OBJECTIVE:To discuss the method of efficacy evaluation of Chinese traditional medicine(CTM)by the theory of pharmacoeconomics.METHODS:Based on the characteristics and the market situation,together with the current interna?tional pharmacoeconomics evaluation norm,the method for the efficacy evaluation of CTM was analyzed and discussed.RE?SULTS&CONCLUSIONS:Both the advantages of CTM and the international evaluation standard should be taken into consideration in the evaluation of the efficacy of CTM,it is advisable to adopt the western medicine efficacy assessment stan?dard if possible so as to increase its international acceptability.

Objective To observe the curative effects of metformin combined with cyproterone therapy on polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Methods Ninety diagnosed PCOS patients were treated. The serum luteinizing hormone(LH), luteinizing hormone and follicule stimulating hormone(LH/FSH) ratio and T, waist hip ratio(WHR) of the patients before therapy were compared with using merformin combined with- cyproterone three cycles. Results A significant reduction(P<0.05 or P<0.01) in LH,LH/FSH,T and WHR of patients after the therapy was observed. Menses became regular after the therapy, and ache and hirsutism mitigated. Conclusion Metformin com- bined with cyproterone is a perfect means to treat polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on hypothalamic and hippocampal expressions of ghrelin and ghrelin receptor (GHS-R) mRNA in functional dyspepsia (FD) rats. Methods Eighty SD rats were randomly allocated to normal control, model control, medication and electroacupuncture groups, 20 rats each. A rat model of FD was made by tail clamp modeling method. The medication group received an oral gavage of cisapride solution and the electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture treatment. The expressions of ghrelin protein and GHS-R mRNA in the hypothalamus and hippocampus were examined by Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively, in all the four groups. Results Compared with the model control group of rats, the expression of ghrelin protein in the hypothalamus and the expression of GHS-R mRNA in the hypothalamus and hippocampus increased in the medication group (P<0.05) and the expressions of ghrelin protein and GHS-R mRNA in the hypothalamus and hippocampus were up-regulated in the electroacupuncture group (P<0.05). Compared with the medication group of rats, the expressions of ghrelin protein and GHS-R mRNA in the hippocampus were up-regulated in the electroacupuncture group (P<0.05). Conclusions Electroacupuncture and medication can improve gastrointestinal functions and correct an imbalance in the brain-gut axis through the hippocampus-hypothalamic pathway by regulating hypothalamic and hippocampal ghrelin protein and GHS-R mRNA contents and activating hypothalamic neurons and hippocampal excitatory synapses.

Purpose To investigate the MRI findings and to improve the understanding of spinal epidural angiolipomas. Materials and Methods MRI findings were retrospectively analyzed in two cases of surgery and pathology proven spinal epidural angiolipomas. Relevant literatures were reviewed. Results Two cases of spinal epidural angiolipomas were located in the lumber and lower thoracic spinal canal. The tumors were elongated or spindle in shape within the epidural space, and parallel to the longitudinal axis. In both cases part of the tumors were hyperintense on T1WI and T2WI, attenuated on fat-saturated sequences with mild enhancement. Some areas were hypointenseon T1WI, hyperintenseon T2WI, unattenuated on fat-saturated sequences with apparent enhancement. Angiolipomas were classified according to the MRI features. One was type I and the other was type III. Both cases were non-infiltrative. Conclusion MRI shows the size, shape, MRI signals and the association with the adjacent structure of spinal epidural angiolipomas. The MRI classification is helpful for improving the understanding of the tumor. MRI is the best imaging modality to diagnose spinal epidural angiolipomas.

Objective To investigate the hemostatic effect of balloon compression on the puncture site in cancer patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) inserted by ultrasound-guided modified Seldinger technique (MST). Methods Between October 2015 to January 2016, 50 cancer patients who accepted PICC inserted by ultrasound-guided MST were assigned into test group and control group respectively according to the admission time.Each group contained 25 cases. Balloon compression method was used to stop bleeding of the puncture point in the test group, while bandage compression hemostasis adopted in the control group. Results The incidence of bleeding on puncture site in the last 24 h of PICC placement was 28% (7/25) in the test group, while 68% (17/25) in the control group, and there were statistical differences between the groups (Z=-2.653,P<0.01). The incidence of bleeding on puncture site in 24-72 h of PICC placement was 16% (4/25) in the test group, while 36% (9/25) in the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (Z=-1.679,P>0.05). The incidence of limb swelling or numbness in the test group was 8% (2/25),which was lower than 32% (8/25) in the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (χ2=4.5,P < 0.05). Conclusions Balloon compression method can reduce the bleeding ratio of puncture site in cancer patients with PICC inserted by ultrasound-guided MST,and can relieve limb swelling or numbness .It is simple and safe in operation and can be easily accepted by the patients .

