Objective To investigate the effect of different investing materials on the complete denture flasking deformation.Methods The denture wax casts were invested by plaster,dental stone,and dental stone together with silicone,respectively.8 trial dentures were randomly chosen from above each group,and 4 reference points were selected in the cast.The conventional water bath polymerization system was used for the process.The distance between reference points were measured before and after thermally processing the Acrylic base.F test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were applied for statistical analysis.Results The distance between A and B (F =3.768,P =0.040) and the mean of total distance among O,A,B and C(F =4.830,P =0.019) had statistically significant differences among the three groups.The deformation variance of Group 1 (a conventional plaster) between 175μm and 267μm was maximum.The deformation values of Group2 (a dental stone) was appropriate with Group3 (a dental stone + a silicone).Smoothness (x2 =17.575,P ＜ 0.01) was statistically different among the three groups.Conclusion The flaskingprocess with the plaster had the maximum movement.The process with dental stone showed the minimal toothmovement,the process with the dental stone along with with thesilicone caused a similar movement as from the single dental stone but resulted in a smoother denture surface.

Objective To explore the establishment of the coherent health service system for patients undergoing surgery in this region to optimize health care resources.Methods Using the Quantitative-qualitative research to investigate the conditions and needs of the regional network of health service between the third-grade class-A hospital and its collaborative hospitals,and it is about two-way referral,the follow ups after discharge,remote consultation,the conditions and needs of the remote training and the knowledge to the obstacles of carrying out the regional network service.Results The doctors and nurses in the research said,it was difficult to achieve the up referral in two-way referral,and there was financing obstacles for remote consultation and training,furthermore,the effects of the remote training was uncertain.Conclusions The regional network of health service between the third-grade class-A hospital and its collaborative hospitals is still weak,and we need to intensify the development of the regional network service.

AIM:To establish an effective and rapid method to develop transplanted subcutaneous pancreatic carcinoma by inducing PANC-1 cells into nude mice, and then use this mouse model to evaluate the tumor-homing and gene-silencing effects of siRNA-loading nanoparticles in vivo.METHODS:Different numbers of PANC-1 cells in 100 μL or 300 μL PBS were inoculated subcutaneously into the right flank of BALB /c (nu/nu) mice.When the tumor volume reached 100 mm 3 , siRNACY 5.5 nanoparticles were injected through the mouse tail vein to perform in vivo imaging assay.Be-sides, the mice were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups treated with PBS, scrambled control RNA nanoparticles and siKras nanoparticles, respectively.The protein expression of Kras was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemi-cal staining.RESULTS:After inoculated with 1 ×10 7 PANC-1 cells in 300 μL PBS, all mice developed tumors within 2 weeks.The in vivo results showed that siRNA-loading nanoparticles accumulated in the tumor tissues and exerted gene si-lencing effect.CONCLUSION:In the present study, an effective and rapid method was established for PANC-1 cells to induce transplanted subcutaneous pancreatic carcinoma in nude mice within 2 weeks, which is suitable for in vivo imaging and treatment evaluations as a reproducible and reliable way for the further experiments .

This study is to investigate the effects of cisplatin combined with heparanase inhibitor OGT2115 on proliferation, invasion and migration of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE-2 and to provide a new target for the treatment of metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. MTT assay was used to detect the cell viability of CNE-2 after exposure to different concentrations of DDP (2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 micromol x L(-1)), different concentrations of OGT2115 (0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 and 6.4 micromol x L(-1)), and DDP combined with OGT2115. Transwell assay was applied to analyze the effects of drugs on invasion and migration of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Wound healing assay was performed to detect cell migration and heparanase activity was analyzed by ELISA. MTT results showed that DDP can inhibit the proliferation of CNE-2 cells in a time and concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 24.03 micromol x L(-1) at 24 h (P < 0.05), low concentration of DDP has almost no inhibitory effect on cell invasion and migration. DDP combined with OGT2115 can significantly inhibit cell invasion and migration. Inhibition of heparanase can significantly enhance anti-invasion and anti-proliferation of DDP.

