Objective To observe the influences of infusion with normal saline (NS), Ringer solution and hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride on blood coagulation/fibrinolysis in rabbits with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by two-hit of oleic acid (OA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods According to random number table, 40 healthy adult male rabbits were divided into sham operation, model, NS, Ringer and colloid groups (8 rabbits in each group). The ARDS model was replicated by sequential injection of OA (0.1 mL/kg) and LPS (500μg/kg) into the ear marginal vein of rabbit. Immediately after injection of LPS, the NS, Ringer and colloid groups were treated by intravenous infusion of NS, lactate Ringer solution and hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride, respectively at a speed of 7 mL·kg-1·h-1 for 210 minutes. There was no liquid infusion in model and sham operation groups. At 30 minutes and 210 minutes after LPS injection, the arterial blood was collected and the partial pressure of arterial blood oxygen (PaO2) was measured and the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) was calculated. At 5, 30, 120 and 210 minutes after LPS injection, venous blood was collected, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (Fib), antithrombase Ⅲ (AT-Ⅲ), serum procollagen peptide Ⅲ (PⅢP), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) were measured, respectively. After the rabbits were killed by bloodletting at the end of experiment, the lung tissues were obtained, collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry staining, lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) and pathologic score of lung tissues were calculated.Results Compared with sham operation group, at 30 minutes and 210 minutes in model group the levels of PaO2/FiO2 were significantly decreased, and the lung W/D ratios as well as pathologic scores of pulmonary tissues were increased. In model group, the APTT began from 30 minutes while the PT began from 120 minutes to gradually prolong, and the value of Fib was progressively decreased; with a tendency of mild decline, the levels of AT-Ⅲ at all time-points were lower in model group than those in sham operation group (allP < 0.05). The levels of t-PA and PⅢP at all time-points were significantly higher, and the expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ in model group were obviously more strengthened compared to those in sham operation group. Among the three infusion groups, the improvement degrees of PaO2/FiO2, lung W/D ratio and pathologic score of pulmonary tissues were the highest in NS group, lowest in colloid group, and no significant changes in Ringer group. APTT in NS group except 120 minutes was longer, the APTTs at 30 minutes and 210 minutes were shorter in NS group than those in model group (s: 30 minutes: 52.26±18.65 vs. 76.22±16.64, 120 minutes: 90.60±10.66 vs. 83.01±15.88, 210 minutes: 70.44±17.80 vs. 77.04±13.32, allP < 0.05); the prolongation of amplitudes of APTT in Ringer and colloid groups were greater than that in model group, particularly in colloid group, the greatest; the PT in three infusion groups were gradually prolonged, and at 120 minutes and 210 minutes were all longer than that in model group (allP < 0.05). The levels of Fib in those treatment groups were all gradually decreased, the amplitude descent of Fib in NS group was the smallest and that in colloid group, the biggest; the levels of AT-Ⅲ in three infusion groups and model group had similar decline tendency, the descending amplitude being the most significant in colloid group. The levels of t-PA at all time-points in the three treatment groups were lower than those in model group (allP < 0.05). The levels of PⅢP in serum at all time-points were lower in Ringer and NS groups than those in model group (μg/L: Ringer group: 5 minutes: 250.60±36.53 vs. 285.77±65.55, 30 minutes: 248.73±44.41 vs. 302.16±37.73, 120 minutes: 249.14±43.16 vs. 296.09±38.64, 210 minutes: 246.62±44.72 vs. 295.45±42.75; NS group: 5 minutes: 261.89±50.74 vs. 285.77±65.55, 30 minutes: 247.71±50.40 vs. 302.16±37.73, 120 minutes: 246.58±42.27 vs. 296.09±38.64, 210 minutes: 222.73±18.51 vs. 295.45±42.75, allP < 0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the colloid group and model group. The expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ in all liquid infusion groups were lower than those in model group (P < 0.05 orP < 0.01), whereas in colloid group were higher than those in NS and Ringer groups (allP < 0.05).Conclusions The infusion of NS, lactate Ringer solution and hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride have different influences on the blood coagulation function in ARDS rabbits, among which the effect of NS is the least, while of the hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride appears the greatest. The infusion of these three liquids can all decrease the pulmonary fibrous tissue in rabbits with ARDS, and in the mean time can alleviate the lung tissue pathological lesion for a certain degree, the effect of NS and Ringer solution being greater than that of hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 sodium chloride.