Objective To systematically review the effect of picture exchange communication system (PECS) on social communication and speech in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods Literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, EBSCO, Elsvier, VIP, CNKI, evaluated and screened out. Results Six articles were included in the systematic review. Two of them researched the effect of PECS on social communication and speech, two for social communication and other two for speech. Four of them supported that PECS might promote the social communication, three of them supported that PECS promote the speech, and one indicated that PECS did less for speech. Conclusion PECS benefits social communication in children with ASD, especially for the request, and may facilitate the increase of the vocabulary and speech. The characteristics of children with ASD may associate with the efficacy of PECS.

Advances in resuscitation and intensive care have led to high rates of survival among neonates with life -threatening conditions such as asphyxia,prematurity and congenital malformations.The sequelae of neurologic con-ditions arises in the neonatal period include lifelong disabilities such as cerebral palsy,epilepsy,intellectual and beha-vioral disabilities.There is an increasing demand for resource -intense strategies for acute neurological care within neo-natal intensive care unit.Neonatal neurocritical care is a multidisciplinary subspecialty that combines expertise in neo-natology,pediatric neurology,radiology,rehabilitation,surgery,and has led to improved outcomes in newborn that have critical illnesses.Neonatal neurocritical care focus the needs of the developing newborn brain,including attention to physiology to help prevent secondary brain injury,a protocol -driven approach for common conditions such as hypoxic -ischemic encephalopathy and seizures,education of specialized teams that use brain monitoring and imaging to evaluate the effect of critical illness on brain function.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of the combination of resuscitation-inducing acupuncture therapy and Naoluotong Recipe ( NR) for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Methods By using simple random method, 70 qualified patients were evenly divided into combination group and control group. Both groups were given conventional western medicine treatment and Xiangdan Injection, and additionally, the combination group was given resuscitation-inducing acupuncture therapy and oral use of NR decoction. After treatment, the two groups were evaluated by the United States National Institute of Health Stroke Scale ( NIHSS) scoring and Barthel index ( BI) for independent living ability. Results ( 1) The total effective rate showed by NIHSS scoring was 93. 3% in the combination group and was 72.4% in the control group (P<0.01). ( 2) The results of BI evaluation showed that the disability rate was 43.33% in the combination group and was 75.86%in the control group (P<0.01). (3) After treatment, NIHSS scores in both groups were decreased while BI scores were increased (P<0.05 compared with those before treatment), and the improvement of the scores in the combination group was superior to that of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of resuscitation-inducing acupuncture therapy and oral use of NR decoction can significantly improve neural function and reduce disability rate of patients with acute cerebral infarction, and the curative effect is superior to western medicine alone for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction.

Trojan peptides,also named cell-penetrating peptides or protein transduction domains,are a class of small cationic peptides that often contains less than 30 amino acids.They can deliver a wide range of "cargos" such as peptides,proteins and nucleic acids efficiently through the cellular membrane.This review mainly focuses on the recent progress on utilizing Trojan peptides to deliver plasmid DNA and siRNA into cells in vitro and in vivo,and also highlights the implications of this technology in both gene function study and therapeutic potential.

Objective: To analyze the Effect of rt-PA thrombolytic therapy on elderly patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: Chosen elderly patients with cerebral infarction between November 2012 to November 2013 as study object, randomly divided into observe group receive rt-PA thrombolytic therapy and control group receive aspirin and Batroxobin, detecting neurological impairment, physical function score and adverse treatment outcomes. Results: 1)before thrombolytic treatment, neurological deficit situation of two groups were no significant difference (P>0.05), after treatment, observation group patients’ neurological deficit scores were significantly lower than control group at each time point (P<0.05); 2)after treatment, limb function defective number of observation group patient was significantly less than observation group(P<0.05); 3)after treatment, observation groups’ adverse outcomes as again infarction, large area cerebral hemorrhage after thrombolysis, plant survival, incidence of death was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The injection of rt-PA thrombolytic therapy can significantly optimize neurological and physical function in patients , reducing the incidence of adverse treatment outcomes, with positive clinical significance.