Objective To observe the serum γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GGT) levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in different immune status and investigate their relationship with HBV DNA loads and ALT levels. Methods Blood samples were collected from 191 patients with chronic HBV infection in different immune status, including inactive HBV carrier state (group B,n = 55), immune tolerance phase (group C, n=47), HBeAg-negative CHB (group D, n =17), immune-reactive phase (group E, n=72) and 61 healthy individuals ( group A) for the detection of the serum γ-GGT, ALT level and HBV DNA loads. Results γ-GGT level were obviously higher in groups D and E than those in groups of A, B and C (P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the γ-GGT levels were positively correlated with serum ALT , AST levels in HBeAg-negative CHB and immune-reactive phase , but not correlated with HBV DNA loads. Conclusions The levels of γ-GGT are different during different immune status in patients with chronic HBV infection. The increased serum γ-GGT level may be an indicator for patients with chronic HBV infection entering immune active phase. The liver inflammation is the major impact factor to the γ-GGT levels.

Objective To supply the basic research material for the optimal collecting time of Herba Andrographis. Methods A RP - HPLC method was used for the determination of Andrographolide and 14 - Deoxy - 11, 12 - didehy-droandrographolide from the stems and leaves of Herba Andrographis (cultured under GAP) in various growing periods on a Lichrospher RP - C18 (4. 6 mm? 250 mm, 5?m) column. The mobile phase was methanol - water (60:40), and the detection wavelength were set at 226 nm and 254 nm respectively. Results In different growing periods , contents of Andrographolide and 14 - Deoxy-11, 12 - didehydroandrographolide were higher in the sample collected in August and September. And for the same batch of sample, the contents in leaves are higher than those in the stems. Conclusion The phenophase from staminal time to pre - flowering period is the optimal collecting time for this herbal medicine, and leaves as medical part will be better than other parts.

This study was aimed to explore the effect of Periplaneta Americana against alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the industrial production of P. Americana. Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups, which were the normal group, model group, positive group, high-, middle-, low-dose of P. Americana groups. Intragastric administration of Tiopronin Enteric-coated Tablets 100 mg·kg-1 was given to the positive group. Intragastric administrations of whole powder of medicine were given to the high-, middle-, low-dose groups with the dosage of 6.667, 3.333, 1.667 g·kg-1, respectively. The drugs were given daily for 10 con-secutive days. After 3h of the 10th day drug administration, intragastric administration of distilled water was given to the normal group, while 14mL·kg-1 of 56℃ Red Star Liquor was given to other groups. No food was given but water for 12h. Blood was collected from the orbit. The ALT, AST and GGT in blood serum of mice were measured. The liver was dissected and liver coefficient was calculated. Histopathological examination was given on liver tissues. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the level of ALT, AST in blood serum of the model group had obvious enhanced (P< 0.01), the level of GGT had obvious enhanced (P< 0.05). Compared with the model group, the level of GGT, AST of the high-, middle-dose group had obvious enhanced (P< 0.05), the level of ALT activity had obvious enhanced (P< 0.01). There were severe liver histopathological damages in mice of the high-, middle-, low-dose group. It was concluded that P. Americana had some side effects in the treatment of alcohol-induced liver injury.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of small interfering RNA-mediated glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) knockdown on the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to cisplatin.

METHODSHuman breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was exposed to different doses of cisplatin (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 µmol/L), and the changes in cell viability were detected using MTT assay. PI/Annexin V staining was used to observe the apoptosis of the cells in response to transfection with a small interfering RNA targeting GRP78 (pSH1Si-GRP78). Western blotting was employed to detect GRP78 expression in pSH1Si- GRP78-transfected cells after exposure to 8 µmol/L cisplatin for 24, 48 and 72 h.

