Objective: To observe the stability of tinidaz ole mixed with cefradin in glucose injection under room temperature or 37 ℃ for 8 hours.　Methods:Concentrations of tinidazole and cefrad in were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and pH by a pH meter.　Results: The concentrations of tinidazole and cefradin and the pH of the solution did not change significantly under room temperature and 37 ℃ for 8 hours.　Conclusions: Tinidazole can be mixed with c efradin in glucose injection for clinical use under room temperature or 37 ℃.

Japan’s long-term care insurance takes grassroots governments as its insurer and the elderly and part of the non-elderly as its insured;The costs is shared by government、society和individual, and is, payed through isti-tutions, communities and hothes. Since its establishment, its security level has been increasing, the role of preven-tion has been rising, the status of community-based and home-based has been highlighting, and the cooperation a-mong relevant industry has been strengthening. But at the same time, its costs was soaring during the past decade, and the continued development of the system is facing transformation pressure now. Take this as a warning, the devel-opment of long-term care in China should learn its strong points, but also try to avoid its shortcomings.

Objective To explore the risk factors for the development of delayed neuropsychologic sequelae (DNS)and to characterize the clinical course following the development of DNS in acute CO poisoning cases. Methods This study included 79 cases of acute CO poisoning,and they were divided into two groups consisting of 13 cases who developed DNS and 66 cases who did not.The generally conditions of the two groups [including age, gender,exposure environment,the time of coma,whether through referral,the severity of disturbance of consciousness, computed tomography(CT)abnormal,first time to see a doctor if hyperbaric oxygen therapy]and laboratory index [carbon oxygen hemoglobin(COHb),WBC,creatine kinase (CK),creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK -MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),hospitalization time,HBO]were analyzed by single factor variance analysis,Chi -square test and Mann Whitney U test.Results Compared with the non DNS group,in the DNS group,JCS score was significantly higher[(200.4 ±107.24)points vs.(94.55 ±52.71 )points,U =8.373,P <0.01 ],CT abnormal skull increased (76.9% vs.6.2%,χ2 =9.548,P <0.01),CK[(5976.33 ±4 371.92)IU /L vs.(2 384.67 ±650.86)IU /L,F =6.877],CK -MB[(51.22 ±33.28)IU /L vs.(23.47 ±15.66)IU /L,F =4.329],LDH[(395.80 ±270.04)IU /L vs.(221.87 ±101.95)IU /L,F =1.012]increased,there were statistically significant differences between the two groups by single factor analysis(all P <0.01 ).The patients with DNS had longer hospitalized time [(283.27 ± 251.08)d vs.(37.93 ±37.18)d,F =2.283]and HBO time[(51.62 ±16.69)d vs.(7.70 ±5.38)d,F =6.428], there were statistically significant differences between the two groups by single factor analysis (all P <0.01 ). Conclusion In patients with the characteristics identified in this study,administration of HBO therapy should be proactively considered after informing their family at initial stage,thus to decrease the risk of developing DNS.

Objective To explore the real experience of patients with aortic dissection (AD) disease during the early phase of the disease. Methods Interpretation phenomenological analysis method was used in the study. Self- structured in- depth interviews were conducted with AD patients who were admitted to the hospital from November 2013 to February 2014, and combining the participation observation method to collect relevant data. Data were analyzed by content analysis. Results 16 cases were interviewed and four advanced themes were extracted: experience of disease symptoms; negative emotion; coping styles; the insight of life. Conclusions AD patients can produce complex psychological experiences when they are informed of the diagnosis because of the experience of pain, sudden critical illness, the role change and so on. Medical staff should pay attention to their psychological status and needs, take corresponding effective measures to promote the further treatment and their physical and psychological rehabilitation.

Objective To evaluate application of quality care in prevention of general surgery wound infection in elderly patients. Methods 116 cases of elderly patients undertook general surgery from October 2013 to October 2014 were selected in alphabetical order by pinyin of last name as the research objects, who were divided into the observation group (58 cases) and control group (58 cases) by lottery. The control group received routine care, the observation group received quality care. The occurrence of wound infection and the hospitalization time were compared. Results The incidence of wound infection of the observation group was 6.9%(4/58), which was lower than that of the control group [24.1%(14/58),χ2=6.576, P<0.05]. The hospitalization time of the observation group was lower than that of control group [(22.6±3.2) d vs.(28.6±3.8) d, t=5.401, P<0.05]. Conclusions Quality care contributes to reduce the incidence of wound infection on general surgery incisions of elderly patients, and promotes the recovery of patients.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)and gallstone disease (GD)are considered the manifestations of metabolic syndrome in the liver and gallbladder.NAFLD and GD are closely related to insulin resistance (IR),obesity,dyslipidemia,abnormal glucose metabo-lism,and so on.Worldwide studies,which have been reviewed,show that both NAFLD and GD have the common risk factors,such as IR, obesity,dyslipidemia,abnormal glucose metabolism,and middle-aged and elderly women.NAFLD is the risk factor for GD.GD,closely related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis,accelerates the progression of NAFLD.Thus,it is considered that the prevention and treatment of NAFLD can reduce the incidence of GD,and the progression of NAFLD can be delayed by the prevention and treatment of GD.

