Gastroesophageal reflux disease and sliding hiatal hernia are chronic disease,and sometimes there are not typical clinical symptoms.Patients don't have enough cognition or put enough em-phasis on it.Determining the sliding length of the sliding hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux disease respectively by means of high resolution manometry and 24 hour pH monitoring,in turn,analyzing the rela-tionship between sliding length of the sliding hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

A series of the positive cord dorsum potentials (CDP)were recorded in the dorsal surface of the spinal cord when the region of the nucleus raphy magnus (NRM)was stimulated by electricity. This CDP (NRM—CDP) consisted of three potentials. They were a Compound potential with a short time course and two slow potentials with a long time course which followed the compound one. The characteristics of the slowly potentials—NRM—CDP—1 and NRM—CDP—2 waves were analysed the parameters concerned were recorded. Therefore, a good experiment animal model and new information are provided for the further a study of the NRM action.

Recent studies suggest that astrocyte elevated gene 1 ( AEG-1 ) is almost highly expressed in all types of malignant solid tumors and correlates with poor prognosis,which becomes a prognostic marker for many kinds of tumors.As a strongly basic protein,AEG-1 possesses a transmembrane domain and multiplenuclear localization signals.It is present in the cell membrane,cytoplasm and nucleus.As an oncogene,AEG-1 palys an important role in a virety of malignant biological behaviors of cancer,which range from cell proliferation,apoptosis,migration,adhesion,invasion to tumor angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance.Its critical role in tumor genesis and progression has made it a potential therapeutic target.

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound-medium frequency electrotherapy has better pain-relieving effect,whether it involves enkephalin and the like neurotransmitter is still not very clear, it is necessary to carry out qualitative and quantitative analysis of the pain response in rats received ultrasound-medium frequency electrotherapy.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pain-relieving effect of ultrasound-medium frequency electrotherapy and its influence on the enkephalin content in rats, aiming to probe its underlying mechanism and relationship with neurotransmitter enkephalin.DESIGN: Randomly controlled study taking experimental animals as subjects.SETTING: Department of Physiotherapy, First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Institute of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical CollegeMATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Institute of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College between June 2002 and March 2003. Forty healthy male Wistar rats were adopted and randomized into four groups,namely methionine enkephalin detection experimental group and control group,as well as leucine enkephalin detection experimental group and control group with 10 rats in each group ,amongst which methionine enkephalin experimental group and leucine enkephalin experimental group were generally designed as experimental group ,with the other two group as control group.METHODS: ①Rats ín the experímental group were subjected to ultrasound-medium frequency electrotherapy with frequency of 0.8 MHz in manner of geminal pulse,the modulatìng frequency was 100 Hz and ultrasound intensity of 0.9 W/cm2;the carrier frequency of medium frequency electricity was 4 kHz with modulating frequency of 100 Hz in manner of continuous wave,the electric current of medium frequency was 2 mA and acting time of 10 min. rats in control group received the same dealing,but the higher voltage of ultrasound-medium frequency electrotheprauetic instrument was not used, thereby no energy output was available. tail flick test(TFr) was used to test rat algesthesia,and stopwatch was used to record the time for tail flick(s) that was taken as the value of pain threshold. ②The threshold of pain was tested at 10 minutes instantly after ultrasoundmedium frequency electric stimulation,and then pituitary (removing the posterior pituitary lobe) and hypothalamus were obtained to detect the content of methionine enkephalin and leucine enkephalin by using radioimmuno assay.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The changes of the pain threshold after treatment,the content of methionine enkephalin and leucine enkephalin.RESULTS: Totally 40 rats were enrolled in the experiment and entered in the results analysis. ① The changing rate of pain threshold in two experimental group were 265.79% and 272.90% respectively,the difference was of no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05). ②After ultrasoundmedium frequency electrotherapy,the content of methionine enkephalin and leucine enkephalin in pituitary and hypothalamus were obviously higher than before treatment [ The changing rate of methionine enkephalin and leucine enkephalin in adenohypophysis was 300.48 ±36.21)% and(204.61±68.65)% , respectively, compared to (239.80±59.98)%and(205.53±51.62)% in hypothalamus, P ＜ 0.05]. ③Linear regression analysis revealed that the variance of the pain threshold was positively correlated with the content of methionine enkephalin in adenohypophysis(r=0.91 ,P ＜ 0.01), suggesting the increment of methionine enkephalin in adenohypophysis was closely connected with the increment of pain threshold,and the level of methionine enkephalin in adenohypophysis would be higher than that in control group by 117.02% when the value of pain threshold increased by100%.CONCLUSION: One of the important mechanisms for the pain-relieving effect of ultrasound-medium frequency electrotherapy might be the increase of methionine enkephalin in adenohypophysis.