RESULTSExposure of the cells to 8 µmol/L cisplatin for 24, 48 and 72 h resulted in a cell survival rate of 83.13%, 54.22% and 35.79%, respectively, but the cell apoptosis rate was only 10.8% at 24 h. Transfection of MDA-MB-231 cells with pSH1Si-GRP78 caused a cell apoptosis rate of 24.6%, which increased to 48.9% in cells with both pSH1Si-GRP78 transfection and cisplatin exposure. Cisplatin exposure caused an initial up-regulation followed then by a down-regulation of GRP78 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells, while pSH1Si-GRP78 transfection produced an obvious down-regulation of GRP78 expression.

CONCLUSIONSInhibition of GRP78 expression increases the apoptosis and enhance cisplatin chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells in vitro, suggesting the value of GRP78 as a potential therapeutic target in the clinical treatment of breast cancer.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) in enhancing the sensitivity of oral cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis.

METHODSThe oral cancer cell line KB was incubated in the presence of different concentrations (0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mmol/L) of 2-DG with or without TRAIL (200 ng/ml). The cell viability was measured using MTT assay and cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry with propidium iodide (PI) staining. KB cells treated with 5 mmol/L 2-DG with or without TRAIL for 0, 6, 16, or 24 h were examined with Western blotting for protein expressions of death receptor 5 (DR5) and caspase-3.

RESULTSTreatment of the cells with 5 mmol/L 2-DG for 24, 48 and 72 h resulted in a cell viability of 25.25%, 69.06%, and 59.19%, respectively. Combined treatment with 5 mmol/L 2-DG with TRAIL for 24 significantly enhanced the cell apoptotic rate (72.5%) as compared to the rate induced by TRAIL alone (45.3%) and by 2-DG (15.9%) alone. 2-DG treatment markedly up-regulated DR5 and caspase-3 expression and enhanced the inhibitory effect of TRAIL on cell colony formation.

CONCLUSION2-DG sensitizes oral cancer cells to TRAIL- induced apoptosis by up-regulating DR5 and caspase-3 expressions.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Deoxyglucose ; pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; metabolism ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; pharmacology

Objective To explore the risk factors affecting prognosis of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery, furthermore, to assess severity and keep alarm earlier. Methods A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical data of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 1st 2014 to December 31st 2018 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) and the worst laboratory examination within 24 hours after ICU admission, and the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, using continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), accepting vasoactive agents such as norepinephrine, dopamine or dobutamine and blood products such as red blood cells, plasma or platelets were recorded. The patients were divided into survival group and dead group based on discharge prognosis, and the difference in clinical data between the two groups was compared. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors affecting the prognosis of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of these risk factors. Results In total, 97 patients after cardiac operation were admitted to ICU during the five years. Thirty-two patients were excluded owing to age less than 16 years old, no more than 24 hours of the length of ICU stay, without the outcomes of myocardium enzymes or myocardium markers within the first 24 hours or admitted only for pacemaker. Finally, 65 patients met the criteria, with 40 survived and 25 died. Compared with survival group, APACHEⅡ scores, the level of serum uric acid, serum creatinine (SCr), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), procalcitonin (PCT) and the rate of patients accepting CRRT, vasoactive agents and blood products in dead group were significantly increased with significant differences; however, there was no statistically difference in gender, age, body weight index (BMI), distribution of types of cardiac surgery, ratio of patients suffered from hypertension and diabetes, mean arterial pressure (MAP), white blood cell (WBC), coagulation, length of ICU stay, or duration of mechanical ventilation between the two groups. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that APACHEⅡ scores [odds ratio (OR) = 1.123, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.004-1.257, P = 0.043] and cTnT (OR = 1.496, 95%CI = 1.038-2.158, P = 0.031) were the independent risk factors for prognosis of critical ill patients following cardiac surgery. ROC curve analysis showed that APACHEⅡ score and cTnT had predictive value for prognosis of critical ill patients following cardiac surgery, the best was exerted when APACHEⅡ score combined with cTnT, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.839, the joint prediction probability was 0.42, the sensitivity was 80.0%, and the specificity was 64.0%. Conclusion APACHEⅡscore and cTnT may be one of independent risk factors for prognosis of critical ill patients following cardiac surgery, and there will be far more greater predictive value when APACHEⅡ score combined with cTnT.