Objective: To explore the effect of macrophages with different activated phenotypes on tumor growth, lymphangiogenesis and lymp node metastasis in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Methods: The xenografted models were established via subcutaneous injection of LLC cells and activated macrophages into mice. They were divided into 4 groups: blank control group, classically activated macrophages (caMphi) group, alternatively activated macrophages (aaMphi) group and RAW264. 7 group with 10 mice in each group. The growth of transplanted tumors was examined dynamically and then the mice were sacrificed on d 28. The transplanted tumors were resected and the lymph nodes and distant metastasis were observed by HE staining. The LYVE-1+ lymphatic vessel densities (LVD) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, other 40 mice were randomly divided into the four groups and the survival rates were recorded. Results: Compared with the blank control group, the aaMphi and RAW264. 7 xenografted tumors grew faster and had more lymph nodes and lung metastasis (P < 0.01) as well as increased LVD and decreased survival rates (P < 0.05) in the aaMphi group and RAW264.7 group. The number of metastatic lymph nodes and LVD were significantly higher in the aaMphi group than those in the RAW264. 7 group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in tumor growth, lung metastatic nodes and survival rate of tumor-bearing mice between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: aaMphi can promote the growth, lymphangiogenesis, lymph nodes and lung metastasis in transplanted LLC tumors, and reduce the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice. In the tumorigenesis of transplanted LLC tumors, RAW264. 7 cells may toward aaMphi.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of sirolimus on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) induced renal fibrosis by blockage of mTOR and its mechanism. Methods Forty-two female rats were randomized to 3 groups: UUO group, sirolimus group (Sir group), and control group. UUO rats underwent unilateral ureteral ligation to reproduce renal fibrosis model. Sir group received sirolimus 2mg/kg wt per day (0.4ml, intragastric administration) from one day before the UUO procedure to the end of study. The control group underwent surgery but without ureteral ligation. Obstructed kidneys were harvested on 7th and 14th day, and histological examination was performed for observing and comparing the degree of renal and renal tubule expansion. The concentrations of sodium, potassium and calcium ion in the urine obtained from the pelvis of the kidneys with ligated ureters were determined. At the same time, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and apoptosis were observed with immunohistochemical method and TUNEL respectively. MicroRNAs quantities (mir-29c, mir-143, and mir-155) were assayed by quantitative PCR. Results At abovementioned two time-points, swollen kidneys and expanded renal tubules were observed in UUO and Sir groups as compared to control group, however, kidney in Sir group showed significantly less swelling and than that in UUO group (P<0.01). Histological observation found tubular injury, cellular infiltration, and fibrosis were more marked in UUO group as compared to Sir group. Na+, K+ and Ca2+ of retention urine were significantly lower in Sir group than in UUO group (P<0.05). PCNA-positive cell ratio and apoptosis ratio were higher in UUO group than in Sir and control groups (P<0.01). No significant difference in expression of miR-155 or miR-143 was found between 3 groups, however, miR-29c expression in UUO group was down-regulated and significantly lower than that in control or Sir group (P<0.01). Conclusion With obstruction of the ureter, blocking mTOR pathways by sirolimus can attenuate fibrosis in the affected kidney.

A study of PDCA Cycle in managing hospital medical complaints may introduce such a cycle into the medical complaints control system of a hospital, effectively handling the medical complaints process. Since 2006 when the cycle was introduced into the hospital for medical complaints control, such complaints have been cut back significantly by the end of 2009. Furthermore, such complaints are under control from the start, and prevented from growing into medical disputes, effectively improving quality of care. Such a cycle can effectively avoid medical complaints, enhance medical safety, and build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Objective: To analyze some influence factors during isokinetic eccentric test. Method: Twenty normal males were tested by Biodex isokinetic test and rehabilitation system. Their peak torque(PT) and peak torque to body weight (PT/BW) were analyzed under different conditions. Result: It was found that velocity and contraction mode influence the results significantly( P＜0.01). Conclusion: Many factors must be considered during isokinetic eccentric test and training.

20 normal males were examined by BIODEX isokinetic test and rehabilitation system,and data collected were used to observe the influence of angle and time on the isokinetic concentric constriction of knee joint. It was found that angle and time, especially angle factor obviously affected the testing results.

Objective To investigate the test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability of the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA),Wolf's motor function test (WMFT),the box-block test (BBT) and the nine-hole peg test (NHPT) in assessing the upper limb motor function of stroke patients.Methods Eighteen stroke patients participated in the study.Each patient was assessed twice within 2 hours with the U-FMA,WMFT,the BBT and the NHPT.Two raters recorded each session separately.Test-retest reliability was investigated by comparing the assessment results of different sessions; interrater reliability was identified by analyzing the assessment results of different raters.Results The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for the U-FMA were 0.988 on test-retest reliability and 0.959 on inter-rater reliability.The ICC of WMFT by mean and median time were respectively 0.996 and 0.393 on test-retest reliability and both 1.000 on inter-rater reliability.The ICC of WMFT by score mean was O.989 for test-retest reliability and 0.977 for inter-rater reliability.The ICC for test-retest reliability of the BBT using affected hand counts and the difference in counts between the affected and un-affected hand were respectively 0.975 and 0.982.The ICC of the NHPT using affected hand times and the difference between the affected hand and unaffected hand times were respectively 0.937 and 0.936 for test-retest reliability,and both 1.000 for inter-rater reliability.Conclusion The U-FMA,WMFT,the BBT and the NHPT are all measurements with good test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability.They are reliable for assessing the upper extremity motor function of stroke patients.

Objective To evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of adult-measles.Methods The clinical data of 67 patients with adult-measles were retrospectively analyzed.Results In summary,67 pa- tients with measles were involved in this study,with 39 males and 28 females.The gender rate was 1.39:1 and the average age was about 32 years old.There were 39 peasants and 28 workers & officials of 67 patients.The peak of the incidence of disease emerged in April and June(40.3%),especially from November 2000 to October 2004 (67.2%),and the positive rate of measles virus IgM antibody in serum was 95.1%(39/41).There were 58 patients (86.6%)who had the fever beyond 39℃and 18 patients(26.9%)who had measles induced viral hepatitis.Con- clusions There is a trend that measles may be related to the nonstandard inoculation of measles vaccine of the de- crease of IgM antibody levels and so on.Meanwhile,serious toxemic symptoms and liver damage can be clinically ob- served.

Ohjective To approach the therapeutic methods of urinary fistula after hypospadias urethroplas- ty.Methods Forteen post-hypospadia repair urethral fistula managed between 2000 to 2005 were reviewed.Differ- ent procedures were carried out according to the size and location of orificium fistulae.Results Eleven repairs were successful after one attempt.The success rate was 78% (11/14).Conclusion The procedure of fistula repair should be chosen according to the size,location and regional condition of orificium fistulae.