Objective To compare the effects between bloodletting at auricular points and acupuncture at specific points [Yintang (GV 29) or Yanglao (SI 6)] for analgesia in acute lumbar sprain.Method Totally 100 patients with acute lumbar sprain were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 50 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by bloodletting at auricular points, while the control group was by acupuncture at specific points [Yintang (GV 29) or Yanglao (SI 6). The Present Pain Intensity (PPI) from the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire was taken as the observation index. The changes of PPI were compared respectively 10 min and 30 min after treatment.Result The PPI scores were significantly changed 30 min after treatment in both groups (P<0.05). The PPI scores in the treatment group were significantly different from that in the control group both 10 min and 30 min after intervention (P<0.05).Conclusion Bloodletting at auricular points and acupuncture at specific points are both effective in releasing pain in acute lumbar sprain, while bloodletting at auricular points can produce a more significant real-time analgesic effect.

The main intention of this paper is to propose suggestions for optimizing China 's high-value medical consumables centralized procurement .In this paper , we have analyzed the developed countries 'best practices in high-value medical consumables procurement from the perspectives of procurement principle ( s), key procurement bodies, procurement patterns, supervision, and management.The results of our analysis show that “Value for mon-ey” is the core principle in procurement and hospital route , national/regional centralized route ( s) , and group pur-chase organization ( GPO) route are four primary procurement patterns in foreign countries .Procurement management is optimized through improving product coding system and encouraging health technology assessment ( HTA) and clin-ical practitioners'involvement in procurement decision-making.In that perspective, it's been suggested that China's high-value medical consumables centralized procurement could be improved from three aspects:referring partial HTA indicators so as to enhance tender evaluation and realize value-based purchasing;establishing a standard and unified coding system for medical devices;introducing GPO route and make market surveillance mechanism into full play .

There has been a growing number of prostate cancer patients in our country,and most of the patients suffer with bone metastases.Although more and more new drugs are reported for the treatment of prostate cancer,tumor local recurrence or metastasis occur within the 10 years after treatment.The diagnostic sensitivity of 18F-NaF PET/CT for bone metastases from prostate cancer is high.18F-NaF PET/CT not only can locate the lesion precisely,evaluate the drug efficacy quantitatively,but also can be used to follow up prostate cancer patients.This review is focused on the application of 18F-NaF PET/CT in bone metastases from prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND:During autologous tendon grafting, the ultimate tensile strength used for suturing the end of the ligament is important for successful surgery. Improving suturing strength and increasing the number of stitches is a good choice for increasing the fixed intensity. But excess amount of stitches can produce too many thread residues, thereby affecting tendon healing.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the essential number of suturing pins for the anterior cruciate ligament revascularization in ligament end suture fixation to reduce suturing thread exposure.
METHODS:(1) In vitro biomechanics test:12 patel ar ligament specimens were divided into two groups:the specimens were sutured with 5 or 3 stitches using Krackow suture method. The suturing thread was J&J tendon suture thread. The strength of tensile was compared between the two groups by Tensile mechanical test was conducted to compare the strength of tensile between the two groups and to explore the optimal number of stitches and suturing method. (2) Clinical application:According to the results of in vitro experiments, modified Krackow suture method was used clinical y for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in 125 cases, including 62 cases receiving 3-stitch suture, and 63 cases undergoing 5-stitch suture.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fixed strength of tensile at suture sites was over 100 N for 3-stitch double-lock suture and 110 N for 5-stitch double-lock suture. There was no significant difference in the fixed strength between the two groups, but their strength values were both over the breaking strength of suturing materials. Moreover, the fixed strength could not be reduced by suturing throughout the ligament at the first stitch. Al the 125 cases were fol owed for 6.4 months averagely, and both 3-stitch and 5-stitch suture methods achieved good outcomes. The satisfaction rate was up to 99%, and no suture breakage or loosing occurred at early and late stages. These findings suggest that, using 3-stitch double-lock suture method, a satisfactory fixed strength can be achieved with reduced thread exposure. The suturing thread can run through the ligament at the first stitch, which can reduce thread exposure but not reduce the fixed strength.