Objective:To investigate the proper method for treating traumatic chyloperitoneum. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 4 cases of traumatic chyloperi- toneum admitted to our hospital in recent 26 years. Results: All 4 cases were cured after conserva- tive treatment. Conclusion: Perdominantly integrated therapy including absolute diet,total parrenter- al nutrition(TPN) and abdominal cavity drainage can be the effective method for the treatment of trau- matic chyloperitoneum.

Objective To investigate the biological effects of nonthermal plasma (NTP) combined with X-ray irradiation on human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice.Methods By subcutaneous inoculation, tumor models of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 in nude mice were established, and these mice were divided into control group, NTP treatment group, X-ray irradiation group, combined treatment group.The changes of tumor microenvironment were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to determine the level of neuronal apoptosis in tumor tissues.The expression of metal matrix proteinase-2 (MMP-2) was detected by immunohistochemical assay.Transmission electron microscope was used to observe cell structure changes.Results The final tumor volumes of control group, NTP treatment group, X-ray irradiation group, combined treatment group were (543.96±108.45), (436.54±65.49), (351.66±56.68), (281.97±35.60)mm3, with a statistically significant difference (F=9.63, P=0.01), and the difference between X-ray radiation group and the combination treatment group was significant (P=0.05).HE staining showed that there was a larger area of necrosis in the combined treatment group compared with the other groups.TUNEL showed that the apoptotic indexes were (0.95±0.13)%, (5.82±0.26)%, (7.53±0.43)%, (11.07±0.35)% respectively, with a statistically significant difference (F=547.76, P=0.00), and the difference between X-ray radiation group and the combination treatment group was statistically significant (P=0.00).The immune scores of each group were 12, 9, 9, 2.Electron microscopic observation showed that there were more apoptotic bodies in the combined treatment group than those in the other groups, accompanied by mitochondrial edema.Conclusion NTP and X-ray irradiation therapy in the treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice model has a synergistic effect.Probably, it can be a new type of treatment in curing cancers.

