.7±19.3),calculation (39.3±25.8 vs.25.9±19.2),memory (36.4±18.7 vs.26.3±17.8),matching (75.9±18.6 vs.65.3±17.1),simple general knowledge (68.3±18.2 vs.58.0±19.5),complex general knowledge (58.7±17.4 vs.50.0±13.3),orientation (70.7±19.6 vs.60.5±17.2) and comparison (59.9± 14.6 vs.50.2±17.5) (P＜0.05 for all).There were significant differences between the two groups in emotional function (66.7±18.2 vs.53.1±21.2),general health (67.2±12.6 vs.60.7±9.8),mental health (71.0±5.6 vs.63.1±4.2),social functioning (64.7±9.0 vs.59.3±10.2) and vitality (55.4±14.8 vs.46.9±15.6) (P＜0.05 for all).Conclusions Cognitive intervention combined with SLT can contribute to the recovery of language function and the improvement of QOL in elderly patients with post-stroke aphasia.