Objective To develop the ribavirin purity certified reference material( CRM ) which has measurement traceability and high accuracy,and establish an effective method of evaluation. Methods The homogeneity and the stability were checked by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and DSC methods were used for purity determination of ribavirin. Results Ribavirin showed satisfactory homogeneity and stability. The certified value of ribavirin was 99. 5%with an uncertainty of 0. 4%(k=2,P=0. 95). Conclusion Ribavirin purity CRM obtained in this paper has been proven to be a national primary CRM with high accuracy and traceability,which can be used to validate analytical methods,improve the accuracy of measurement data,establish meteorological traceability of analytical results as well as control the quality of ribavirin in the pharmaceutical industry.

Asthma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inflammation Mediators ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Signal Transduction

[Objective] To discuss the cure effect of conjunctiva valve combined with tarsorrhaphy and standardized medication on refractory keratohelcosis. [Method] Choose 37 cases with 37 eyes of the disease above, divide them into control group, n=17, and observation group, n=20; the control one take conjunctiva valve combined with tarsorrhaphy and routine medicine intervention; other group, standardized drug intervention instead of routine medicine. Observe the therapeutic effect after 6m. [Result] In observation group, 18 cases were cured(90%), 2 better(10%); for other group, they were 9(52.9%) and 4(23.5%) respectively, and 4 cases had no effect(23.5%). Comparing both cure effects, the difference had statistical meaning. [Conclusion] The conjunctiva valve combined with tarsorrhaphy could markedly improve the cure effect if intervened with standardized drug.

Objective To investigate the effects of remifentanil on lipopolysaccharide ( LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rabbits.Methods Thirty healthy male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.5-3.5 kg were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 6 each) : group Ⅰ control (group C) ;group Ⅱ ALI;group Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ low, median and high dose RF + LPS (group LR, MR, HR) . The animals were anesthetized with intravenous 3% pentobarbital sodium 30 mg/kg, tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated. The carotid artery and jugular vein were cannulated for MAP and HR monitoring, blood sampling, and fluid and drug administration. LPS 0.5 mg/kg in 10 ml of normal saline (NS) was infused over 30 min in group Ⅱ-Ⅴ. Remifentanil 0.2, 0.4 or 0.8 μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1) was infused starting from 15 min before LPS administration until the death of the animals. MAP, HR, peak airway pressure (P_(peak) ), PaO_2 and plasma intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) concentration were measured immediately before LPS infusion (T_0, baseline) and at 1, 2.5 and 5.5 h after the end of LPS infusion. The animals were killed and the lungs were immediately removed for microscopic examination and determination of W/D lung weight ratio. Results MAP, HR and PaO_2 were significantly decreased while W/D ratio and P_(peak) were significantly increased after iv LPS infusion as compared with control group. LPS significantly increased plasma ICAM-1 concentration and damaged the structure of lung tissue. Remifentanil infusion significantly attenuated the LPS-induced changes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion RF has protective effect against LPS-induced ALI and inhibition of ICAM-1 expression is involved in the mechanism.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Chaihu shugan powder combined with clonazepam in the treatment of liver qi stagnation type anxiety. METHODS:96 patients with liver qi stagnation type anxiety were randomly divided in-to observation group and control group,with 48 cases in each group. Control group was given Clonazepam tablet with initial dose of 0.5 mg,increasing to 4.0 mg gradually,tid;observation group was additionally given Chaihu shugan powder 300 ml,bid,on the basis of control group. Both groups were treated for 6 weeks. Clinical efficacy of 2 groups were observed,and HAMA and SAS were observed before and after treatment;the incidence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:The total effective rate of observation group(97.92%)was significantly higher than that of control group(83.33%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in HAMA and SAS between 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05);HAMA and SAS of 2 groups decreased significantly 1,3 and 6 weeks after treatment,and the observation group was lower than the control group, with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Chaihu shugan powder combined with clonazepam is effective,improve patient anxiety and safe in the treatment of liver qi stagnation type anxiety.

The cord dorsum potential evoked by stimulation in the ventrolateral aspect of periaqueductal grey (PAG-CDP) was recorded from the dorsal surface of the spinal lumbosacral cord in rats. PAG stimulation with the same parameters as for producing PAG-CDP inhibited the C discharges of convergent neurons in spinal dorsal horn. There was a positive correlation between the time course of the inhibitory effect of PAG on convergent neurons and the duration of the slow wave of PAG-CDP. a positive correlation also presented between the latencies of the PAG inhibition and the slow wave. Furthermore, the PAG inhibition did not appear when the intensity of PAG stimulation was below the threshold of PAG-CDP. These results indicate that the presynaptic inhibition is involved in the PAG inhibition of the C discharges of convergent neurons in spinal dorsal horn.