BACKGROUND: The transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1al pha (HIF-1α), is the key regulator that controls the hypoxic response of mammalian cells. However, the role of HIF-1α in the therapeutic efficacy of chemo-radiotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSC) is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of HIF-α on the susceptibility of OSC cell lines against chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation. DESIGN: AN observational comparative experiment. SETTING: Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University. MATERIALS: OSC-2, OSC-4, OSC-5, and OSC-6 cell lines were estab lished from oral squamous cell carcinoma (The cell lines were from the De partment of Oral Oncology, Kochi Medical School, Japan). METHODS: The experiments were completed in Beijing Chaoyang Hospi tal affiliated to Capital Medical University from September 2004 to August 2006. The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing fetal bovine serum (FBS), L-glutamine, penicillin and streptomycin. ① Total cell lysates were extracted from untreated OSC cells and those treated with 30 Gy γ-rays, 100 μmol/L cis-dichlorodiamine plat inum (CDDP), or 100 μmol/L 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The expressions of HIF-1α protein and mRNA were determined with western blotting analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ② Inhibition of cell prolif eration after different interventions: OSC cells were seeded in 96-well mi croplates (1.0×104) and cultured for 48 hours after the irradiation with 30 Gy γ-rays or in the presence of 100 μmol/L CDDP or 100 mmol/L 5-FU, and then the inhibition of cell proliferation was detected with 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. ③ Apoptosis after different interventions: OSC cell lines were cultured for 24 hours after the irradiation with 30 Gy γ-rays or in the presence of 100 μmol/L CDDP or 100 μmol/L 5-FU. The cells were then stained with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide, and the numbers of apoptotic cells were analyzed by a FACScan cytometer (only for the OSC cells treated with γ-rays and CDDP). ④ Plasmid construction and transfection: Human HIF 1α cDNA was cloned into the pcDNA3.1/V5-His TOPO expression vector. OSC-2 cells were temporarily transfected with HIF-1α cDNA. OSC-5 cells were temporarily transfected with HIF-1α siRNA (Sense sequence is 5' CUGAUGACCAGCAACUUGAtt 3'). The blank control group was also set, the inhibition of cell proliferation was observed, and the apoptosis was ana lyzed (only in the CDDP-treated group) by using the methods mentioned above. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Expressions of HIF-1α protein and mRNA in different OSC cell lines; ② Inhibition of proliferation and the apoptosis of OSC cell lines after different interventions; ③ Overexpression and knockdown of HIF-1α by expression vector and siRNA; ④ Influence of overexpression and knockdown of HIF-1α on the susceptibility of OSC cell lines against γ-rays and chemotherapeutic drugs. RESULTS: ① Expressions of HIF-1α protein and mRNA in different OSC cell lines: The relative expression levels of HIF-1α mRNA were 1.0, 2.2, 4.3 and 4.0 in OSC-2, OSC-4, OSC-5 and OSC-6 cells, respectively. Simi larly, the expression of HIF-1α total cell lysates proteins and nuclear proteins were much lower in OSC-2 and OSC-4 cells than in OSC-5 and OSC6 cells. ② Inhibition of proliferation and the apoptosis in OSC cell lines after different interventions: After the treatment with g-rays, CDDP, and 5-FU, the cell numbers decreased obviously to (39.5±3.2)%, (39.2±1.2)%,and(47.9±3.6)% in OSC-2 cells, (53.9±6.6)%, (54.3±1.4)%, (54.8±3.8)%in OSC-4 cells. Those decreased to (74.1±3.8)%, (76.5±9.1)%, (69.6±7.7)%in OSC-5 cells and (71.4±7.4)%, (84.4±8.8)%, (82.0±4.5)% in OSC-6 cells.After the OSC cells were treated of with CDDP, the numbers of apoptotic cells were (50.9±1.3)%, (67.3±2.2)%, (12.2±0.8)% and (38.6±0.9)% in OSC-2, OSC-4, OSC-5 and OSC-6 cells. G-rays induced the apoptosis were (21.2±1.1)%, (14.6±0.9)%, (9.7±1.0)% and (10.4±0.8)% in OSC-2, OSC-4,OSC-5 and OSC-6 cells. ③ Inhibition of proliferation and the apoptosis in the transfected cell after different interventions: The cell numbers of HIF-1 α-transfected OSC-2 cells treated with γ-rays, CDDP and 5-FU were much more than those in the control group (t=-4.693 ,-8.617,-6.721, P ＜ 0.01),whereas the cell numbers of OSC-5 cells transfected with siRNA were obviously fewer than those in the control group (t=5.800, 5.595, 4.253, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). After the incubation of HIF-1α-transfected OSC-2 cells with CDDP for 24 hours, apoptosis was detected in (34.0±1.9)% of the cells, which was lower than that in the control group [(49.6±3.4)%, t=6.937, P ＜ 0.01]. After the incubation of HIF-1α siRNA transfected OSC-5 cells with CDDP for 24hours, apoptosis was detected in (27.7±2.3)% of the HIF-1α siRNA transfected OSC-5 cells, which was obviously higher than that in the blank control group [(11.4±2.1)%, t=-8.941, P ＜ 0.01].CONCLUSION: The expression level of HIF-1α correlates negatively with the susceptibility of OSC cells against chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation. The down-regulation of HIF-1α expression enhances the susceptibility of OSC cells against chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation. Therefore, the down-regulation of HIF-1α may be a potentially effective strategy for cancer treatment.

[Purpose] Study measures and solutions to students ’employment problem. [Methods] Adopt basic research methods such as literature review, in-dividual interview, data analysis, etc. [Result] Students ’employment situation is grim in Traditional Chinese Medicine col eges and universities, the em-ployment work needs to be enhanced in many aspects. [conclusion] Traditional Chinese Medicine col eges and universities should improve the quality of employment work through strengthening students’competition ability and optimizing the structure of talent training.