Objective To assess radiation dose and image quality of chest CT examinations that acquired with Flash scan technique combined with iterative reconstruction.Methods Thirty continuous patients required no-contrast chest CT with Flash scan mode and contrast enhanced chest CT with conventional CT scan mode.For each examination,the images were reconstructed by filter back projection (FBP) and sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE).The volume CT dose index (CTDIvol),dose-length product (DLP),and effective dose (ED) were estimated.The image noise,signal to noise ratio (SNR),overall subjective image quality,and respiratory motion artifacts were evaluated blindly by two radiologists.Results For Flash scan and conventional scan,SAFIRE reduced the image noise 35％ and 16％,respectively;and increased SNR 21.9％ and 25％ compared to FBP,respectively (P ＜0.05).There was significant lower subjective image scores acquired by SAFIRE than by FBP.Flash scan reduced the CTDIvol (mGy) 40.9％,DLP 32.1％,and ED 26.9％ compared to conventional CT scan mode.The motion artifact scores were reduced significantly with Flash scan mode compared to conventional scan mode.Conclusions Flash scan technique of the chest can obtain image with minimum respiratory motion artifact due to dramatically increased scan speed,and when SAFIRE was combined with,it reduces significantly radiation dose and image noise.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus Chinese medication in treating postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS).Method A hundred PCS patients were randomized into a treatment group of 52 cases and a control group of 48 cases. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture at the back-Shu points and lower He-sea points plus Chinese medication, while the control group was by medication. The clinical efficacies were compared between the two groups.Result The total effective rate was 98.1% in the treatment group versus 85.4% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus Chinese medication is an effective method in treating PCS.

Objective]To summarize professor SHEN Hong’s clinical experience in treating ulcerative colitis with enema prescription.[Method] By following the teacher clinic and sorting out the related cases, the author summarizes professor SHEN Hong’s academic experience of treatment of ulcerative colitis with enema prescription, and for proven cases. [Result]On the base of disease stage, Professor SHEN Hong uses the advantages of external therapy of Chinese medicine, and combines the syndrome differentiation and disease differentiation by the reference to the treatment of abscess,carbuncle. On the acute stage, he uses the elimination method to relieve heat and toxic material, cool blood and eliminate carbuncle. On the remission stage, he uses reinforcing method to support sore and drainage of pus and heal wound and promote tissue regeneration in case of recrudescence. Meantime, he focuses on the different locations of lesions by reasonable enema ways. The medication he uses is concise and the prescription changes flexibly with permitted addition and subtraction. The clinical curative effect is satisfactory. [Conclusion] Professor SHEN Hong’s experience is effective and worthy of inheritance and promotion.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the working pattern and importance of providing pharmaceutical care for medical staff and patients. METHODS:The practical experiences of providing integrated pharmaceutical care for medical staff and patients in our hospital were summarized. RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Only new working pattern of human- oriented hospital pharmacy is established and pharmaceutical care for medical staff and patients is provided,does the combination of pharmacists,doctors and nurses in the medical practice realize.

Objective]To study the discipline of Guizhi Tang in clinical application, understand further indication of Guizhi Tang to improve clinical efficacy. [Method]After consulting medical cases about Guizhi Tang that are from different medical practitioners, analysis on the discipline of Guizhi Tang in clinical application with the help of six meridian syndrome differentiation, zang-fu differentiation and drug efficacy of Guizhi Tang. [Result]Guizhi Tang can be used to cure urticaria, coronary heart disease, nape carbuncle, high fever, half sweating and diarrhea. The cases of urticaria, diarrhea and nape carbuncle all contain symptoms of tai yang disease.The case of high fever is due to discord of ying-wei. The case of half sweating is due to discord of yin-yang. The case of coronary heart disease reflects Guizhi Tang can regulate spleen-stomach. [Conclusion] The medical cases about Guizhi Tang involve the departments of internal medicine, surgery, gynaecology and pediatrics,such as urticaria, coronary heart disease and so on. Using Guizhi Tang should get help from six meridian syndrome differentiation or zang-fu differentiation. When using six meridian syndrome differentiation, doctors should pay attention to difference of tai yang disease and other five meridian diseases. When using zang-fu differentiation, doctors should attach importance to the feature of Guizhi Tang that involves regulating yin-yang, spleen-stomach and ying-wei.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Shanghai-style tuina method based on syndrome differentiation in treating infantile diarrhea. Methods:Sixty patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The patients in the observation group were treated by Shanghai-style tuina method based on syndrome differentiation, while the patients in the control group were treated by conventional Shanghai-style tuina method, once per day, continuous 5 d for a treatment course. The efficacy was evaluated according to the score of the quantization table for symptoms differentiation in infantile diarrhea after one course. Results:During the treatment, two cases in the control group dropped out. After treatment, the scores were significantly decreased in both groups and the intra-group differences were statistically significant (both P<0.01), indicating the two treatment methods were effective with infantile diarrhea. In the efficacies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome, the cured and markedly effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), suggesting that Shanghai-style tuina method based on syndrome differentiation was more effective than conventional Shanghai-style tuina method. Conclusion:Conventional Shanghai-style tuina method is characterized by fixed acupoints, remembering easily and operating conveniently. It has a significant effect in treating children with diarrhea, and is worthy of clinical promotion and popularization. However, Shanghai-style tuina method based on syndromes differentiation requires the solid theoretical foundation and rich clinical experience of TCM. And because Shanghai-style tuina method based on syndromes differentiation is applied under the guidance of syndrome differentiation and TCM theory, it can improve the clinical efficacy.

BACKGROUND: To enhance peripheral nerve regeneration, the focus on the development of nerve conduits has been shifted from conventional conduits without internal structure to novel conduits with internal stuucture.Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the internal structure of nerve conduits is necessary.OBJECTIVE: To review the application of tissue-engineered nerve conduits with internal structure in nerve regeneration.METHODS: A computer-based research of CNKI, WanFang, SinoMed and PubMed databases was performed to retrieve relevant literatures about the tissue-engineered nerve conduits with internal structure published from January 2009 to December 2015, using the keywords of nerve conduit/conduits/scaffolds/scaffold/channel/channels, internal scaffolds/scaffold, nerve regeneration/repair, hydrogel, acellularized/decellularized nerve in Chinese and English,respectively. Forty-seven eligible literatures were included for overview.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The novel nerve conduits with internal structure have many advantages over conventional conduits without internal structure, which can support, guide, promote peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery, especially, when modified with seed cells, neurotrophic factors or extracellular matrix, can achieve more effective results comparable to autologous nerve grafts.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a RP - HPLC method for simultaneous determination of the concentrations of phe-nobarbital, phenytoin and carbamazepine in serum.METHODS: Phenobarbital, phenytoin and carbamazepine were extracted from serum with CH2Cl2 and analysed using C18 column with mobile phase consisting of methanol - water(57 : 43); the column temperature was 30℃ ; the detecting wavelength was 254nm and the flow rate was 0.8ml/ min.RESULTS: The calibrating curves of phanobarbital, phenytoin and carbamazepine were linear in the ranges of 2.5 - 40, 2.5-40 and 1.25-20?g/ ml respectively .The within- day and between- day RSDs were less than 10% (n = 5) .CONCLUSION : This method is simple and reliable and suitable for phenobarbital,phanytoin and carbamazepine monitoring.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Acivicin or/and cisplatin on the apoptpsis of HepG2 and expression of Bcl-2,c-myc and p53.METHODS:Acivicin and cisplatin were used to treat cultured HepG2 cell line separately or in combination.The cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay,the apoptosis by TUNEL assay and relevant regulator genes by immunohistochemical SP method.RESULTS:Acivicin in concentrations of 0.28,0.56,0.84,1.12 and 1.40mmol/L,the apoptosis rates of HepG2 were (3?1.25)%,(3.7?2.0)%,(10?1.25)%,(17.4?4.5)%and (16.9?3.5)%respectively.Acivicin in concentration of 1.4mmol/L,the apoptosis rates at 24,48 and 72h were(16.9?3.5)%,(27.9?4.3)%and (47.2?3.0)%respectively,which was significantly different from control group.The apoptosis rate of HepG2 induced by cisplatin(67?mol/L)was (73.4?1.5)%at 24h.The apoptosis rate of HepG2 induced by Acivicin(1.4mmol/L)plus cisplatin(67?mol/L)was(94.7?0.5)%at 24h,which was markedly higher than those induced by Acivicin or cisplatin alone.The expressions of Bcl-2,c-myc and p53 in all groups were increased comparing with those in control group.CONCLUSION:This study indicates that the apoptosis of HepG2 induced by Acivicin was in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.When Acivicin and CDDP used simultaneously,the effect of CDDP on HepG2 apoptosis was enhanced greatly.