Objective To explore the key points of diagnosis,treatment and the reasonable surgical methods in 39 cases of pancreas trauma.Methods A retrospective review and analysis the cause and classification of injury,surgical methods of 39 cases of pancreatic trauma in the Department of General Surgery of Affiliated Provinical Hospital of Anhui Medical University during Jan.1990 to Dec.2011.Results In the 39 patients who underwent surgery,38 patients were cured,1 dead duing to craniocerebral injuries,3 patients with complications of pancreatic leakage cured after adequate drainage.Two patients with pancreatic pseudocyst pancreatic pseudocystcyst cured after pancreatic pseudocyst jejunum anastomosis.One patients with traumatic pancreatitis cured after conservative treatment.Conclusions Blunt injury is the most common cause of pancreas trauma.Imaging examination has high value in the early diagnosis of pancreas trauma.The reasonable surgical methods and careful examination during operation can improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality and incidence of complications of pancreatic trauma.If the patient's condition allowed,endoscopy not only contributes to the diagnosis of pancreatic trauma,but is an effective method for treatment of it.

To explore the relationship between clinical findings and pathological changes of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), 37 children with IgAN were undertaken clinical classification and renal-pathological comparison including glomerulus change, renal tubule-interstitial change and immunopathology. The results showed that there were 18 (49%) cases with hematuria, 14 (38%) cases with nephrotic syndrome, 3(8%) cases with both of hematuria and proteineuria, and 2 (5%) cases with nephritic syndrome in the clinical classification. 54% of cases with glomerulus changes was as class III. No significant relationship was found between clinical classification and glomerulus changes. There were 24 cases with renal-tubule interstitial changes and 7 cases with hematuria. 43% of them were classified as class I and 57% as class II.All cases with nephrotic syn-drome developed renal tubule-interstitial change. 78% (11 cases) of them were as class II and 22% (3 cases) as class III. Besides, 2 of 3 cases with both of hematuria and proteineuria and 1 of 2 cases with nephritic syndrome also manifested renal tubule-interstitial change. There were four phenotypes were observed in immunopathology including 16 cases of them as IgA, 6 cases as IgAG, 10 cases as IgAM and 5 cases as IgAGM, respectively. 66% of cases with hematuria was found as IgA and 50% of cases with nephrotic syndrome as IgAM. It is concluded that hematuria can be a main clinical finding in both of IgAN and nephrotic syndrome. Glomerulus changes is usually not correlated with clinical classification. There is a significant renal tubule-interstitial change in cases with nephrotic syndrome. Hematuria is usually as IgA and nephrotic syndrome as IgAM in immunopathology.

Increasing clinical evidence shows that modern lifestyle interrupting circadian rhythm contributes to the prevalence of obesity and diabetes.Recent genetic animal models further support the interaction of circadian rhythms and metabolic state.Circadian clock is not limited to be in central nervous system,and is also present in nearly all cells of the body,which constitute hierarchically circadian systems.The molecular circadian clock is evolved to allow organisms to anticipate and prepared for predictable,daily changes in the environment and regulates cellular and tissue function by driving patterns of gene expression and enzymatic activity.At present,basic science in this field has progressed at an extraordinary pace and is expected to continue unraveling the mechanisms linking circadian clocks to metabolism,which is important for understanding the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes,and provides a conceptual basis for the prevention and therapeutics of these diseases.

Recent clinical studies have shown that collagen peptides may reduce joint pain and the dependence on analgesics,and enhance sport ability in athletes.Therefore,collagen peptides may be a safe nutrient supplement for prevention and mitigation of joint pain in athletes.

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of laparoscopic appendectomy(LA) and open appendectomy (OA) in treating acute appendicitis.MethodsThe clinical data of eighty patients admitted with acute appendicitis given LA or OA were setrospectively studied and the recovery condition after LA or OA of the two groups were compared.ResultsTime of gastrointestinal functional recovery and hospital day of the LA group were obviously shorter than the OA group[(15.1±7.2)d vs (28.0 ± 11.3)d,(4.2 ±1.9)d vs (5.5 ±3.2)d,all P ＜0.05].The rate of postoperative complications after LA was fewer too.ConclusionLA had advantages of faster function recovery,shorter hospital day and fewer complications,which had higher clinical application value.

Neural invasion is an important invasion pathway of pancreatic cancer.New research shows that neural invasion of pancreatic cancer related genes in the sequential role effect,through the cell signal transduction,regulation of specific growth factors,adhesion molecules,matrix metallopmteinase and other related systems,then changed in the generation,resulting in the cancer cells invasion of the nerve tissue eventually.We reviewed the progress of neural invasion of pancreatic cancer in this paper.